Social Guarantee Programme: principles for classroom procedure with students who have suffered failure at school – the Spanish educational system case

The article explores the Social Guarantee Programmes, one measure at attending to diversity within the Spanish educational system. It is an alternative measure that aims to break away from the organisational structure of Obligatory Secondary Education, seeking an organisational model and educational strategies that pursue satisfactory results through motivation, interest and the recovery of the student’s self‐esteem. The article presents the obtained results following ethnographic case study methodology. The research was performed in a secondary education school in a town in the province of Cadiz, Andalusia, Spain. The group chosen suffered significant learning difficulties and problems in adapting to schools. Our intention was to analyse and understand the relevant educational practices in the context of these programmes, since they were so innovative in nature.     

诱导对空间顿悟问题解决影响的眼动研究

以空间顿悟问题四点、九点问题为实验材料,采用学习——测试的实验范式,探讨诱导对顿悟问题解决的影响。结果发现:与无诱导组被试相比,诱导组被试问题解决的成绩更好;与动态的视觉诱导相比,静态视觉强诱导条件下被试问题解决的成绩更好。突出解决问题关键特殊成分的诱导,不但激活了被试头脑中原型,而且还给被试提供了一个具身的物理机制,促发顿悟解答的感知模拟。     

Futsal task constraints promote transfer of passing skill to soccer task constraints

This study investigated how learning a passing skill with futsal or soccer task constraints influenced transfer to a new task. Futsal (n?=?24, 13.6?±?1.2 years old, 7.0?±?1.6 years of experience) and soccer (n?=?24, 13.6?±?1.2 years old, 6.8?±?1.2 years of experience) players performed two 5v5?+?goalkeeper modified games – a futsal-like task (small playing area with the futsal ball) and soccer-like task (large playing area with the soccer ball). Participants’ passing accuracy and their orientation of attention were assessed during the two tasks. The futsal group improved their passing accuracy (ES?=?0.75?±?0.61) from the futsal-like to the soccer-like task, and they were more accurate than soccer players (ES?=?2.98?±?2.96). Conversely, the soccer group’s passing accuracy remained stable across the two tasks (ES?=?0.10?±?0.52) and it was similar to the futsal group in the futsal-like task (ES?=?0.58?±?1.93). This indicates a higher magnitude of transfer (and adaptability) from performing passes in a small playing area with short time to act – futsal task constraints – to a larger playing area with longer time – soccer task constraints – than vice-versa. Furthermore, the futsal group showed a higher adaptation of attention orientation to the affordances that emerged with the soccer task constraints, which is suggested to be one of the main mechanisms promoting skill transfer. These results encourage soccer practitioners to introduce futsal task constraints to fast-track players’ ability to functionally adapt perception–action coupling.     

Effects of online synchronous instruction with an attention monitoring and alarm mechanism on sustained attention and learning performance

Many studies have shown that learners’ sustained attention strongly affects e-learning performance, particularly during online synchronous instruction. This work thus develops a novel attention monitoring and alarm mechanism (AMAM) based on brainwave signals to improve learning performance via monitoring the attention state of individual learners and helping online instructors or teaching assistants to improve the sustained attention levels of learners with low-attention states as they perform online synchronous instruction activities. Totally, 83 and 65 Grade 7 students were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups that respectively underwent online synchronous instruction with and without AMAM support. Analytical results reveal that the experimental group of learners exhibited significantly better learning performance and sustained attention than those in the control group, verifying that the AMAM efficiently promotes the learning performance and sustained attention of learners. Moreover, the proposed AMAM was more helpful in improving the learning performance of female learners than those of male learners and improved the sustained attention of both male and female learners. Furthermore, the sustained attention, frequency of attention alarms, and learning performance of the learners in the experimental group were strongly correlated, and the sustained attention and frequency of attention alarms strongly predicted learning performance.     

Adventure education as aesthetic experience

This study is an investigation of what happens to participants during their adventure education (AE) experiences and the meanings they ascribe to those experiences. These topics were explored through the qualitative framework of educational connoisseurship and criticism at three sites: a backpacking expedition, a challenge course and a multi-activity adventure programme. Through 183 hours of observation and 74 interviews with 41 participants, the qualities of AE as aesthetic experience were revealed. This conception of AE experience is characterised through sensory encounters, full attention and aesthetic paradox. Findings are supported with the voices of participants, and the significance of this conception of AE experience is discussed.     

建筑节能工程质量监督中应注意的问题

依据工作实际,总结了在节能工程质量监督中积累的几点经验,阐述了重点对建设单位质量行为、建筑节能材料和节能实体质量的监督,提出了加强节能监督的预控能力,指出了《建筑节能工程施工质量验收规范》实施后与《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》的衔接问题,对于广大从事一线质量监督人员具有一定的借鉴意义。     

关于词牌及其英译方法的探索

阐述了词牌的源流和类型,归纳了词牌英译的四种基本方法和两点注意事项,分析了不同英译方法的利弊得失。     

A video structural similarity quality metric based on a joint spatial-temporal visual attention model

Objective video quality assessment plays a very important role in multimedia signal processing. Several extensions of the structural similarity （SSIM） index could not predict the quality of the video sequence effectively. In this paper we propose a structural similarity quality metric for videos based on a spatial-temporal visual attention model. This model acquires the motion attended region and the distortion attended region by computing the motion features and the distortion contrast. It mimics the visual attention shifting between the two attended regions and takes the burst of error into account by introducing the non-linear weighting fimctions to give a much higher weighting factor to the extremely damaged frames. The proposed metric based on the model renders the final object quality rating of the whole video sequence and is validated using the 50 Hz video sequences of Video Quality Experts Group Phase I test database.     

基于多注意力的多变量时间序列特征选择方法

特征选择是避免维度诅咒的一种数据预处理技术。在多变量时间序列预测中,为了同时找到与问题相关性最大的变量及其对应时延,提出一种基于多注意力的有监督特征选择方法。该方法利用带有注意力模块和学习模块的深度学习模型,将原始二维时间序列数据正交分割成两组一维数据,分别输入两个不同维度的注意力生成模块,得到特征维度和时间维度的注意权重。两个维度的注意力权值点积叠加作为全局注意力得分进行特征选择,作用于原始数据后输入随学习模块训练不断更新至收敛。实验结果表明,所提出的方法在特征数小于10时可达到全量数据训练效果,与现有几种基线方法相比实现了最佳准确率。     

Attention Demands of Precision Pistol-Shooting as a Function of Skill Level

This study provided initial validity evidence for multidimensional measures of coaching competency derived from the Coaching Competency Scale (CCS). Data were collected from intercollegiate men's (n = 8) and women's (n = 13) soccer and women's ice hockey teams (n = 11). The total number of athletes was 585. Within teams, a multidimensional internal model was retained in which motivation, game strategy, technique, and character building comprised the dimensions of coaching competency. Some redundancy among the dimensions was observed. Internal reliabilities ranged from very good to excellent. Practical recommendations for the CCS are given in the Discussion section.