从废木屑制取草酸工艺的研究

研究了以废木屑为原料 ,用氧化法制取草酸的工艺方法 ,确定了最佳工艺条件 :10 .0g废木屑、12mL5 0 %H2 SO4、6mL6 5 %HNO3 、0 .3g催化剂在 6 5°C下制得草酸的产率达 4 1.4 % .     

佤族木鼓文化研究综述

木鼓文化是佤族的标志性文化。沿用学界常用的文化＂三分法＂,佤族木鼓文化之物质层面、制度层面以及精神层面的研究目前国内外均以有人涉足。总体而言,时间段集中于民国之后至解放初期,研究者主要集中于民族学和历史学学科。这些研究成果可为佤族木鼓文化开展更深层次的研究奠定坚实的理论基础,但从研究现状来看,佤族木鼓文化研究过程中研究视角仍有待拓宽、研究范式仍有待进一步完善。     

Regenerated isotropic wood

Construction of sustainable high-performance structural materials is a core part of the key global sustainability goal. Many efforts have been made in this field; however, challenges remain in terms of lowering costs by using all-green basic building blocks and improving mechanical properties to meet the demand of practical applications. Here, we report a robust and efficient bottom-up strategy with micro/nanoscale structure design to regenerate an isotropic wood from natural wood particles as a high-performance sustainable structural material. Regenerated isotropic wood (RGI-wood) exceeds the limitations of the anisotropic and inconsistent mechanical properties of natural wood, having isotropic flexural strength of ∼170 MPa and flexural modulus of ∼10 GPa. RGI-wood also shows superior water resistance and fire retardancy properties to natural pine wood. Mass production of large sized RGI-wood and functional RGI-wood nanocomposites can also be achieved.     

Study of Fe(II) sulphides in waterlogged archaeological wood

Abstract

Wet organic archaeological materials extracted from seawater may suffer damage as a result of degradation influenced by micro-organisms. One of the most common phenomena is indirectly induced by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Due to their metabolic activity in anoxic conditions, SRB generate hydrogen sulphide from sulphate ions present in seawater. When steel items are in contact with organic matter in presence of sulphides, corrosion of the metal leads to the precipitation of Fe(II) sulphides. These phases are responsible for dramatic post-excavation damage: their oxidation during storage or exhibition in museums leads to the formation of voluminous crystals, which may cause cracking and crumbling, and lead to the production of sulphuric acid. In order to characterize Fe(II) sulphides and their by-products, 13 waterlogged samples were analysed by environmental scanning electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Experiments were performed on untreated wood fragments, on a fragment of rope, and on mineral concretions scratched from the surface of wood remains, all extracted from different shipwrecks. Mackinawite was detected inside the fragments and between the fibres of the rope. Greigite was detected in scattered locations. Pyrite and sulphated phases, like gypsum and iron sulphates, were identified at the surface of the wood fragments and in the mineral concretions.     

文化人类学视域下反排苗族木鼓舞文化生态及变迁研究

对反排苗族木鼓舞文化生态进行分析。结果认为,反排木鼓舞文化生态环境在现代化的进程中处于不断解构和建构的变迁状态,反排木鼓舞文化生态随着文化生态环境变化、传承方式的改变,外来文化的影响,政府导向作用增强,其文化生态发生了本质的变化,由祭祀文化转化成大众文化。     

先秦儒学蕴涵的自然生态忧患意识及其现实意义

儒学文献是华夏文明初始阶段的文化丰碑，其中蕴涵着对现代人有深刻启示意义的自然观和生态忧患意识。儒家主张人必须顺应自然规律；儒学文献中有关渔猎与森林砍伐的政令体现了先民对自然资源的保护意识；儒家将有节制地利用自然资源视为治国安邦之方略，把珍爱自然天物作为道德教育之内容。这是原始儒学馈赠给现代人的精神财富。     

民间木刻门神画的特征

木刻年画是我国民间一种独有的绘画艺术形式 ,门神画又是民间木刻年画的一个重要组成部分。门神画形成发展于民间 ,在适合劳动人民审美意识的基础上 ,吸取中国传统哲学、绘画的营养 ,逐渐形成了自己特有的艺术形式 ,是劳动者自由表现自己精神世界的形式之一。     

城市园林绿化基础设施的管理

本论述城市园林绿化基础设施在当今世界的性质、地位和作用及其管理改革的一些建议。     

试论我国古代的市场管理制度——以简牍文书为中心考察

文章以考古发掘的古代简牍和文书为主要研究对象，结合传世史籍和资料。从法学、史学、经济学的视角，综合考察我国古代市场管理制度的发展演变历程。文章认为，在重农抑商的我国古代农业社会中，历代统治者都十分注重对市场的建设、规范和管理，不仅制定出完备而严密的市场管理法律制度，而且不遗余力地加以实施，实现了立法与执法的衔接，这些市场管理制度历代相传，不断演变发展和成熟，形成了自然经济条件下独特而鲜明的市场管理特色。     

木石前盟·骨骼意象·天涯美学——论洛夫诗歌的精神硬度

洛夫诗歌有一种贵族之气和金石之声,这是一种精神的硬度,一种基于情感浓度和思想深度之上的精神硬度。它具体呈现于“木石前盟”、“骨骼意象”和“天涯美学”三个层面。“木石前盟”指的是沉淀于诗人潜意识当中的“木”“石”情结,具体表现为《石室之死亡》和《漂木》两部长诗,一前一后,里程碑式地矗立于洛夫60年的创作历程当中。而“木石前盟”于洛夫的诗歌还有着“自然的情愫”、“经典的造型”和“矛盾的辨证”三重象征。“骨骼意象”则是“木石”意象的延伸、衍生和变异,最形象地体现着洛夫诗歌的的精神硬度。“木石前盟”和“骨骼意象”一天一人共同支撑起洛夫自觉的精神追求:“天涯美学”。这也正是洛夫作为一个诗人的深刻之处:有着高于一般诗人的特有的理想和信仰,同样体现着一种精神硬度。