从"叙述"到"描绘"--从语体风格看二十世纪中国文学批评的视角转换

文学批评中语体风格的不同表现取决于批评家的“写作”姿态,批评家对于文学观念、人格追求、精神世界等方面的不同侧重导致了文学批评在语言色调和表达方式方面的不同。从20世纪中国文学批评中可以看出,批评的语体风格是由“叙述”性走向了“描绘”性,从语体风格所体现出来的视角特征中,我们不仅可以更好地了解批评家的“写作”姿态,而且还可以帮助我们认识促使批评视角转换的时代特征。     

农村教育不公平的教育生态学分析

我国农村教育改革一直有一个共同的取向,那就是实现教育公平:机会公平与质量公平。但现实情况是农村教育与城市教育的差距越拉越大,改革似乎没有取得良好的成果。之所以农村教育不公平现象加重,原因在于没有从理论上把握到农村教育不公平的真正原因。而教育生态环境之间的巨大差距是城乡教育不公平的原因,改革应当从实现城乡教育环境的均等入手,或者实现国家教育城镇化,或者重建农村公共生活。     

关于文学语言的几点思考

文学是用语言构筑的艺术世界。文学语言在艺术表现方面充分体现了自由性和灵活性。文学语言和一般语言的不同，决定了文学语言的审美性，形成了文学语言的特殊语言符号，使人们在文学的艺术殿堂里，享受艺术的无穷魅力。     

Compatibility and Complementarity of Classroom Ecology and Didactique Research Perspectives in Physical Education

ABSTRACT

A large diversity of theoretical frameworks exists in the physical education literature. This article focuses on two of those frameworks to examine their compatibility and their complementarity. The classroom ecology paradigm concentrates on the balance between three task systems, two vectors, and programs of actions proposed by the physical education teacher and negotiated by students. The didactique research program studies the teaching and learning processes using the concepts of didactic contract and didactic milieu that focus on how the knowledge content emerges within teacher and students’ joint action. The article underlines the complementarity and the compatibility of the two frameworks when analyzing teaching and learning in physical education. It argues that the gray areas left by the classroom ecology paradigm could be filled with the insights of the didactique research program. A concise example of how the two frameworks have already been utilized is presented.     

孤独者的形象及其文化价值——走进鲁迅小说的孤独者形象世界

在鲁迅塑造的一系列人物形象中，孤独形象群未曾引起学研究的广泛关注，这无疑是一大缺失。孤独形象值得挖掘，因为他们有其化价值。从孤独类型及其化价值两个层面进行关注，可以充分揭示孤独的形象世界。     

Dreaming the Unstable Wings of Desire: Unseen,Educational Bruisings and The Elusive Self of Literature

When it comes to education, the dream cannot be controlled by the strictures of language or the conscious mind, and in its insistently disobedient character, is unwilling to submit to the demands of a deliberate and conscious curriculum. Indeed, we might say that what dreams represent is the absence of education itself, and a mobile energy antithetical to a fantasy of smoothly functioning teaching. In this article, we approach the question of dreaming’s place in education through two intertwined lenses: the conceptual and the literary. First, we intersperse throughout our paper excerpts from an untitled fictional narrative about a group of students who become progressively more beaten up, and whose teacher is unable to see their bruises, as they embark on the precarious task of expressing their dreaming, creative selves. We also turn to psychoanalytic theory (and, in particular, Thomas Ogden’s theory of dream thinking) to discuss the significance of the impenetrable nature of the dream, and ask how such qualities of unrepresentability might challenge our desires for answerable questions and legible answers. We end this piece with a recognition of the ways in which shared experiences of reading and writing may also support a place for dreams.     

“遥体人情，悬想事势”－－文笔在《史记》中的运用

笔是相对史笔而言的。司马迁撰述《史记》，既用史笔也用笔。史笔旨在考信去伪，直言录实；笔旨在拟虚补罅，饰词运事。笔在《史记》中的运用相当广泛，大抵体现于五个方面，即猎奇述异、夸张渲染、拟话代言、议论抒情和细节描写。笔的运用有其必然性和必要性，它使《史记》在雄踞史坛崇高地位的同时，也迈进了多姿多彩、绚丽灿烂的学殿堂。     

"十七年"文学性别神话批判

十七年文学是阶级与政治泛滥、性别有意识解构的“父”性政治特权时期,也是男性“文学父权”神话之笔蔓延、创造隐喻意味及传统意象的特殊阶段。阶级和性别的结合,并非证明性别比阶级更具特权性,只是对传统神话的分析批判多了一层视域。     

对人地关系的再认识

章在对西方和我国人地关系学说和理论进行哲学思考的基础上，从认识论角度讨论和提出：解决人地关系问题时，其指导思想不仅应以地理学和生态学思想为指导，而且更应该以哲学思想为指导的理念。     

略论中国历代宫廷文学体派价值

历代宫廷文学体派在中国古代文学史上已呈现为一个明显的文学系列。该系列包含的体派在其各自形成发展过程中和主要创作倾向中,体现出如下几个共性价值特征:一是贵族作家群落构成其创作主体,他们以重建新王朝文学为己任,自觉或不自觉地用创作和理论领起、规范出一代文学并使其更为艺术化,从而推动文学的自觉;二是这些体派作家所表现出的片面讲求诗文艺术形式的倾向,往往激发起文学革新思潮,有时此种思潮甚至就由其内部发生,从而使历代宫廷文学体派大多具有启发文学革新思潮的价值;三是反映出其时贵族生活的风貌、文化心态和审美趣味,并一定程度地烘托、反映出特定历史时期的国家气象;四是体现出对女性超功利的审美倾向,并在美学史上创造出特定的贵族式女性审美模式。