A new pedagogical model for adventure in the curriculum: part one – advocating for the model

Background: In recent years increasing attention has been given to models-based approaches to physical education as a way of promoting standards and particular types of learning through better alignment of teacher planning and delivery with pupil learning and achievement. However, little attention has been given to the specific contribution a pedagogical model for outdoor adventure education (OAE) has to make to pupils learning.

Purpose: This paper is presented in two parts. Part one is an advocacy paper and draws upon the broader discourse around models-based practice to make a case for the development of a pedagogical model for OAE. Drawing upon guidelines for models-based approaches to physical education, this paper considers the theoretical foundation, rationale, review of research findings and major theme that inform the development of a model of OAE.

Conclusions: The selected review of the research suggests that the major impact of OAE is upon the affective domain, particularly in relation to pupils developing a positive self-concept. Learning is also evident in the cognitive and physical domains, but this is secondary to learning in the affective domain. Drawing upon the analysis of the research literature, the major theme for the model is identified as ‘personal growth through adventure’ and ‘OAE’ is suggested as the name of the model. Part two of this paper builds upon these foundations to outline what a pedagogical model for OAE might look like in a secondary school in the UK.     

In pursuit of becoming a senior coach: the learning culture for Australian Football League coaches

Background and Purpose: Given the turbulent and highly contested environment in which professional coaches work, a prime concern to coach developers is how coaches learn their craft. Understanding the learning and development of senior coaches (SCs) and assistant coaches (ACs) in the Australian Football League (AFL – the peak organisation for Australian Rules Football) is important to better develop the next generation of performance coaches. Hence the focus of this research was to examine the learning of SC and AC in the AFL. Fundamental to this research was an understanding that the AFL and each club within the league be regarded as learning organisations and workplaces with their own learning cultures where learning takes place. The purpose of this paper was to examine the learning culture for AFL coaches.

Method: Five SCs, 6 ACs, and 5 administrators (4 of whom were former coaches) at 11 of the 16 AFL clubs were recruited for the research project. First, demographic data were collected for each participant (e.g. age, playing and coaching experience, development and coach development activities). Second, all participants were involved in one semi-structured interview of between 45 and 90 minutes duration. An interpretative (hierarchical content) analysis of the interview data was conducted to identify key emergent themes.

Results: Learning was central to AFL coaches becoming a SC. Nevertheless, coaches reported a sense of isolation and a lack of support in developing their craft within their particular learning culture. These coaches developed a unique dynamic social network (DSN) that involved episodic contact with a number of respected confidantes often from diverse fields (used here in the Bourdieuian sense) in developing their coaching craft. Although there were some opportunities in their workplace, much of their learning was unmediated by others, underscoring the importance of their agentic engagement in limited workplace affordances.

Conclusion: The variety of people accessed for the purposes of learning (often beyond the immediate workplace) and the long time taken to establish networks of supporters meant that a new way of describing the social networks of AFL coaches was needed; DSN. However, despite the acknowledged utility of learning from others, all coaches reported some sense of isolation in their learning. The sense of isolation brought about by professional volatility in high-performance Australian Football offers an alternative view on Hodkinson, Biesta and James' attempt in overcoming dualisms in learning.     

研究性学习在课程中的开展--以《中央银行理论与实务》为例

本文以《中央银行理论与实务》为例，对我们在课程中开展研究性学习的实践与探索进行了总结归纳。作者提出应通过加强教学过程中的互动、选择有效的自主学习指导方式、开展专题研究活动、注重素质拓展等，促进研究性学习的开展，保证研究性学习的效果。     

幼儿快乐英语情境教学——南京晓庄学院学前教育专业幼儿英语教学法课程改革

幼儿英语教学法已经成为学前教育新兴的一门专业课程,幼儿英语教学法课程改革是一项具有创新意义的课题。改革后的课程在授课模式上讲求理论与实践的紧密结合,在授课内容上强调与语言课程的分离,其基本特征为平等对话、角色变换、园园合作、共同创造。     

The key to success in elite athletes? Explicit and implicit motor learning in youth elite and non-elite soccer players

In sports, fast and accurate execution of movements is required. It has been shown that implicitly learned movements might be less vulnerable than explicitly learned movements to stressful and fast changing circumstances that exist at the elite sports level. The present study provides insight in explicit and implicit motor learning in youth soccer players with different expertise levels. Twenty-seven youth elite soccer players and 25 non-elite soccer players (aged 10–12) performed a serial reaction time task (SRTT). In the SRTT, one of the sequences must be learned explicitly, the other was implicitly learned. No main effect of group was found for implicit and explicit learning on mean reaction time (MRT) and accuracy. However, for MRT, an interaction was found between learning condition, learning phase and group. Analyses showed no group effects for the explicit learning condition, but youth elite soccer players showed better learning in the implicit learning condition. In particular, during implicit motor learning youth elite soccer showed faster MRTs in the early learning phase and earlier reached asymptote performance in terms of MRT. Present findings may be important for sports because children with superior implicit learning abilities in early learning phases may be able to learn more (durable) motor skills in a shorter time period as compared to other children.     

蔬菜栽培课程产学合作教育的实践与思考

选择具有日光温室、塑料大棚、中棚及露地等多种生产方式，蔬菜种类较多，面积较大，种植蔬菜历史较长，交通便利的村寨作为蔬菜栽培课程产学合作教育的基地。把学生分配到农户，每户3～4名学生为一组，与蔬菜生产实际紧密结合，让学生接受培养土的配制，种子处理与播种，苗床管理，定植，田间管理及嫁接育苗等环节的训练。结果表明：学生获得了两个层面的训练。在第一个层面上，学生熟练掌握了蔬菜栽培基本环节的技术要求和要领，动手能力得到明显提高，培养了学生的基本技能；在第二个层面上，学生掌握了蔬菜设施栽培、无公害生产综合配套等高层次技术，培养了学生综合技术应用能力。今后应特别注意学生和生产者(企业或农户)的双向参与，信息的双向传递，学校与生产者(或企业或农户)双赢，以及培养学生创新能力即第三个层面的训练。     

为什么我们中国人缺乏创新——兼谈文化与教育的关系

在近现代史上，中国没有重大的发明和创造。造成这一现象的原因可能是社会、经济、政治、历史等各方面的因素，但笔者认为文化上的原因是最深刻的。大一统的政治体制、官办教育、科举制、功利型的应试教育，知识分子不愿独立自主等习惯性的做法都影响了人们思想进步和科技创新。教育既传承文化、也革新文化。在以前的数百年里，中国教育起的文化传承功能大于革新功能，故在近代史上对社会的进步和革新没有起到应起的作用。基于这一观察，为在中国推动思想进步和科技创新，我认为应首先改良中国教育赖以生存的文化土壤。     

我国体育舞蹈创编中文化元素的融入研究

运用文献资料法对我国体育舞蹈创编中文化元素的融入进行了可行性分析,阐述了体育舞蹈创编中融入文化元素的原则,就如何在体育舞蹈创编中更合理的融入文化元素提出相关建议,旨在为我国体育舞蹈能够通过文化元素的融入进入世界舞台并弘扬中国传统文化提供参考。     

物理学习兴趣探究

从不同的角度对物理学习兴趣进行分类,分析物理学习兴趣的差异性,指出学习兴趣在学习中的作用。     

高职高专校园体育文化的特征与功能新论

校园体育文化是校园文化的重要组成部分。加强高职高专院校体育文化建设,进一步探讨、研究校园体育文化的特征与功能,对促进体育教学与体育传播,营造良好的体育氛围以及推进职业素质教育具有积极的作用。