Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Alternative Computer Game for the Coincidence-Anticipation Timing Task

The coincidence-anticipation timing (CAT) task assesses one facet of cognitive and motor performance and is used to understand the human visuo-motor system involved in intercepting the moving object. To assess the test–retest reliability and the concurrent validity in the Bridge Games package (Bridge) developed to assess the CAT task, the scores of 224 healthy subjects (M = 52.2, SD = 19.5 years old) were measured using the Bridge and the ‘gold standard’ Bassin Anticipation Timer (Bassin). A mean block of absolute, constant, and variable errors was calculated. Reliability and validity were expressed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC_2,k), standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change, and Pearson’s correlation. Reliability was good to excellent for all blocks (.73 ≤ ICC ≤ .88), and the validity was good to excellent when compared using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, suggesting that the two tests may have similar properties. Bridge is an alternative to existing clinical tests for the CAT task.     

Components of attack response inhibition in fencing: Components of attack response inhibition in fencing

Applying the Go/No-Go paradigm to fencing, we investigated the relationship between the moment at which the No-Go signal appeared after a movement had been initiated and the time required by fencers to suppress the motor execution of a step-lunge. Secondarily, we determined a time threshold from which movement inhibition results in an error. The No-Go stimulus was represented by a real attack movement. 18 elite fencers and a fencing master were included in the study. Four force plates measured the horizontal components of the fencer's and master's reaction forces, which were used to calculate the time components of the attack and the response inhibition process. Also, the velocity and displacement of the master's and fencer's respective centres of mass were estimated using inverse dynamics. In all cases, cognitive inhibition processes were completed after the onset of movement. Movement time was calculated using four time components (muscle activation, muscle deactivation, transition and braking time). The results obtained revealed that cognitive processes were not significantly affected by the timing of the appearance of the No-Go signal. In contrast, movement time and its time components tended to decrease when the time delay between the No-Go stimulus and the onset of the fencer's movement increased. In conclusion, any attempt to withhold an attack movement when it has already started leads to an error that increases the risk of being hit by the opponent, especially when attack is inhibited within 150?ms after the movement has started.     

The Attention Window: A Narrative Review of Limitations and Opportunities Influencing the Focus of Attention

Purpose: Visual attention is essential in many areas ranging from everyday life situations to the workplace. Different circumstances such as driving in traffic or participating in sports require immediate adaptation to constantly changing situations and frequently the conscious perception of 2 objects or scenes at the same time. Method: The attention window task, a measure of attentional breadth, in which people must attend to 2 equally attention-demanding stimuli simultaneously, was introduced. This article provides a narrative review of studies using this task and outlines different factors that might influence the attention window. Results: Differences in the spatial distribution of attention result, for example, from effects of age or physical activities as well as from emotional processes and those affected by current motivation, while gender does not have any influence. The window is represented as an ellipse with greater attentional breadth along the horizontal axis than the vertical axis, and it is about 5 to 6 times smaller than the human visual field. Conclusion: Not only everyday occurrences but also situations in sport games—for example, having an overview of the opponent, teammates, and the ball—require the ability to pay visual attention to 2 peripheral objects and continuously changing situations. Therefore, the application or avoidance of different strategies and factors is discussed to improve and adjust behavior in those situations.     

基于胶囊网络的海量指纹纹型精准分类算法

指纹识别作为"物证之首"一直被认为是最可靠的生物特征识别方法，目前已经广泛应用在刑事侦查、居民身份认定及核实等领域。这类应用的特点在于需将待识别指纹与海量指纹数据库中的全部指纹做快速比对，以确定该枚指纹所有人的身份。为了提高指纹识别速度，海量指纹数据库会按照纹型拆分成若干类，待识别指纹仅和同类指纹做逐一比对。随着指纹采集相关的法律生效，近几年指纹数据库规模迅速扩大。一方面库内同类纹型的图像差异性显著增加，另一方面不同类指纹图像的相似性也在增加，指纹分类算法误分率大幅增加。"海量指纹纹型精准分类问题"迅速成为公安应用及指纹识别领域研究的热点。针对上述问题，提出一种基于胶囊网络的指纹纹型精准分类模型Cap-FingerNet。该模型一方面将胶囊网络独有的网络特性与指纹图像特有的自相似纹理特征相结合，可构成更为鲁棒的特征提取器及分类器。新引入的Batch-Normalization方法还可避免典型胶囊网络易于出现"梯度消失"的不足。另一方面，引入注意力胶囊机制，使得Cap-FingerNet较典型胶囊网络更准确且全面地提取出指纹图像细节信息，并使用全局压缩算法对胶囊进行有效挤压。Cap-FingerNet模型在某公安刑侦指纹数据库的4分类纹分类上获得99.63%的极高准确率，并在国际公开指纹数据集NIST-DB04的纹型4分类和5分类任务上分别测得96.25%和94.5%的准确率，取得了目前文献中最好成绩。     

