Liking to be liked: imitation,familiarity and pedagogy in the first years of life

This paper offers a review of the literature on the role of imitation in the earliest stages of social interaction between babies and familiar partners. The review focuses on the ways in which reciprocal imitation marks familiar relationships that provide special contexts for babies to engage actively and exuberantly in the construction of a shared culture. Because adults' perception of a baby's actions and intentions are filtered by the adult's experience of living within a particular culture, babies can obtain valuable information about this culture from the differences between what they do and how familiar adults respond to them. As they become increasingly interested in the social meaning of people's behaviour, infants also become more sensitive about how their own actions may be interpreted, showing pride and delight when their intentions are realised and embarrassed withdrawal when their efforts fail. When very young children are observed in unfamiliar contexts and when they are cared for and educated in professional settings, they may have relatively few opportunities for lively, joyful exchanges with reassuringly familiar partners and this can distort adults' perceptions of ‘normal’ infant behaviour. It is argued that adults' attentive interest in mutually enjoyable exchanges with young children is an important difference between humans and other apes and provides an essential foundation for pedagogy and for children's active participation in a shared culture.     

傻子,民族灵魂的透析——论《尘埃落定》的民族心性

藏族作家阿来的长篇小说《尘埃落定》自出版来一直受到评论家的热切关注。评家多数观点侧重其艺术表现技巧的分析。本文则以民族特色为支点,以心理学为主要研究方法,探讨了作品的灵魂人物傻子所表现的傻与聪明的社会———文化———心理机制。民族文化土壤造就了傻子多重人格与心态,透过傻子我们烛照到这个民族的性格心理。     

画龙点睛神光所聚 --论古典名篇中的"文眼"

我国古代文论中素有“文眼”之说。“文眼”乃“一篇之警策”，具有“揭全文之旨”的作用。在古典名篇中，“文眼”常见的三种基本格局是“或在篇首，或在篇中，或在篇末”。     

浅谈宁德蕉城市区配电网改造

经济快速发展和人民生活水平提高,用电需求迅速增长.分析了蕉城市区现有配电网设备及供电能力的现状,针对配电网存在的主要问题,提出改造配电网以满足需求、促进发展的措施.     

二十世纪九十年代我国区域经济发展不平衡性的测度及评价

本文综述了我国区域经济发展不平衡性测度的研究进展,采用多指标组合法和多指标合成法对二十世纪九十年代我国经济发展的不平衡性进行了多空间层次(省、市、区—三大地带—沿海与内地)、多角度(生产水平、收入水平、消费水平等)的分析与研究,从多个层面揭示了我国二十世纪九十年代经济发展不平衡性的动态变化。     

中学生余暇体育开展的研究

通过文献资料法，对中学生余暇体育的内涵、特点和作用进行了详细阐述，旨在通过了解目前我国中学生余暇体育开展的具体情况，进而探讨在素质教育影响下中学生余暇体育开展的途径。     

试论韩愈的"天人相乖"思想

韩愈的“天人相乖”思想和“祸善福淫”的天人感应观，既与主流的“福善祸淫”的天人感应观不同，又与传统的“天人相分”唯物主义哲学思想不同，在中国古代哲学史学独树一帜，并且具有独特的理论价值和现实指导意义。     

走向神性"大我"--史铁生回答"我是谁"

"我是谁"是人类文化的千古之谜,自古以来一直吸引人们去思考.史铁生以敏感而睿智的心灵参与了这一思考,并获得了颇具深度的独特见解.主要内容包括:"我"是一种结构,不但在生命的整体里,而且在世界所有的消息里;"我"可以分为"内我"与"外我","主我"与"客我","小我"与"大我";"大我"表现为精神或灵魂,与无限之在相连,与绝对价值相通,表现为博大的爱愿,简而言之即神性的我.     

Democratizing knowledge of teaching and learning through student leadership projects

ABSTRACT

The central focus of this multilayered educational action research project was three-fold: (1) to provide opportunities for public school student leadership activities grounded in participatory and youth participatory action research; (2) to support a group of teacher-researchers in practicing and innovating in participatory action research frameworks; (3) to practice linking an educational action research project in a local region to the larger movement for democratizing education knowledge production and dissemination. Project participants included 11 teacher-researchers, a staff-developer, a consultant, a university-based faculty member, and students in K-8 schools in the Lehigh Valley region of Eastern Pennsylvania USA. To move from a traditional top-down administrative and curricular decision- making model to a distributed and more democratic model of leadership, the team argues that (1) children must be permitted to play a leading role in their own learning, leading, and researching; (2) teacher offers significant advantages over traditional in-service based professional development models; and (3) in an era of increased deskilling and deprofessionalization, teachers must have the opportunity to reclaim their profession as they conduct research, create new knowledge, and share their findings publicly.     

一类非凸规划的数值解法

针对非凸规划，本引进一简单的惩罚函数将其局部凸化，然后用凸规划的方法求解。在此基础上，提出了一种数值解法，并证明它的收敛性。