趋同抑或求异:英国高等教育质量保障的过去与未来

博洛尼亚进程有力推动了欧洲高等教育一体化,英国积极参与欧洲高等教育区建设,在质量保障方面与其保持高度一致,促进了欧洲高等教育的趋同发展。本文通过历史分析发现,英国高等教育质量保障系统包含科研评估、教学评估和机构审核,兼具质量改进与问责的双重功能,且表现出竞争导向、风险为本的市场问责发展趋势。在脱欧背景下,英格兰新成立的学生办公室也是高等教育国家干预与市场问责的进一步结合,并非英国的"求异"发展。英国乃至欧洲高等教育区的质量保障机制面临着机构多样性与标准相似性的张力,并将受到消费者"众口难调"质量观的挑战。     

Institutional policy process improvement: using structurating activity theory to inform practice

Organizational communication scholars are increasingly called upon to use theoretical knowledge to address problematic processes in public institutions. This article reports a process improvement project focused on a university conflict of interest (COI) policy as an example of how scholars can engage theory to improve ongoing policy processes. The project team included communication scholars and research administration staff who designed, implemented, and evaluated the mixed-methods project guided by structurating activity theory. Baseline survey results were used to design the process improvement project. Results of the follow-up survey indicate that researchers who participated in some aspect of the process improvement project (i.e. attending a policy café, using the redesigned website, or reading the new Quick Reference Guide) reported higher levels of policy communication and knowledge and more positive attitudes toward the COI policy than researchers who had not engaged with process improvement efforts. We offer theoretical and practical implications of results for organizational communication scholars and practitioners.     

Research universities on the ResearchGate social networking site: An examination of institutional differences,research activity level,and social networks formed

As one of the largest active academic social networking sites, ResearchGate (RG) has been utilized by scholars to share publications, seek collaborators, communicate work in progress, and build scholarly reputation. This study collects data from RG users from 61 U.S. research universities at different research activity levels, as categorized by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, to examine the impact of institutional differences on RG reputational metrics. The results confirm that RG is a research-oriented academic social networking site that closely and realistically mirrors the research activity level of institutions. With an increase in the research activity level of a university, its affiliated RG users tend to have higher RG scores, more publications and citations, and more profile views and followers, while the average number of reads of their publications and followees tend to be lower and fluctuant. In addition, RG users primarily follow others from institutions of a higher research activity level, forming virtual social networks centered around esteemed institutions. The study suggests academic social networks can serve as indicators in evaluation of research activities among research institutions, and such sites can be helpful and credible for acquiring resources, keeping informed about research, and promoting academic influence.     

ASEB栅格分析法在银川市郊区旅游市场实证分析中的应用

对银川市郊区旅游市场的实证分析建立在问卷调查的基础之上,基于第一手的游客调查资料,运用ASEB栅格分析法,通过研究和实证分析,发现并解决银川市郊区旅游市场的行为特征及供给双方可能存在的问题。     

从荷兰《阀门世界》杂志看行业期刊的发展

荷兰<阀门世界>杂志的经营模式及其市场定位、读者定位、发行定位和内容定位值得我国行业期刊借鉴.     

匈牙利自然历史博物馆的历史、设施和活动

匈牙利自然历史博物馆是世界上最早的自然历史博物馆之一,具有独特的传统并在社会中发挥着决定性的文化作用。馆内收藏有丰富的植物学、动物学、人类学、古生物学和地质学的藏品、原生型标本以及藏书,为世界各地研究人员的研究活动提供收藏品和设施。该馆每年举办的展览吸引观众约30万人次,组织近500场教育活动,受众达到了44000人。该馆意识到博物馆当前所面临的挑战与机遇,积极应对诸如气候变化、生物多样性危机、新发传染病、生物入侵等全球性问题,在探索与相关政府部门以及其他科学组织和机构合作方式过程中发挥主导作用。     

共性技术的特性和失灵现象分析

针对共性技术区别于其他技术的特性,通过对资料的总结及类比的方法,分析了共性技术的市场失灵、组织失灵和政府干预失灵现象,指出了我国共性技术发展中存在的主要问题。分析了应该如何克服共性技术的三重失灵现象。     

建设节水型社会的水价制度思考

水价是水资源市场配置中的核心因素。本文简要地回顾了我国水价制度的历史演变,分析了我国现有水价管理制度存在的问题,以此为基础,运用新制度经济学,提出我国的水价管理制度应该把握的几项原则。最后,提出合理的水价应该能够反映水资源的稀缺状况、水资源的社会成本以及水资源在市场的供求变化状况,故合理水价应该包括资源水价、成本水价和环境水价。     

我国股市制度变迁中的交易非均衡与有效性分析

制度变迁是一个非均衡交易的过程,有效交易的形成必须以一定的前提条件为基础,我国股市的建立和发展过程中缺乏有效交易,因此必须加大产权改革力度,建立平等、自由、公平和诚信的交易环境,规范政府行为,提高我国股市制度变迁中交易有效性。     

哈耶克批判社会主义计划的思想辨析

计划是二十世纪二三十年代社会主义与自由主义争论的主要问题,作为自由主义代表的哈耶克对计划的理论反思占有重要地位。他认为计划是导致社会主义国家一切问题的根源。在他看来。一个缺少了竞争环境的所谓计划价格无法真实地反映经济波动,由此导致的信息困境决定了社会主义计划的行不通;计划导致中央政府干预领域不断扩大。直至侵犯个人行动自由,唯有市场才能保障个人自由。哈耶克对社会主义计划的批判在一定程度上可以为我们认识社会主义计划为什么行不通提供理论启示,但也存在着偏颇之处。