Increasing school personnel's self-efficacy,knowledge, and response regarding nonsuicidal self-injury in youth

Rates of students engaging in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) are rising and additional supports in the schools are needed (Nock, 2010, Ann Rev Clin Psychol, 6, 339–363; Stargell et al., 2017, Prof Sch Couns, 21, 37-46). School psychologists, school counselors, and school nurses are key personnel in responding to self-injurious behaviors within the school setting. The results of a practice-based research project are described, in which school psychologists, school counselors, and school nurses participated in training to increase their self-efficacy, knowledge, and response in regard to NSSI. The training provided information regarding best practice in responding to NSSI in youth (Hasking et al., 2016, Sch Psychol Int, 37(6), 644–663; Kanan et al., 2008, Sch Psychol Forum: Res Prac, 2, 67–79; Walsh & Muehlenkamp, 2013, Sch Psychol Forum: Res Prac, 7, 161–171). This exploratory study indicated that training positively impacted participants' perceived self-efficacy and knowledge with respect to responding to youth who engage in NSSI. Handouts and resources for school-based staff are included. Limitations and future directions are discussed.     

移动数字阅读平台用户转移行为研究

[目的 /意义]我国的移动数字阅读市场规模逐渐扩大,商业性数字阅读平台用户数量不断增长,面对移动数字图书馆面临用户日益流失的情况,为此采用PPM理论模型探究用户从移动数字图书馆转移到商业性移动数字阅读平台的影响因素.[方法/过程]通过PPM理论模型,确定影响移动数字阅读平台用户转移行为的推力、拉力、锚定3个方面影响因素...     

黑龙江省中青年体育锻炼行为现状与成因探析

调查结果显示,黑龙江省中青年群体经常参与体育锻炼的人口偏低,锻炼以早上非正式体育场所最为集中,以散步、跑步、太极拳等简便易行项目为主。工作太累、没有余暇时间、缺少场地设施是影响其体育参与的主要因素。其成因主要体现在社区体育文化薄弱、经济收入水平低、体育锻炼行为习惯尚未形成等方面。     

Psychological complaints reported by sexually abused children during criminal investigations: Istanbul example

The present study aims at describing the psychological complaints reported, as a part of the criminal investigation process, by the victims of sexual abuse as a part of the criminal investigation process, without attempting at reaching a medical diagnosis; and it discusses the relation of these reports with variables such as victim's gender, age and relation to the offender, type and duration of abuse, and parental marital status of the victim. Data is obtained from the statements of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) victims under the age of 15, as taken by Istanbul Juvenile Justice Department between the years 2009 and 2012. The sample consists of 175 cases with a total of 202 victim statements. Through the use of content analysis, the main and sub-categories of themes of the statements were determined. By means of the evaluation of the psychological condition of victims, we evaluated them in two categories: psychological complaints including self-harm and risk taking behaviors and psychological complaints with no self-harm and risk taking behaviors. The statistical analyses yield significant relations between the psychological complaints and children's parental marital status. Analysis of initial statements of sexual abuse victims is important as it may greatly contribute to professionals diagnosing and treating psychological complaints of these victims. It is essential that victims of sexual abuse should receive immediate psychological support starting with the criminal investigation process.     

Child behaviors as a moderator: Examining the relationship between foster parent supports,satisfaction, and intent to continue fostering

Foster parents need access to supports and resources in order to be satisfied with their caregiving role and continue providing foster care services. However, they often experience multiple demands in their role as a substitute caregiver that could lead to stress. Child behaviors especially may be a significant factor when considering sources of strain and may be a potential risk factor for negative outcomes such as dissatisfaction or the decision to discontinue providing foster care. The purpose of this study was to examine whether child disruptive behaviors moderated or influenced the nature or strength of the relationship between foster parent supports and satisfaction as a caregiver as well as intent to continue fostering. The sample consisted of 155 licensed foster caregivers from across the United States. Child behaviors served as a significant moderator between some types of supports and satisfaction. Implications for future research, practice, and policy are discussed.     

