分类法在搜索引擎中的运用思考

本文从目前搜索引擎中使用分类法的现状入手，针对图书情报界提出的优化搜索引擎中分类体系的改造方案，提出了一些有用的建议。     

基于用户信息需求的元搜索引擎的构建

针对当前网络搜索引擎未能较多地关注用户需求、查全率与查准率不高、彼此间不兼容的缺陷,提出建立基于用户需求的元搜索引擎,并分析其基本原理,给出其基本结构,讨论其运行机制和关键技术。指出基于用户需求的元搜索引擎可使网络信息资源在一定程度上结构化,实现网络信息资源的自组织,提高网络信息检索的查全率和查准率.     

Google Scholar Beta检索性能的初步分析

利用多个医学提问，通过对Google Scholar Beta、PubMed、ISI Science Citation Index Expanded、CrossRef Search、Scirus等工具检索结果的对比，分析 Google Scholar Beta 测试版搜索引擎在学术信息检索中的性能表现，特别是检索的查全率、结果的相关性、文献被引用检索等方面的性能，指出其存在的不足，并对该搜索引擎对图书馆跨库查询方案的影响进行初步探讨。     

网络阅读指导研究

网络阅读指导并非传统阅读指导的简单移植。网络阅读指导与网络、网络阅读的特点密切相关,并且存在多种形式。同时,网络阅读指导面临着目录式搜索引擎的冲击。     

ISI Web of Knowledge跨库检索功能与操作技巧

ISI web of Knowledge是新一代的学术信息资源整合体系，是Web of science的最新升级平台。本文主要介绍了这一体系的跨库检索功能及其操作技巧。     

Search boundaries: human flesh search,privacy law,and internet regulation in China

This research examines privacy law and Human Flesh Search (HFS) on the Chinese Internet. HFS is spontaneous, widely participated search and publication of targeted individuals’ personal information on the Internet. This research sees HFS as an important form of non-institutional information gathering and publication, and argues that the regulation of HFS is not only about privacy but also line-drawing for information collection and dissemination in the digital setting. Therefore, legal instruments and court cases in relation to HFS and online privacy must be assessed as important components of the Chinese state’s Internet regulatory scheme. This research finds that the paired concepts of ‘flexibility and populism,’ key features of legal reform and development in contemporary China, are highly relevant to analyze the growth of digital privacy laws in China. The political-legal authorities’ experimentation and innovation in the development of the law shed important light on how China’s Internet governance adapts to changing circumstances and strives to keep pace with profound social transformations in new technological environments.     

历史地理信息的获取与标准化——以上海交通大学馆藏地方历史文献为例

上海交通大学图书馆针对近年来收集的地方历史文献开展了数字化加工工作。如何有效地提取文献蕴含的地理信息并使其标准化,最终实现数字化的展示、利用与分析是工作的难点之一。地理信息经由人工获取,根据研究需求按照分段揭示的原则著录到地域相关的元数据字段中。基于可统计的文献来源,分布集中的文献优先编写代码转换规则,可机读代码避免了语义识别等程序的繁冗。鉴于明清时期行政区划的特点,代码采用"省-县-都-图-村"五级格式,遵照标准化、兼容性、求同性与扩展性的编制原则,以期实现文献关联聚类、信息自动获取与空间可视化等数据化效果,还原地域视角下的历史原貌。     

The Effect of Web Search Result Display on Users’ Perceptual Experience and Information Seeking Performance

ABSTRACT

Adding multiple sources of information in the display of Web search results may negatively affect users’ perceptual experience and information-seeking behavior. This claim was established by investigating the impact of different Web search compositions on users’ ability to extract specific information. In this article, we assumed that the quantity and order of different compositions (areas) in the Web search results page may contribute to individual’s ability to find information relevant to their search queries. An eye-tracking device was used to observe and compare the perceptual behavior of 14 users in an information-seeking task. The results showed that the use of different compositions in the display of Web results page significantly influenced users’ perceptual experience by reducing their attention to the organic results area. The quantity of these compositions was found to greatly increase the cognitive load of users when attempting to retrieve information from the organic area, which negatively affects their information-seeking performance. Our finding provides a rationale for further studies to consider the impact of quantity and order of Web page compositions on individuals’ perceptual attention and cognitive load in information-seeking task settings.     

Nurturing Authority

When considering the role of local journalism in a networked media environment, it is crucial to examine how audiences attribute news with the power to define social knowledge. In particular, television news programs need to appeal to audiences by reinforcing a sense of local journalistic authority to assert the parameters of who and what is worthy of coverage. This article presents the findings from interviews with a range of commercial television news viewers in Sydney, Australia. It positions viewership in the context of people’s wider engagement with news, and in relation to their interpersonal and digital social interactions. The paper argues that local audiences have conflicting attitudes to the role of television news, both contesting and re-inscribing the programs with the power to demarcate social, political, and cultural knowledge. It traces how local audiences challenge the ability of news to convey boundaries within the community through processes of exclusion, connecting the contestations to the lived experiences of the individuals. It identifies that television news programs nurture journalistic authority in terms of their local relevance, and it contributes insights on the significance of local news by engaging with the means by which audiences themselves attach social power to journalism.