韩国21世纪基础数学教育课程评介

韩国学生在第三届国际数学及科学研究大会上取得了数学素质测试第二名，科学素质测试第一名的好成绩，这与韩国课程的先进性是分不开的。现代意义上的韩国基础数学课程改革已进行了7次。从2000年起实施的第七次教育课程首次着限于“差别化课程（DC）”的实施。其主要特征是：⑴将基础教育时期分为2阶段；⑵DC分为“基于水平等级的差别化课程（LBDC）”，“扩展性与补充性差别化课程（ESDC）”以及“学科选择性差别化课程（SSDC）”3类。第七次数学教育课程改革在内容设置及评价方法上均有重要变化，这对克服东亚共有的考试文化障碍将有积极的意义。     

Facing Facts in U.S. Science and Mathematics Education: Where We Stand,Where We Want to Go

The Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) provides data that seems clearly important to science and mathematics education in the U.S. TIMSS gathered extensive data on curriculum, textbooks, teachers, and instructional practices in science and mathematics education and some of these data are presented and discussed. Eighth grade achievement data show the U.S. to be somewhat above average in science achievement but consistently average or below in mathematics. U.S. official curricula cover comparatively many topics and are relatively unfocused. U.S. science and mathematics textbooks typically take a cautious, inclusive approach keeping traditional content while adding new reform topics. They thus lack. Teachers, without guidance to help them focus, typically divide their attention among many topics. Empirically, there is little agreement in the U.S. on what is truly basic judging by common topics among curricula and textbooks. U.S. teaching, at least in mathematics, is teacher and moves among many different activities, failing to tell a coherent story. We must face these as we seek to find ways to become what we want to be in providing science and mathematics education.     

Could Elementary Mathematics Textbooks Help Give Attention to Reasons in the Classroom?

Trainee teachers, new and non-specialist teachers of elementary mathematics have a tendency to avoid thought about reasons in mathematics. Instead, they tend to favour the development of computational skill through the rote application of procedures, routines and algorithms. Could elementary mathematics textbooks serve as models of practice and support the professional development of these teachers? Eighteen such textbooks for use by 7 to 11-year-old children in England were examined for their potential to help teachers attend to reasons. It was found that they were unlikely to point teachers towards reasons for patterns and procedures. Although some had the potential to help in introducing and structuring a lesson, they were unlikely to induce the teacher to address matters of understanding in their discourse. Their implicit message tended to be that mathematics education is about computational skill development through routines, algorithms and practice.     

新课标视域下高中数学教学反思意识刍论

在高中数学教学中,教师应强化反思意识,以改进教学方法,激发学生学习兴趣,调动学生学习的积极性和主动性,提高教学效率和教学质量,提升学生核心素养。要反思教学观念,反思教学设计,反思教学过程,反思学习方法,反思教学效果,以反思促教改,以教改提效益,促进高中数学教学的发展。     

彰显数学意识:幼儿数学教学的诉求

幼儿园数学教育对幼儿数学意识的生成起着关键的作用。幼儿数学意识就是幼儿能直观感知、领会他们生活中的数、形及其关系，并能主动、自觉地感受和运用数、量、形、数学符号、简单的数学方法的态度和意识。镶嵌式数学教学是彰显幼儿数学意识教学的有效途径；问题、操作、挑战和兴趣是彰显幼儿数学意识教学的有效条件；宽容幼儿数学学习中的“不正确”行为是彰显幼儿数学意识教学的环境保障。     

Structuring Occasions

Within the mathematics education literature, the term constructivism has been subject to a diversity of interpretations, many of which are trivializations of original theoretical work. We suggest that trivialized versions of constructivism continue to be promulgated due, in large part,to misunderstandings of some of the vocabulary adopted by its advocates. This situation has been the source of considerable frustration in our ongoing efforts to communicate the insights and implications of radical and social constructivist theories to preservice and practicing teachers. We discuss some of the specifics of these frustrations along with strategies intended to flag and circumvent them in our work with teachers. The writing is structured around a set of recursively elaborated interpretations of a classroom episode. Developed around varied understandings of the terms structure and construct, these interpretations are intended to show how we have worked with teachers to foster a deep appreciation of how learning might be reframed as dependent on, rather than determined by, teaching.This revised version was published online in September 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

略论培养学生学习数学的兴趣

树立新型、正确的学生观是培养学生学习数学兴趣的前提．精心设计，组织教学：利用折纸拼图、电脑动画演示；引导学生体会数学中的关感均是培养学生学习数学兴趣的重要手段．     

数学教学与求知欲

在数学教学中,如何利用课本中的例题、习题来指导学生的数学学习,提高学生的求知欲与探索创造能力,是每一个数学教育工作者应该重视的问题.作者在数学教学中,通过启发引导、类比归纳等几方面的教学,较好地引起了学生学习数学的兴趣,激发了学生的求知欲,提高了教学质量.     

关于高等数学教学方法的探讨

作为高职院校更应重视高等数学课的教学和改革，要联系实际，进行变式教学；要突出过程训练，培养创新能力；要适当引伸，让数学课有趣、深刻，从而提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。     

中学数学主题情境教学

数学教学应当重视过程，数学主题情境教学的实践，就是让学生更多地参与思考、发现及创造的主动学习过程。教师应当着重于根据数学主题情境提出问题、引导控制学生思考讨论，寻找解决方法，从而完成相关知识的学习，使学生在创造中体会相关数学知识的基本思想方法及精神实质，增强自信，培养能力。