A longitudinal investigation of protective factors for bereaved maltreated youth

BackgroundMaltreated youth are at an elevated risk for the development of problem behaviors. Coping with the death of a family member or close friend during adolescence, referred to as bereavement, is a stressful event that could potentiate risk linked to maltreatment. However, developmental research suggests that youth adjustment is a product of multiple risk and protective factors. Although maltreated youth who experience loss may be particularly vulnerable to behavior problems, personal and contextual factors may attenuate or exacerbate youths’ risk for internalizing and externalizing psychopathology.ObjectiveThe overarching goal of this study is to examine individual, family, and community-level protective factors for maltreated youth who experience bereavement. Specifically, we aim to examine the effect of age 12 bereavement on age 16 internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and to investigate the moderating role of multi-level protective factors at ages 14 and 16.MethodsThe study consisted of a sample of 800 youth (52.4% female, 45.1% African-American) drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN), collected from 1998 to 2011.ResultsMaltreated youth who experienced significant loss were at increased risk for externalizing symptoms, compared to non-bereaved maltreated youth (β = 0.085, p < .05). Individual future orientation (β = 0.103, p < .05) family future orientation (β = −0.120, p < .05), parental monitoring (β = −0.123, p< .01), and neighborhood collective efficacy (β = −0.126, p < .01) each significantly moderated the association between bereavement and externalizing symptoms.ConclusionsThese results have implications for future interventions aimed towards reducing problem behaviors in adolescents with a history of child maltreatment and who experience bereavement.     

Associations between individual and collective efficacy beliefs and students' bystander behavior

This study examined whether defending and passive bystanding during peer victimization episodes were associated with individual- and classroom-level efficacy to stop peer victimization. Self-report survey data were analyzed from 1,467 Swedish fourth-grade students (mean age = 10.55) from 100 classrooms in 63 schools. Multilevel analyses revealed that, when witnessing peer victimization, students more often defended victims if they were high in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms high in collective efficacy. In contrast, students were more likely to remain passive if they were low in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms low in collective efficacy. Taken together, our findings suggest that efficacy beliefs both at the individual and at the classroom level contribute to explaining variability in students' bystander behaviors, which has potential implications for prevention and intervention work.     

我国产业集群升级的政府行为研究综述及展望

从产业集群升级的内部和外部途径两个方面,分析了近年来时于产业集群升级中政府的政策响应、不同产业集群类型、产业集群不同升级阶段的政府行为的研究状况,认为在我国产业集群升级不同阶段的政府行为研究上不够深入,内部升级的宏观政策方面研究过多,不具体,可操作性不强.不同类型产业集群升级的不同阶段研究缺乏系统性,而且理论性不强.提出今后应加大不同文化背景下,多类型、多途径产业集群升级的政府行为实证研究和基于全球价值链的不同类型的产业集群,不同升级方式的政府行为研究.     

基于读者调查的电子版学术文献阅读情况分析

互联网的普及、学术出版的电子化和电子资源的海量化以及搜索引擎的“无所不能”,学术文献以纸张和磁盘两种载体并行传播,我们处在纸质文献和电子文献并行的时代。这导致了读者阅读学术文献的行为和习惯发生了改变。文章试图通过比对相关调查所提供的数据,分析目前纸质文献和电子文献并行的时代里科研人员在阅读电子版学术文献时的一些行为方式,并且分析这种阅读行为方式的改变对科学研究以及对学术图书馆的影响。该文为2009年第四期“数字时代的阅读专题”文章之一。     

等规聚丙烯/炭黑等温结晶过程中流变与导电行为的关联与同步测试

采用流变-导电行为同步测试方法,研究了等规聚丙烯(iPP)/炭黑(CB)复合体系的等温结晶行为,发现当CB体积含量φCB远高于渗流转变上限时,其体系的流变行为与导电性能均在某一特征时间处发生突变,电阻突变的特征时间短于动态储能模量(G′)或法向应力(FN)突变的特征时间,表明结晶诱导期存在CB粒子运动,促使CB粒子在晶粒尺寸增长期形成渗流网络;另一方面,与静态方法相比较,动态方法所测特征时间较短,表明动态方法对体系结晶结构变化的响应较静态方法更为灵敏.