舒本的底本形成的时间下限可为乾隆五十年

不可忽视舒本。舒元炜之序写于乾隆五十四年六月上旬,地点在北京。舒本是原抄本．而非过录本。舒元炜只是作序,当时的收藏者是玉栋。玉栋就是舒元炜序中的“筠圃主人”,原姓姚。是藏书家,乾隆五十四年正闲居在北京家中。舒元炜序中两提“当廉使”。“当廉使”或为当保,当保卒于乾隆五十年十月。“当廉使”或为陆耀,陆耀卒于乾隆五十年六月。无论“当廉使”是当保还是陆耀,“当廉使”皆卒于乾隆五十年。“当廉使”去世的时间,早于舒元炜为玉栋所藏《红楼梦》写序的时间,为我们探讨舒本的底本形成的下限时间提供了契机。舒序云“君先与当廉使并录者,此八十卷也”,就是说玉栋以前和“当廉使”一起抄录“这部”八十回本的《红楼梦》。因此,舒本的底本形成的下限可为乾隆五十年。     

英语表量结构中的喻体型单位名词

英语对各种事物进行数量描述时,常借助于表量结构"Num N1 of N2"。N1是表份的单位名词(unit noun),作为计量单位和数词、介词"of"一起构成数量语块对N2进行量的描述。英语表量结构中的不少单位名词和汉语的喻体型量词一样,还能充当喻体,构成简洁的隐喻。隐喻性数量描述借助于喻体具体、生动的形象来描述计量对象的数量及形态特征。喻体型单位名词对物质名词、个体名词和抽象名词计量时具有不同的功能作用和修辞特点。     

半连续函数性质探索之我见

本文从连续函数的定义出发,类似地给出了上、下半连续函数的定义及其等价形式,详细论述了半连续函数与连续函数性质的相似及不同之处,并进一步举例论证了自己的观点。     

Radiographic anatomical insights into mechanism of lower calyceal stone evacuation following ESWL

This study was aimed to elucidate whether there is significant relationship between the lower calyceal anatomy and stone evacuation following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL). From April 1995 to November 1999, 145 patients with lower caliceal stones underwent ESWL with Storz Modulith SL20 lithotriptor. The pelvicalyecal angle, lower pole infundibular length and width, and lower pole calyceal pattern of the stone-bearing calyx were measured on pre-ESWL intravenous urograms. Abdominal plain film and ultrasonography taken of all patients at the 3-month followup showed that the overall stone-free rate was 65% after 3 months. The stone-free rate was significantly correlated to the radiographic anatomical factor, 94% in patients with a pelvicalyceal angle of 90 degrees or greater, 57% in those with less than 90 degrees pelvicalyceal angle; 80% in those with infundibular length of 30 mm or less, 59% in those with infundibular length greater than 30 mm; 73% in those with infundibular width greater than 4 mm, 48% in those with infundibular width of 4 mm or less; 85% in those with a simple calyceal pattern and 41% in those with a complex one. These findings suggest that the 4 radiographic anatomical factors of the lower pole calyx (pelvicalyceal angle, infundibular length and width and calyceal pattern) play an important role in stone evacuation after ESWL. Pelvicalyceal angle of 90 degrees or greater, infundibular length of 30 mm or less and width greater than 4 mm, and simple calyceal pattern are respectively noted to relate to an improved stone-free status. In contrast, an acute pelvicalyceal angle, long infundibular length and narrow infundibular width and complex calyceal pattern are individually unfavorable factors for stone emptying following ESWL.     

元代下层文人选择杂剧的心态试探

元代下层文人对杂剧艺术的选择，促进了杂剧的大繁荣。他们在选择杂剧的过程中，或隐或显地呈现出了各种心态，主要有宗教的解脱心态、生存的边缘化心态、娱乐的自适心态和价值的凸现心态。     

六朝文化世族的形成及其对江南文化的影响

六朝时期,由于江南地区政局相对稳定,经济长足发展,南北文化交融,促使社会发展水平总体提高,涌现出一批以儒学为宗的文化世族,主要有以吴郡陆氏、顾氏、张氏为代表的吴姓大族;以琅琊王氏、陈郡谢氏为代表的侨姓大族;以吴兴沈氏为代表的由“武力强宗”转化而来的文化士族。这些文化世族各具独特的家学门风,在经学、玄学、史学、文学、艺术诸领域多有建树,对丰富江南文化的内涵,提升其学术品位,促进中华文化发展具有积极意义和深远影响。     

在高校公共体育课中开展拓展训练的研究

本研究运用问卷调查法、数理统计法和试验法等,对拓展训练课程在高校公共体育教学课中的实践进行研究。实践结果表明：在高校体育课中,合理运用课程资源与环境,通过认知活动、学习情感活动和社会交往活动等,有利于充分发掘学生的自身潜能,改善学生的人际关系,全面地提高大学生的心理健康、学习兴趣和社会适应能力。     

人扛人力量练习在下肢力量练习中的应用

通过近几年在体育高考训练中的分析、调研和查阅有关文献资料,就人扛人力量练习和扛杠铃力量练习的运动参数进行比较研究,并分析了运动员在训练中力量水平的差距所在。     

The impact of load on lower body performance variables during the hang power clean

This study examined the impact of load on lower body performance variables during the hang power clean. Fourteen men performed the hang power clean at loads of 30%, 45%, 65%, and 80% 1RM. Peak force, velocity, power, force at peak power, velocity at peak power, and rate of force development were compared at each load. The greatest peak force occurred at 80% 1RM. Peak force at 30% 1RM was statistically lower than peak force at 45% (p = 0.022), 65% (p = 0.010), and 80% 1RM (p = 0.018). Force at peak power at 65% and 80% 1RM was statistically greater than force at peak power at 30% (p < 0.01) and 45% 1RM (p < 0.01). The greatest rate of force development occurred at 30% 1RM, but was not statistically different from the rate of force development at 45%, 65%, and 80% 1RM. The rate of force development at 65% 1RM was statistically greater than the rate of force development at 80% 1RM (p = 0.035). No other statistical differences existed in any variable existed. Changes in load affected the peak force, force at peak power, and rate of force development, but not the peak velocity, power, or velocity at peak power.     

引入拓展训练对大学生进行“合育”的探讨

长辈包办孩子许多生活和学习上的事情使得中国青少年突出表现为缺乏创新与探险精神,没有合作意识;而时代却要求我们培养具有创新能力、探险精神、团结协作的一代。拓展训练在培养孩子上述能力方面具有得天独厚的优势。将拓展训练引入高校体育,对大学生进行合育教育,具有十分重要的意义。