浅析中国古代书院与西方中世纪大学之异同简

中国古代书院和西方中世纪大学在高等教育的发展史上具有划时代的意义.通过对两者的分析比较以获得对现代大学制度的一些有益的启示.     

中世纪大学的教师薪俸制

本文主要考察中世纪大学教师薪俸制度的演变.在激烈的生存竞争中,作为学术性行会的中世纪大学形成了诸多富有创新意义的制度,教师薪俸制度就是其中之一.这些制度影响了大学的历史发展,并成为后世现代大学制度的组织基础和精神源泉.     

Christian ethos secondary schools,parental church attendance and student attitude towards Christianity: exploring connections in England and Wales

ABSTRACT

This study employs multi-level linear statistical modelling to examine the power of school-level and individual-level factors to predict individual differences in scores recorded on the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity by 6,036 students (who self-identified as either Christian or no religion) in year-seven, year-eight, year-nine, year-ten, and year-eleven classes within 10 Christian ethos secondary schools. The data demonstrate the complex relationships between school admission policies, parental church attendance (PCA), and the students’ age and sex. Overall PCA emerges as a decisive factor in promoting a positive attitude toward Christianity among students. Christian ethos schools may wish to give greater attention to the importance of parental religiosity in maintaining the Christian ethos of these schools.     

中世纪大学特许状(章程)的特点及变革

中世纪欧洲大学的特许状(章程),对大学的发展起了重要的作用。它们的主要特点包括:特许状或大学章程的制定主体极为权威,赋予大学身份合法化,用多种特权保障大学自治和学术自由,明确大学内部管理体制。但之后这些特许状(章程)出现了一些变化:许多特权被剥夺,办学理念日益完善,内部管理体制革新。     

Literacy in church and family sites through the eyes of Samoan children in New Zealand

Samoan school children living in New Zealand were given disposable cameras and asked to photograph examples of the uses of reading and writing outside the school. Interviewed later, they explained their photographs including information about literacy in church and family. Rote learning and oral presentation of biblical texts that were read and committed to memory were characteristic of church literacy and supported by practices in the home as Shirley Brice Heath and others have reported. The purpose is closely connected to maintenance of Samoan culture and survival of the language. However, it was found that older siblings introduced school ways of learning to younger family members and that church literacy involved techniques for understanding and assessment that were similar to those of the school. It is asked whether the disparity in measured literacy performance of Samoan people is the consequence of a mismatch between church and family literacy and the literacy of the school.     

多元权力与法治——以中世纪西欧为例

西欧中世纪广泛存在的多种竞争性权力。势均力敌的局势既迫使权力享有者循法而治,又为人类选择有利自身的利益格局和相应的法权表达形式提供了重要条件。这种宝贵的体验成为西方社会法治传统的重要资源。这对中国法治的建设具有重要的参考价值．     

一座民族和声学习的桥梁——从巴赫371首众赞歌和声风格谈起

关于民族和声的学习,大都基于传统功能和声学习后,结合现代技法,对此进行民族调式和传统和声的结合,而尚无从传统功能和声产生的源头进行学习的,本文从对巴赫《371首众赞歌》的和声风格介绍,以及中古调式和民族调式的相似之处出发,提出对巴赫《371首众赞歌》的学习,是一个追根溯源的好途径。     

租界、教会与近代中国的秘密社会

鸦片战争以来，西方资本主义国家通过条约制度在沿海、沿江通商口岸建立租界租借地以及在更广阔的乡村腹地建立教会，分割了清政府对社会的管辖权力，造成了管理上的混乱，导致近代秘密社会发展的一个重要原因。     

早期基督教美术中的女信徒形象

女信徒形象是早期基督教时期极为常见的女性题材之一。借助于图像载体,一方面考察了女信徒形象的宗教和社会功能,是由于基督教倡导男女平等的思想,诞生初期的基督教得到了罗马社会中许多女性尤其是下层女性的追随;另一方面,比较出基督教后期存在的反女性的思想根源,是因为受到了犹太教的原罪思想和希腊化哲学的影响。     

中西传统丧葬习俗差异的文化解析

葬礼仪式作为人类文化重要的一部分,其历史同人类文明一样古老.东、西方之间在丧葬习俗上存在的巨大差异基于它们对死亡有着各自不同的理解和诠释.从儒家思想、基督教、宗族和教会的角度可以解析中西各具特色的丧葬习俗形顾的文化内因.