地方文献中非书刊资料的征集和整理之我见

本文阐述了地方文献中非书刊资料的界定类型以及征集和整理，加深大家对非书刊资料的重要性认识。     

社区图书馆信息服务新思维

社区图书馆的信息服务与一般公共图书馆相比较既有区别也有共同之处。本文通过对社区图书馆信息服务的特殊性及其发展趋势的探讨，提出了社区图书馆开展信息服务新思维。     

基于“4I”的工程人才培养模式改革

高等工程教育正面临着来自外部和内部的双重挑战,大学需要从学科、产业、社会、人才成长等四个维度重构以学生为中心的工程学习共同体。华南理工大学以高端工程科技人才培养为目标,以"4I"(交叉复合、产学研合作、国际化教学、深度工程学习)为路径,推进工程人才培养模式改革,取得了显著成效。     

均等化视角下中美社区图书馆阅读推广实践与启示

[目的/意义] 针对均等化视角下中美社区图书馆阅读推广实践的差异进行比较分析,旨在中美社区图书馆相互借鉴的基础上,提高社区图书馆的服务水平和质量。[方法/过程] 以中国宁波市社区图书馆、美国密尔沃基市社区图书馆为例,利用个案分析和对比分析的方法比较中美社区图书馆开展的阅读推广均等化实践。[结果/结论] 通过对社区图书馆服务的供给均等、过程均等和消费均等的对比与分析,得出均衡资源配置、实现阅读推广供给均等化,创新文化活动形式与内容、实现阅读推广过程均等化,尊重读者自由选择权利、实现阅读推广消费均等化,依托文化特色、宣传社区图书馆均等化服务以及构建城市社区公共文化服务平台,共建、共享社会文明新成果的启示。     

虚拟社区知识共享意愿与行为的影响因素及其调节变量:元分析研究

[目的/意义] 针对已有虚拟社区知识共享意愿与行为影响因素实证研究结果之间的不一致问题,对该领域相关实证研究加以梳理和再分析。[方法/过程] 利用元分析方法,通过系统收集和虚拟社区知识共享意愿与行为相关的实证研究文献,梳理和识别影响知识共享意愿与行为的关键因素,并通过异质性检验和分组分析,探索不同研究之间存在不一致性的原因,从而检验调节变量的影响。[结果/结论] 研究发现,对知识共享意愿与行为具有显著正向影响的因素分别有10个、14个,其中利他主义和知识共享态度对知识共享意愿的影响最大,结果期望、共同语言、主观规范和身份认同是影响知识共享行为最显著的变量。同时,研究识别了社区类型和研究情境是不同研究异质性的部分来源,具有一定的调节效应。通过梳理和识别知识共享意愿与行为的影响因素和调节因素,可为虚拟社区管理者提供参考,为该领域后续研究提供更好的理论基础。     

A pillar of the Youngstown community: The Public Library of Youngstown and Mahoning County engages in the Harwood practice

ABSTRACT

The Harwood Institute arrived in Youngstown, Ohio, in 1999; and today, over 18 years later, its teachings have made a profound effect upon the city. The Youngstown Public Library, through the leadership of Carlton Sears and Heidi Daniel, has wholeheartedly embraced the methods and ideology of the Harwood Institute, helping to reinvigorate and power a city working its way back to prosperity.     

历史地理信息的获取与标准化——以上海交通大学馆藏地方历史文献为例

上海交通大学图书馆针对近年来收集的地方历史文献开展了数字化加工工作。如何有效地提取文献蕴含的地理信息并使其标准化,最终实现数字化的展示、利用与分析是工作的难点之一。地理信息经由人工获取,根据研究需求按照分段揭示的原则著录到地域相关的元数据字段中。基于可统计的文献来源,分布集中的文献优先编写代码转换规则,可机读代码避免了语义识别等程序的繁冗。鉴于明清时期行政区划的特点,代码采用"省-县-都-图-村"五级格式,遵照标准化、兼容性、求同性与扩展性的编制原则,以期实现文献关联聚类、信息自动获取与空间可视化等数据化效果,还原地域视角下的历史原貌。     

Strength in Numbers: Encouraging Every Staff Member to Work to Capacity

Libraries play a critical role in enhancing the learning landscape of the schools they support. In order for any library to become a powerhouse and a community meeting place, all library team members need to align with the library's vision, own it and begin to add their own strengths and talents purposefully. This article explores practical strategies for developing a visionary team, including supportive leadership, daily stand-up meetings, weekly staff meetings, special-focus teams, rostering and the “five conversations” approach. These effective strategies can be implemented across a broad range of library workforce contexts in order to ensure the most effective workforce teams are built.     

Nurturing Authority

When considering the role of local journalism in a networked media environment, it is crucial to examine how audiences attribute news with the power to define social knowledge. In particular, television news programs need to appeal to audiences by reinforcing a sense of local journalistic authority to assert the parameters of who and what is worthy of coverage. This article presents the findings from interviews with a range of commercial television news viewers in Sydney, Australia. It positions viewership in the context of people’s wider engagement with news, and in relation to their interpersonal and digital social interactions. The paper argues that local audiences have conflicting attitudes to the role of television news, both contesting and re-inscribing the programs with the power to demarcate social, political, and cultural knowledge. It traces how local audiences challenge the ability of news to convey boundaries within the community through processes of exclusion, connecting the contestations to the lived experiences of the individuals. It identifies that television news programs nurture journalistic authority in terms of their local relevance, and it contributes insights on the significance of local news by engaging with the means by which audiences themselves attach social power to journalism.     

Citizen-Centered Journalism and Contested Boundaries

This article explores the existence of a “citizen-centered journalism” that sees citizens as crucial participants in the construction of news and as co-creators of their own worlds. Through qualitative case studies of three news organizations, the article examines the motivation for using a citizen-centered approach, the news routines that are required to do so, the categories of content produced, and the perceived impact of this approach. The results suggest these news organizations are working in partnership with communities and striving to give a voice to historically marginalized communities. The journalists, however, see citizen participation as complementary to professional journalistic routines that favor verifiable information, rather than assigning inherent value to it for its own sake.