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21.
Chao Xue Jian-Ping Liu Qing Li Jun-Fei Wu Shan-Qing Yang Qi Liu Cheng-Gang Shao Liang-Cheng Tu Zhong-Kun Hu Jun Luo 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(12):1803
The Newtonian gravitational constant G, which is one of the most important fundamental physical constants in nature, plays a significant role in the fields of theoretical physics, geophysics, astrophysics and astronomy. Although G was the first physical constant to be introduced in the history of science, it is considered to be one of the most difficult to measure accurately so far. Over the past two decades, eleven precision measurements of the gravitational constant have been performed, and the latest recommended value for G published by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) is (6.674 08 ± 0.000 31) × 10−11 m3 kg−1 s−2 with a relative uncertainty of 47 parts per million. This uncertainty is the smallest compared with previous CODATA recommended values of G; however, it remains a relatively large uncertainty among other fundamental physical constants. In this paper we briefly review the history of the G measurement, and introduce eleven values of G adopted in CODATA 2014 after 2000 and our latest two values published in 2018 using two independent methods. 相似文献
22.
陈志兰 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(3):315
地理信息系统的核心,就是获取数据。搜集精准数据,才能描画完备的测量图。为满足测量需求,应不断深入解析,提供实时特性的精准数据。获取的GIS数据,被用在野外范畴的测量之中。确认数据生成特有的路径,提升GIS测定的精准性,便利后续的导入数据。 相似文献
23.
Haicheng Li Yinji Ma Ziwei Liang Zhouheng Wang Yu Cao Yuan Xu Hua Zhou Bingwei Lu Ying Chen Zhiyuan Han Shisheng Cai Xue Feng 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(5):849
According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, an estimated 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, representing 31% of all global deaths. Continuous non-invasive arterial pressure (CNAP) is essential for the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is difficult to achieve long-term CNAP monitoring with the daily use of current devices due to irritation of the skin as well as the lack of motion artifacts suppression. Here, we report a high-performance skin-like optoelectronic system integrated with ultra-thin flexible circuits to monitor CNAP. We introduce a theoretical model via the virtual work principle for predicting the precise blood pressure and suppressing motion artifacts, and propose optical difference in the frequency domain for stable optical measurements in terms of skin-like devices. We compare the results with the blood pressure acquired by invasive (intra-arterial) blood pressure monitoring for >1500 min in total on 44 subjects in an intensive care unit. The maximum absolute errors of diastolic and systolic blood pressure were ±7/±10 mm Hg, respectively, in immobilized, and ±10/±14 mm Hg, respectively, in walking scenarios. These strategies provide advanced blood pressure monitoring techniques, which would directly address an unmet clinical need or daily use for a highly vulnerable population. 相似文献
24.
The field of educational measurement has evolved considerably since the first doctoral programs were established. In response, programs have typically tacked on courses that address newly developed theories, methods, tools, and techniques. As our review of current programs evidences, this approach produces artificial distinctions among topics and techniques that are in fact a tightly coupled whole. This position paper advocates a redesign of the scope and sequence for doctoral programs focused on the preparation of the next generations of educational measurement specialists; a redesign that reflects the full life‐cycle of instrument development and use. 相似文献
25.
阚国栋 《江苏广播电视大学学报》2007,18(3):49-51
测量不确定度GUM的评定与表示是一个较新的概念,其应用具有广泛性和实用性。用测量不确定度来表示测量误差的方法,是科技交流和国际贸易的迫切要求。它使各国进行的测量及其所得结果可以进行相互比对,以取得相互间的承认或共识,从而受到了国际组织和各国计量部门的高度重视。 相似文献
26.
[目的/意义]针对目前基于网络的话题识别与分析方法的局限性,提出针对网络问答社区的话题识别与分析方法,为此类网站的话题识别与分析提供参考。[方法/过程]以改进的中文分词技术为基础,构建网络问答社区的话题识别指标,通过线性加权方式计算权重,结合关键词提取方法确定话题关键词,对话题关注焦点进行提取,对分布情况进行测度。依据所提出的改进方法,以知乎网站为数据来源,从话题关键词、关键词分布以及热点子话题3个角度对"老年人"话题焦点进行识别与分析。[结果/结论]研究表明,该方法具有科学性和可行性,不仅拓展了社会问题的分析数据源,也为"积极开展应对人口老龄化行动"提供了决策依据。 相似文献
27.
