What the West could learn from the East: a reflective analysis

Drawing on Lugones’ ideas of world traveling, Dewey’s notion of education as experience, and Greene’s vision of seeing small/seeing big, this article inquires into lives lived in an Eastern educational milieu with attention reflectively paid to what educators in the West could learn from those in the East. Rather than focusing on mega narratives largely created by policy-makers and derived from accumulations of theory and/or political decision-making, this practical research in the reflective vein takes a ‘big’ look at three ‘small stories’ that emerged in a narrative inquiry we conducted in a Chinese elementary school and imagines their portability to Western educational contexts. Reflective attention is specifically paid to: (1) teaching without words, (2) principal images, and (3) shared responsibility for failure. What these small stories from our narrative inquiry research might disrupt, if introduced to Western educational settings, is especially taken up.     

对农村居民医疗保障问题的思考

农村居民的医疗保障存在不少问题 ,应采取必要的一些政策性措施 :加强对农村的医疗卫生投入和预防保健 ,完善合作医疗 ,以及其他形式的农村医疗保障形式。     

Reasons for suboptimal learning in medical microbiology

Medical microbiology presents a challenge to undergraduate students, mostly due to its extensive content and complexity of unfamiliar terminology. In addition to a narrative review of the literature, we report findings on students’ motivation for and approach to learning in the Infections module of an undergraduate medical curriculum, and their perceived lack of retention of knowledge acquired in the module, as determined by a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire. When students experienced information overload, they reverted to performance goals and the wrong motivation for learning. Their focus turned primarily to being successful in tests and examinations, and they consequently adopted a surface approach to learning. Surface learning and memorisation of facts without understanding its content usually result in moderate retention of knowledge, which could handicap the development of clinical reasoning. However, the concern about students’ perceived poor retention of knowledge can be laid to rest – the prognosis is not discouraging after all.     

英语口译教学与学习能力的培养

口译作为即席性很强的言语交际活动,要求译员具备较高的综合素质,因此口译教学在传授口译理论、知识、技巧的同时,更重要的是提高学生的学习热情、培养学生的学习能力,如较强的心理承受能力、出色的记忆能力、表达能力和交际能力、综合性语言(母语和外语)操作能力、拥有广博知识的能力和严格遵守职业操守的能力等。因此口译教学不但对巩固学生的外语水平起到特殊的作用,还可对提高大学生的综合素质推进素质教育起到促动作用。     

海德格尔：从“语言说”到解释学解释

海德格尔一反传统的语言观,认为语言是区分在场和在场者二者纯一性之二重性的寂静之音,人应合语言之说而道说,诗是人之纯粹所说。海德格尔认为,语言规定着解释学关联,解释是带来存在真理之音信和消息的展示。海德格尔的解释学在根本上有别于施莱尔马赫、狄尔泰、加达默尔的解释学。如果说施莱尔马赫的解释学是方法论的,那么,海德格尔意义的解释学则是存在论的。狄尔泰的解释是对生命体验的表达的解释,海德格尔的解释学意义则是存在消息的带来和保存。加达默尔的解释强调对神的消息的翻译,而海德格尔则强调对存在真理的倾听。     

《老古玩店》的生态批评解读

生态批评理论是西方最新出现的一种文学批评潮流。文章从生态批评理论这一崭新的视角,结合生态批评要旨,对狄更斯《老古玩店》进行生态批评解读。狄更斯对工业与科技批判、欲望批判,重返与自然的和谐体现了他的绿色思维和生态思想。     

Impact of Anatomy Boot Camp on Students in a Medical Gross Anatomy Course

Lincoln Memorial University‐DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine (LMU‐DCOM) offers an optional three‐week summer Anatomy Boot Camp course (ABC) to facilitate students' transition into medical school and promote retention of anatomy subject matter. The pre‐matriculation program is a supplemental instruction course that utilizes a small group learning format. Boot camp instruction is led by teaching assistants and two anatomy professors. Enrollees gain early exposure to Medical Gross Anatomy (MGA) course subject matter, which is taught in the fall semester, and learn study skills necessary to excel in medical school. No grade is assigned for the course, therefore participants can study without the fear of potentially affecting grades. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the LMU‐DCOM ABC course using data from four consecutive summers. Independent two‐sample t‐tests were used to compare ABC to non‐ABC students for the following variables: incoming grade point average (GPA) and Medical College Admission Test® (MCAT®) scores, MGA written and laboratory practical examination grades, and final MGA course grade. Additionally, a 26‐question survey was administered to 2012–2014 boot camp participants. There were no significant differences in incoming GPA and MCAT scores. However, boot campers scored significantly higher on the first two lecture and laboratory examinations (P < 0.05) for each year of the study. Thereafter scores varied less, suggesting a faster head start for boot camp participants. Mean MGA final grade was on average 3% higher for the boot camp cohort. The survey feedback supports that the ABC course assists with the academic and social transition into medical school. Anat Sci Educ 10: 215–223. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.     

医学生的个性特征对学习成绩的影响

该研究的目的在于研究与其他专业的学生相比，医学生的个性特征中哪种更典型，更能影响医学生的临床前期课程学习。1997年，有785名学生进入了弗兰米西地区的大学学习医学，其中631名学生(占80．4％)进行了个性五因素的测定量表(NEO-PI-R表)测量，914名捷特大学其它7个专业的一年级学生也做了同样的测量。该研究还调查了这些医学生的期末成绩，第一学年有607名，第二学年413名，第三学年341名。结果表明，医学生的“外倾性”和“随和性”因素分值最高，“责任心”因素对临床前期的学习成绩的预测作用很大，“责任心”因素分值低而具有“社交”、“冒险”个性特征的学生更有可能无法通过考试。     

朱熹对"以意逆志"的诠释及运用

“以意逆志”是一种传统的解释方法，它源于孟子，经过东汉赵岐与北宋孙炎的丰富和发展，成熟于南宋朱熹。朱氏认为“逆”是一种复杂的等待方式，“以意逆志”既是一种诠释方法，也是一种读书方法；“以意逆志”的运用，解决了很多经注的实际问题。     

论医疗责任事故中的违反注意义务标准

“违反医疗中的注意义务”是医疗过失的本质。违反注意义务的判断标准在刑法理论上分歧较大。英美法系存在着客观说与主客观统一说之分,大陆法系存在着主观说、客观说、折中说之分,而中国刑法学则存在着主观说与主客观统一说之分。通过对医疗过失中违反注意义务标准的比较研究,提出客观注意的主观化标准学说。