掌握注意规律 提高体育教学质量

本文剖析了注意的内涵、在体育教学中影响学生注意的因素,阐述了掌握注意规律,提高体育教学质量的有效途径。     

试论体育教学中运动损伤及预防措施

现如今体育运动越来越受到重视,学校体育活动也随之增多,学生也更加喜欢体育运动。体育教学在素质教育中发挥着越来越重要的作用,但常常因缺乏一定的运动卫生知识和出现运动损伤后的应急措施,受伤后往往造成不必要的痛苦。虽然我们不能完全杜绝运动损伤,但我们至少可以通过努力预防或者减少它的发生,这是每个体育工作者所不得不面对的问题。分析体育教学中产生运动损伤的原因和一般规律是极其有意义和必要的。     

中国节能政策注意力变迁研究——基于中央政策文本的量化分析

【目的】本文旨在探讨改革开放以来中国节能政策注意力变迁过程,揭示节能政策的内在规律与特征,为今后节能政策的制定和优化提供政策建议,以提升政府节能减排整体工作水平。【方法】以1978—2021年中央政府发布的节能政策文本为研究对象,从注意力强度、注意力广度和发文主体合作度3个维度构建分析框架,通过文本计量刻画中国节能政策注意力变迁的阶段特征,采用PMC指数模型对4项抽样政策文本进行评价,并剖析其注意力变化特征。【结果】中国节能政策注意力强度呈现出倒U型发展趋势,后期注意力强度不够突出;注意力广度从逐步扩大转为回落态势,关注内容与现阶段节能目标的结合不够;发文主体合作度从较为分散的合作发文状态转为集中合作状态,但合作主体仅集中在少数部门。4项样本节能政策的PMC指数分别为6.21、6.36、7.52、7.83,两项可接受,两项良好;样本政策注意力强度整体较低,注意力广度不断提升。【结论】建议进一步提升中国节能政策的注意力强度、强调政策措施与中国节能政策目标的贴合性、加深部门合作颁布政策协同力度、强化中国节能政策的战略统筹设计。     

Multi-feature fused collaborative attention network for sequential recommendation with semantic-enriched contrastive learning

Recently, graph neural network (GNN) has been widely used in sequential recommendation because of its powerful ability to capture high-order collaborative relations, greatly promoting recommendation performance. However, some existing GNN-based methods fail to make full use of multiple relevant features of nodes and ignore the impact of semantic association between nodes on extracting user preferences. To this end, we propose a multi-feature fused collaborative attention network MASR, which sufficiently learns the temporal and positional features of nodes, and innovatively measures the importance of these two features for analyzing the nodes’ dynamic patterns. In addition, we incorporate semantic-enriched contrastive learning into collaborative filtering to enhance the semantic association between nodes and reduce the noise from the structural neighborhood, which has a positive effect on the sequential recommendation. Compared with the baseline models, the performance of MASR on MovieLens, CDs and Beauty datasets is improved by 2.0%, 2.1% and 1.7% respectively, proving its effectiveness in the sequential recommendation.     

情绪的ERP研究新进展(英文)

ERP技术是研究情绪问题的有效手段,实验对象包括正常被试以及心境障碍的病人.可从视觉或 和听觉通道给予情绪刺激材料,观察P1、N1和P30 0等ERP成分的变化.研究发现,情绪可增强被试对情绪事件的注意强度,尤其是新异的情绪内容较易得到识别.在正常被试中,情绪词相较中性词能引起较大的新旧效应,抑郁症患者的新旧效应与正常人有所不同,但其再认成绩也能被情绪内容提高.在研究情绪对决策行为的影响时,观察到内侧额叶负波 (MFN).ERP研究表明,情绪活动也存在大脑功能的偏侧化效应.