伤痕、反思文学中的暴力叙事

30年代的左翼文学,40年代的延安文学以及新中国文学都用自己独特的方式书写了关于＂革命＂的记忆。而这种独特的书写方式肯定了暴力叙事在这些文学作品中的作用,＂十七年文学＂、＂文革文学＂直到新时期的＂伤痕文学＂、＂反思文学＂,这种暴力叙事一度成为主流的写作伦理在伤痕、反思文学中。本文旨在肯定它们在发现大写＂人＂的同时,着重阐释伤痕文学与反思文学中的暴力叙事。这种暴力叙事不仅来自于肉体的暴力,更源自于精神上的暴力,而那种受害者不自觉加在受害者身上的精神施虐更加深了这种精神上的暴力。     

高校女生婚恋观认知偏差研究——以丽水学院为例

采用自编问卷,考察丽水学院女生对婚恋观的认知。调查结果表明,环境与心理状态的不同导致部分高校女生对婚恋观的认知存在较大偏差。当代女大学生婚恋观偏差主要有以下几个类型：功利型、虚荣从众型、空虚型、游戏型。分析了这些婚恋观产生的原因,并提出相应的教育对策。     

乌鲁木齐中学教师婚姻质量调查及婚姻质量对教师工作效能影响的研究

文章使用Olson婚姻质量问卷,以SPSS16.0进行总分、因子分差别的显著性检验等统计分析,对乌鲁木齐市中学教师的婚姻质量状况做了统计,借助个案访谈、国内外文献资料分析其原因,提出了相应的建议.     

关于课堂文化的思考

“改革最终发生在课堂”,新课程改革最核心的部分是课堂改革。课堂改革的目的就是要建立与新课程理念相适应的课堂文化。     

前生醒觉竟伤逝,今世混沌只半生——亦舒《我的前半生》与鲁迅《伤逝》的书写比较

鲁迅的《伤逝》是从男性角度写感情蜕变的故事,亦舒的《我的前半生》写的是同样的主题,但是却写出了不一样的结局。这种变化为我们展示了不同时代背景下男女作家对婚姻的不同诠释,以及女性在新时代中的不同选择和不同命运。     

试论古代彝族婚俗中的陪房现象

古代彝族社会中曾广泛存在着一种奴隶主阶级抽取自己阿加子女作为陪嫁丫头的婚姻习俗,它与汉民族婚姻习俗中以人作为陪嫁品的婚姻陪房现象既有相似之处,又有诸多的不同。本文拟就彝族婚俗中的这种陪房现象略作探讨并求教于方家。     

滇东南边疆苗族婚姻习俗探究——以麻栗坡县董干镇马崩村的调查为中心

苗族在滇东南边疆地区分布较为广泛,由于自然、历史与现实社会的诸多原因,滇东南边疆苗族的婚姻习俗较为独特,并具有边境地区的特点,即跨国婚姻较为普遍。文章在田野调查的基础上,对滇东南地区苗族婚姻的种类与形式、婚姻范围、择偶标准、结婚过程以及跨国婚姻等情况作了考察,并提出了一些思考。     

Attachment insecurity accounts for the relationship between maternal and paternal maltreatment and adolescent health

ObjectivesMaltreatment is linked with poor health outcomes. Attachment and affect regulation may mitigate the long-term impact of these adverse experiences on health outcomes. Little is known about the relative impact of maternal versus paternal maltreatment and interparental violence (IPV) on general health status of female and male youth.MethodThe present study examined the impact of exposure to maternal and paternal emotional and physical maltreatment, neglect, IPV, and cumulative maltreatment exposure in adolescence on general physical health problems reported five years later. High-risk youth (N = 179; Mage = 15.34, SD = 1.53; 46.4% female) self-reported maltreatment experiences, attachment insecurity, and affect dysregulation at Time 1; and affect dysregulation and physical health five years later at Time 2.ResultsAttachment insecurity accounted for the effect of maternal and paternal emotional maltreatment, and maternal and paternal cumulative maltreatment exposure, on physical health. Additionally, attachment insecurity accounted for the effect of paternal neglect on physical health. Further sex differences were found with regard to maltreatment type and are discussed.ConclusionBoth maternal and paternal maltreatment in adolescence predicted poor general health five years later via attachment insecurity. Youth who lack a secure attachment with their parents are most vulnerable to these impacts.     

The intergenerational impact of trauma and family violence on parents and their children

BackgroundChildren who experience Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) are at an increased risk of becoming a victim of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or a perpetrator of IPV or CAN. Moreover, maltreated children are at risk for developing long-lasting trauma symptoms, which can subsequently affect their own children’s lives. Understanding the mechanisms of the intergenerational transmission of violence and trauma is a prerequisite for the development of interventions.ObjectiveWe examine whether the relation between historical CAN and current trauma symptoms of mothers is mediated by current IPV. Furthermore, we investigate whether current CAN mediates the relation between current maternal trauma symptoms and child Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms. These mechanisms are compared for mothers and fathers.ParticipantsWe have recruited 101 fathers and 360 mothers (426 children, 50% boys, mean age 7 years) through child protection services.MethodsRespondents completed questionnaires about IPV, (historical) CAN and trauma symptoms.ResultsStructural equation models revealed that historical CAN of father and mothers was related to trauma symptoms. Only for mothers, this association was mediated by IPV. Trauma symptoms of both fathers and mothers were related to child PTSD symptoms. This effect was not mediated by current CAN.ConclusionIn violent families, maternal and paternal trauma can be transmitted over generations. However, intergenerational transmission of violence is found for mothers only. When family violence is reported, professionals should take the violence into account, as well as the history of parents and trauma symptoms of all family members.     

‘Snitches get stitches’: School-specific barriers to victim disclosure and peer reporting of sexual harm committed by young people in school contexts

BackgroundSchool based, peer-to-peer sexual harm is under-researched despite its prevalence and adverse effects on young people across the globe. Understanding barriers to victim disclosure and peer reporting might help towards the prevention and protection of young people.ObjectiveThis study explores dual perspectives of young people and educational staff about school-specific environmental barriers to 1) young people’s disclosure of sexual harm experienced, and 2) young people’s reporting of sexual harm on behalf of others.Participants and setting: Participants include 59 young people aged 13–21 and 58 educational staff, drawn from seven schools across four local authorities in England whom formed part of a wider study on harmful sexual behavior and safety in schools.MethodsFocus groups were carried out with young people and education staff. The sessions were thematically analysed and focused on barriers to disclosure within the school context.ResultsPeer groups set powerful ‘rules’ that influence the ability and willingness of young people to report sexual harm. Some school responses for addressing sexual harm are sub-optimal and sexual harm is not adequately prioritised. Some schools appear to struggle to manage more subtle forms of sexual harm compared with more recognized forms of violence and abuse. A significant proportion of sexual harm is so prevalent that it is ‘normalised’, and therefore under-reported. This resigned acceptance to sexual harm consequently shapes young people’s disclosures.ConclusionsSchool systems of responding to sexual harm require strengthening to increase feelings of safety and empowerment of young people.