Determining optimal cadence for an individual road cyclist from field data

The cadence that maximises power output developed at the crank by an individual cyclist is conventionally determined using a laboratory test. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (i) to show that such a cadence, which we call the optimal cadence, can be determined using power output, heart-rate, and cadence measured in the field and (ii) to describe methodology to do so. For an individual cyclist's sessions, power output is related to cadence and the elicited heart-rate using a non-linear regression model. Optimal cadences are found for two riders (83 and 70 revolutions per minute, respectively); these cadences are similar to the riders’ preferred cadences (82–92?rpm and 65–75?rpm). Power output reduces by approximately 6% for cadences 20?rpm above or below optimum. Our methodology can be used by a rider to determine an optimal cadence without laboratory testing intervention: the rider will need to collect power output, heart-rate, and cadence measurements from training and racing sessions over an extended period (>6 months); ride at a range of cadences within those sessions; and calculate his/her optimal cadence using the methodology described or a software tool that implements it.     

Effects of load mass carried in a backpack upon respiratory muscle fatigue

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether loads carried in a backpack, with a load mass ranging from 0 to 20?kg, causes respiratory muscle fatigue. Methods: Eight males performed four randomised load carriage (LC) trials comprising 60?min walking at 6.5?km?h^?1 wearing a backpack of either 0 (LC₀), 10 (LC₁₀), 15 (LC₁₅) or 20?kg (LC₂₀). Inspiratory (P_Imax) and expiratory (P_Emax) mouth pressures were assessed prior to and immediately following each trial. Pulmonary gas exchange, heart rate (HR), blood lactate and glucose concentration and perceptual responses were recorded during the first and final 60?s of each trial. Results: Group mean P_Imax and P_Emax were unchanged following 60-min load carriage in all conditions (p?>?.05). There was an increase over time in pulmonary gas exchange, HR and perceptions of effort relative to baseline measures during each trial (p?p?>?.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that sub-maximal walking with no load or carrying 10, 15 or 20?kg in a backpack for up to 60?min does not cause respiratory muscle fatigue despite causing an increase in physiological, metabolic and perceptual parameters.     

矿井多风机风压优化计算机调节系统设计

经过对多风机通风网络分析,利用现有的VNETPC模拟程序,建立了多风机风压优化计算机调节系统.该系统允许计算机自动调整多风机风压,直到各用风地点获得最佳可接受的风量分配为止.     

统筹城乡发展,加快推进湖州城乡一体化

在我国,“三农”问题比较严重,因此提出和实施统筹城乡发展的战略具有重大的意义.湖州市为了全面贯彻中央精神,根据自身特点,推进两项战略举措,统筹城乡发展,推进城乡一体化.     

一种高速网络下分布式入侵检测体系结构的设计与实现

随着网络速度不断提高和规模的快速扩展,对入侵检测系统的模型、结构和实现技术提出了新的需求。在深入分析和讨论现有入侵检测模型和技术优缺点的基础上,针对高速网络的特点,本文提出了一种层次可变的树状分布式入侵检测体系结构。该结构可以根据网络规模的变化动态地进行配置,各节点的增加和删除采取注册和注销的方式,而且树状结构中的每一个独立节点都可视为一个完整的入侵检测系统。利用动态负载均衡与基于协议分析的多模式匹配技术对其进行实现。     

顺境下学生负担问题成因分析

我国经济比较发达地区处于顺境下的学生负担同题及其形成的原因，可以从社会、家庭、教育和学生等四个方面进行分析，在此基础上对解决顺境下学生的负担同题可提出多方面的思考与建议。     

改善户式中央空调系统热稳定性的设计实例分析

在分析户式中央空调系统热稳定性影响因素的基础上,给出了改善系统稳定性的设计措施,并结合一个别墅户式中央空调系统设计实例,从系统热稳定性的角度进行了设计分析,还指出了改善户式中央空调变频机组系统热稳定性的其他措施,为设计舒适、节能的户式中央空调系统提供参考。     

浅谈大学生公寓电气设计

重点介绍了大学生公寓在高校后勤工作社会化改革时期新型大学生电气设计的一些思路:包括安全用电,智能用电管理及大学生公寓用电负荷的确定等;强调设计的合理性、安全性以及具体解决的办法;最大限度的满足日后发展的需要,达到用电的可靠性和提高经济效益的目的。     

日光灯电路中镇流器参数测量误差原因的讨论

在对日光灯电路中的镇流器参数测量时发现 ,灯管作纯电阻处理便引起较大的误差。把灯管作低感性电阻负载处理 ,所得参数比较准确。