QIU Yong-you KANG Shuang-yang PENG Yun-feng YANG Ping HUANG Zi-qiang 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(4):139-148
The purpose of the study concerns the measurement of worm’s helical angle by a coordinate measurement machine in the ambient industrial environment. The novel measurement method and sampling strategy were described firstly. This method used the coordinate measurement machine to measure both of the worm gear’s left and right surfaces. The worm surface was reconstructed based on the measured data of all the sampling points. Then a middle cylinder was established to truncate the fitted worm surfaces, and the truncated spiral lines were straightened to calculate the helical angle. The measurement uncertainty of worm’s helical angle was evaluated by taking the difference of calculated helical angles along the truncated spiral lines on both the left and right side surfaces of the worm. Twenty-four measurement experiments show that the maximum measurement error of the proposed method is 0.105, and the measurement error ratios are all less than 3.5?. The result means that the measurement method can realize the precision measurement of worm’s helical angle and can be employed in the generally industrial application. 相似文献
28.
傅师伟 《泉州师范学院学报》2004,22(6):39-44
分析现有几种凸轮升程误差测量方法的优、缺点后,提出一种基于图像处理的凸轮升程误差的非接触式测量新方法.理论分析和比较实验结果表明,该测量方法简便易行,测量精度较高,具有一定的应用价值. 相似文献
29.
Silvia Fantozzi Andrea Giovanardi Fabrício Anício Magalhães Rocco Di Michele Matteo Cortesi Giorgio Gatta 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(11):1073-1080
The analysis of the joint kinematics during swimming plays a fundamental role both in sports conditioning and in clinical contexts. Contrary to the traditional video analysis, wearable inertial-magnetic measurements units (IMMUs) allow to analyse both the underwater and aerial phases of the swimming stroke over the whole length of the swimming pool. Furthermore, the rapid calibration and short data processing required by IMMUs provide coaches and athletes with an immediate feedback on swimming kinematics during training. This study aimed to develop a protocol to assess the three-dimensional kinematics of the upper limbs during swimming using IMMUs. Kinematics were evaluated during simulated dry-land swimming trials performed in the laboratory by eight swimmers. A stereo-photogrammetric system was used as the gold standard. The results showed high coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) values, with median (first–third quartile) of 0.97 (0.93–0.95) and 0.99 (0.97–0.99) for simulated front-crawl and breaststroke, respectively. Furthermore, the joint angles were estimated with an accuracy increasing from distal to proximal joints, with wrist indices showing median CMC values always higher than 0.90. The present findings represent an important step towards the practical use of technology based on IMMUs for the kinematic analysis of swimming in applied contexts. 相似文献
30.
Daniel D. Bingham Silvia Costa Stacy A. Clemes Ash C. Routen Helen J. Moore Sally E. Barber 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(20):2005-2010
This study presents a worked example of a stepped process to reliably estimate the habitual physical activity and sedentary time of a sample of young children. A total of 299 children (2.9 ± 0.6 years) were recruited. Outcome variables were daily minutes of total physical activity, sedentary time, moderate to vigorous physical activity and proportional values of each variable. In total, 282 (94%) provided 3 h of accelerometer data on ≥1 day and were included in a 6-step process: Step-1: determine minimum wear-time; Step-2: process 7-day-data; Step-3: determine the inclusion of a weekend day; Step-4: examine day-to-day variability; Step-5: calculate single day intraclass correlation (ICC) (2,1); Step-6: calculate number of days required to reach reliability. Following the process the results were, Step-1: 6 h was estimated as minimum wear-time of a standard day. Step-2: 98 (32%) children had ≥6 h wear on 7 days. Step-3: no differences were found between weekdays and weekend days (P ≥ 0.05). Step-4: no differences were found between day-to-day variability (P ≥ 0.05). Step-5: single day ICC’s (2,1) ranged from 0.48 (total physical activity and sedentary time) to 0.53 (proportion of moderate to vigorous physical activity). Step-6: to reach reliability (ICC = 0.7), 3 days were required for all outcomes. In conclusion following a 7 day wear protocol, ≥6 h on any 3 days was found to have acceptable reliability. The stepped-process offers researchers a method to derive sample-specific wear-time criterion. 相似文献