心理反抗与肉身逃亡——朱湘留美肄业归国的心理原因探析

朱湘是中国现代文学史上留学生中的异类,他没有取得学位便提前回国,以往的学者对此的研究多停留于外在事实层面,而忽略了诗人心理世界的独特性。从朱湘的应激心理、孤独心理和性爱心理三个方面入手分析诗人留学期间的心理状态,以探求其肄业归国的内在动因。     

Child and family traumatic stress intervention (CFTSI) reduces parental posttraumatic stress symptoms: A multi-site meta-analysis (MSMA)

BackgroundFollowing traumatization, caregiver support is a crucial factor contributing to children's successful management of posttraumatic reactions and their recovery. Caregivers who have been traumatically impacted themselves, however, may be compromised in this posttraumatic caregiving role. Although there are a number of evidence-based child trauma treatments that are effective in reducing children's trauma symptoms, the impact of child treatment on participating caregiver's posttraumatic symptoms (PTS) has received less attention.ObjectiveExplore PTS reduction caregivers experience through participation in their child's evidence-based trauma-focused mental health treatment.Participants and setting640 Child-Caregiver dyads referred for the Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention (CFTSI) following formal disclosure of abuse in a Child Advocacy Center (CAC).MethodsData were collected from 10 community treatment sites trained in CFTSI. A multi-site meta-analytic approach was used to evaluate pooled and site-specific therapeutic effect sizes for caregivers and children.ResultsCFTSI was associated with significant changes (Hedge's g = 1.17, Child-rated; g = 0.66, caregiver-rated) in children's PTS and with clinically meaningful improvements in PTS for 62% of participating caregivers who had started CFTSI with clinical levels of PTS as measured by the Post Traumatic Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C). The overall mean PCL-C change (9.31, SD = 12.9) in paired, pre-post PCL-C scores is close to a clinically meaningful change of 10 or higher. There was a robust moderate pooled effect size (g = 0.70, N = 640, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe value of a reduction in caregiver PTS as a secondary outcome of children's trauma-focused treatment is discussed.     

Emotional and behavior problems in adopted children – The role of early adversities and adoptive parents’ regulation and behavior

BackgroundEarly adversity and negative experiences in the adoptive family can put adopted children at risk for emotional and behavior problems.ObjectiveThis study analyzes the influence of children’s preadoptive history and adoptive parents’ characteristics on the psychosocial adjustment of nationally and internationally adopted children in Germany.Participants and settingThe survey included 172 adopted children aged between 24 and 145 months and their adoptive parents.MethodsParents provided information about preadoptive history. Information about emotional and behavior problems was obtained from the parental version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parental well-being was obtained through a composite score of three standardized measures (self-efficacy questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale PSS-4, Brief Symptom Inventory BSI); parenting behavior was assessed with the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (DEAPQ).Results12.5% of the adopted children scored in the clinical range of the SDQ. In a multiple regression analysis, the experience of maltreatment and neglect was the most important predictor of emotional and behavior problems at time of assessment, followed by pre- and perinatal risk and parental stress regulation difficulties, R² = .423, F(4, 128) = 28.539. Increases in the number of risk factors present were associated with a greater odd of children scoring in the clinical range of the SDQ.ConclusionsMost of the nationally and internationally adopted children in this sample were well-adjusted. Prenatal and preadoptive risk as well as stress regulation capacities of the main caregiver contributed to the child’s development. An accumulation of risks increased the likelihood of adjustment problems in adopted children.     

城市化进程中失地农民心理适应问题论析

失地农民进入城市会面临某些心理不适问题,具体表现在居住变化、经济压力、就业不足与保障不力等导致的心理不安、焦虑与抵触失衡心理,以及社会交往产生的封闭自卑心理、城市认同感欠缺与市民意识缺失等。心理不适问题的产生既与城市体制性因素以及城市居民的偏见与歧视有关,也与失地农民自身人力资本不足、农村传统文化的持续影响有关。应该从物质层面做好就业与保障工作、从社会文化层面扭转生活方式与价值观念以及从个体心理层面构建心理调适机制来实现失地农民心理适应。     

学术论文中英汉自我提及语的差异性

中英自我提及语(I,we,我,我们)的使用差异显著:英美学者倾向于使用自我提及语单数,且使用现在时、完成时、情态动词较多,体现出他们与读者进行交流、协商的态度;而中国学者受制于传统观念,集体意识较强,所以在学术语篇中羞于使用自我提及语,即使使用也大多用复数形式,从而造成个人观点表述力度较弱,不利于与读者沟通。     

高职大学生父母教养方式现状及策略研究

父母教养方式对子女的身心健康发展有着最为直接和密切的影响,对高职大学生的心理健康水平有着重要影响,应积极努力构造学生主体、家庭、学校、社会的四位一体的全员育人系统,从而为探索合理的高职大学生家庭教育模式提供良好的架构平台。     

积极心理学理论下心理健康课堂的定位与特质

就心理健康教育而言,方法和途径尽管多种多样,但心理健康教育的主渠道始终是课堂教学。根据积极心理学理论,建构致力于培养学生积极人格的心理健康课堂,是开展积极心理健康教育的重中之重。积极心理学理论下的心理健康课堂需定位于学生积极品质的开发与培养,具备追求积极的课堂价值取向,活动导向的课堂教学思维,直通生活的课堂教学内容,正向多元的课堂反馈机制的课堂特质。     

生命教育理念融入“大学生心理健康教育”课的组织与实施

本文分析高校加强生命教育的原因,指出心理健康教育课程中加强生命教育的作用与意义,并从心理知识、教学方法、心理教师、课程考核上的融入四个方面提出生命教育理念融入心理健康教育课的方法。     

写作的心理治疗与辅导:功能、原理及其应用

写作具有宣泄、抚慰、重构认知功能,从而在心理治疗中发挥着独特的作用。写作治疗的基本原理包括:降低压力经验的通达性,减少闯入记忆;形成叙事连贯,达到因果认识与领悟;对事件整合和重构,建构另种生活故事;把问题外化。写作治疗与辅导中的治疗性写作主要包括了日记、信件、自传和主题写作等类型。     

大学生心理健康教育的现状和对策

近年来,大学生心理健康教育工作得到较大的推进和提高,但还存在一些问题。针对这些问题,应从提高心理健康教育的科学性和有效性,以预防和发展为主,大力开展心理健康教育工作,积极构建心理疾病预防和危机干预机制,建设专业化的大学生心理健康教育队伍等方面入手,切实改进和加强大学生心理健康教育工作。