从"非典"遭遇看大学研究职能充分发挥的意义

我国社会对于防治“非典”在知识、心理、组织、物资方面的准备不足，既反映了我国社会在防灾安全机制建设方面的问题，也反映了我国包括大学在内的科研机构的研究职能发挥的局限性。造成这种局限性的原因，一是科研观念中的过分“有用性”追求，一是科研管理制度中的急功近利性倾向。所以，在我国的大学中建构以理性、公平、宽容、自由为特征的科研观念及制度，应该是大学科研事业发展的重要内容。     

试论鲁迅中期创作中的死亡意象及其意义

死亡意象遍布鲁迅中期作品，国民对他人“死亡”的态度，同时折射出自己的生存态度和生命态度。在生死不明的暧昧状态中，中国民众是糊涂地死，愚昧懵懂地生。鲁迅由个体生命死亡的主题延伸出对民族存亡种族命运的深深关注、忧虑和思索。     

Factors affecting the motivation to learn among United Arab Emirates middle and high school students

This study was designed to examine the relative contributions of student and parents’ socio‐demographics, students’ beliefs about learning, parental support of children’s learning, peers’ attitudes towards learning, teacher–student interaction and curriculum content to students’ motivation to learn. The sample consisted of 275 school‐age children ranging from 12 to 16 years old. All measures were constructed for the purpose of this study. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to predict student motivation to learn. Results indicated that students’ beliefs about learning, teacher–student interaction and curriculum content contributed to the United Arab Emirates middle and high school students’ motivation to learn. Implications for research are discussed.     

Undergraduate students’ attitudes towards mistakes in learning and academic achievement

The objective of the present study was to better understand a relatively under-researched topic, namely, undergraduate students’ attitudes towards mistakes and how their attitudes relate to academic achievement. A series of online surveys were administered to a sample of 207 first- and second-year undergraduate students. Using structural equational modelling, a hypothesised model was proposed to evaluate the following four research questions: (1) What is the effect of students’ trust in their instructor on students’ achievement goals? (2) What is the relationship between students’ achievement goals and their attitudes towards mistakes? (3) Is students’ attitudinal behaviour towards mistakes predictive of their perception of feedback? (4) Is students’ openness to discussing mistakes (ODM) and attitudinal behaviours predictive of their academic achievement? Both direct and indirect effects were found. Direct effects indicated that students’ trust in their instructor predicted achievement goals, students’ achievement goals differentially predicted attitudes towards mistakes, students’ ODM predicted perceptions of feedback, and students’ attitudinal behaviours predicted academic achievement. Students’ trust in their instructor and achievement goals had indirect effects on students’ achievement.     

Social pressure for religious conformity and anti-gay sentiment among Muslim and Christian youth

Abstract

Research on civic education, for the most part, investigates the alleged outcomes of deliberate civic education programs. Remarkably, few types of research have investigated how the outcomes of group process (e.g. based on religion) in schools, and more specifically, the pressure to conform to in-group norms, relate to civic educational goals (e.g. promoting tolerance for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender people). Against that background, this paper has two objectives. First, we assess social variation in perceived social pressure for religious conformity among Christian and Muslim Youth enrolled in secondary education in Flanders (N?=?2765). Second, we investigate the relationship between perceived social pressure for religious conformity and anti-gay sentiment. Our analyses are guided by social identity theory and rely on multilevel analysis. We find that for both Christian and Muslim youth, anti-gay sentiment is higher among young people who experience higher social pressure through the perceived expectations from talking with significant others about religion.     

英语自主学习能力的培养

自主学习的含义主要包括：自主学习的情感态度，学习策略和能力，是学习为了达到学习的目标对所从事的学习活动的各个方面进行自我参与，调节和控制的过程。自主学习能力的培养需要师生的共同努力。培养的手段应多样化。     

陆定一和党的知识分子政策

陆定一在毛泽东思想的指导下，曾经对建立和完善党的知识分子政策，作出过重要贡献，但建国后却在知识分子问题上产生了“左”的错误，从而对长达20多年的党在知识分子问题上的曲折，负有不可推卸的责任；党的十一十三中全会之后，他又在邓小平理论的指导下，对建国以来党的知识分子政策进行了深入的反思。     

农民工群体对待科学的态度及其与道德意识的关系

科学传播过程中,人们对科学持有什么样的态度,持有态度的强烈与否会直接影响着科学传播的效果,但更为重要的是,不同群体形成的对科学的态度是如何影响社会精神文化的诸方面的?社会道德意识是社会精神文化的重要组成部分,它是社会精神文化的伦理内核。研究科学传播中不同群体对科学的态度与其社会道德意识的关系,对探索科学进步与发展对社会的影响具有重要意义,对社会主义道德文明建设一样具有重要价值。本文选择了1100名农民工为样本,调查了该群体对科学的态度及其与道德意识的关系,并在此基础上对相关问题进行了讨论。     

抗日战争时期湖北中等学校的内迁和湖北联中的成立

抗日战争时期,湖北省政府为了抢救战区学校,保存湖北教育的基础,将湖北战区各类公私立中等学校合并,组建“湖北联中”,统一迁往鄂西,鄂北后方各县。这是抗战时期湖北中等教育的一次重大战略转移和战略调整,也是湖北近代教育发展史上的一次重大转折。本考察了这次内迁的历史背景和具体经过。分析了其历史成效和不足之处。     

抗战初期上海华商企业界对日态度之演进

1937年底,日军占领上海,尽管此前或此后许多中国企业都成功地进行了迁移,但国民政府工业西迁动员的乏力、部分工厂迁移的困难以及企业家观望的态度,使大部分企业还是留在了上海。面对日军和日商的侵吞,一直处于被动地位的华商企业家,为维持自己的产业,与日方进行了交涉与周旋,对日态度渐趋现实。部分企业通过各种努力获得维持和发展,但更多的企业不得不从“消极抗日”走向“被迫合作”。通过“中日合作”维持企业,成为战时想保存产业的企业家被迫做出的选择,但这也让他们陷入危险境地。