Decreased sympathetic cardiovascular influences and hormone-physiological changes in response to Covid-19-related adaptations under different learning environments

To examine the implications of the transition from face-to-face to online learning from a psychobiological perspective, this study investigated potential differences in physiological stress parameters of students engaged in online or face-to-face learning and determined whether these can be identified as possible mediators between learning experience and achievement emotions. In a randomized experimental field study, medical students (n = 82) attended either regular face-to-face classes of the microscopic anatomy course or the same practical course online using Zoom videoconferencing platform. The present study investigated Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and salivary cortisol concentration as stress correlates, within the contexts of online and face-to-face learning and compared these parameters with a control group that was measured at rest. Additionally, participants completed a standardized questionnaire about their experienced emotions in relation to task achievement and subjective stress levels. A significant reduction in HRV was found in face-to-face learning, suggesting stronger stress responses in the face-to-face learning environment (η² = 0.421, P < 0.001). Furthermore, participants engaged in face-to-face learning showed significantly higher cortisol concentrations (η² = 0.115, P = 0.032). Additionally, increased sympathetic activation correlated with the discrete positive emotion of enjoyment exclusively within the face-to-face condition (r = 0.365, P = 0.043). These results indicate that the transfer of a face-to-face practical course in microscopic anatomy to an online learning environment is associated with decreased sympathetic and enhanced vagal cardiovascular influences, together with lower cortisol concentrations in healthy medical students.     

砂土颗粒SEM图像分析方法的研究

提取砂土颗粒SEM图像的细观特性参数对砂土颗粒的细观研究具有极其重要的意义。在提取砂土颗粒的细观特性参数时遇到了图像质量不高,粘连颗粒比较严重等问题,影响了特征参数的提取。针对这个问题,对砂土颗粒SEM图像的特征进行了分析,借助开运算、中值滤波、直方图均衡化等方法,对图像进行处理,优化了图像质量。使用Otsu法二值化,对处理后的砂土颗粒图像应用形态学处理,改进的分水岭分割算法等,分割粘连的砂土颗粒。最后提取了砂土颗粒的数目、占空比、质心等参数,为岩土的组构张量描述提供了数据支撑。     

新型连续注射水相法合成CdS量子点

基于连续注射进样系统,研究了水溶性CdS量子点的合成方法。结果表明连续注射技术可实现对反应物比例的精确控制,从而快速确定最佳反应物比例,所制得CdS量子点荧光特性较为稳定。激发波长范围为340—360nm,且在480～510nm的宽波长范围有强烈荧光发射。在最佳反应物比例为nc1：nTCA：ns=1．00：1．15：0．90时,最大荧光发射波长为504nm。CdS量子点的荧光显微成像表明其水溶液分散性良好。     

申明铺遗址出土腐蚀铁器的微观分析

应用金相显微镜、扫描电镜能谱分析仪(SEM-EDS)等检测手段,对采集于申明铺遗址的铁器残片进行腐蚀情况的微观分析。发现该遗址所出土铁器腐蚀情况较为严重,不仅存在均匀腐蚀,还存在很多不均匀的局部腐蚀,包括点蚀、选择性腐蚀及晶间腐蚀等,为后期的保护工作提供了依据。     

辛芳鼻炎胶囊中非法添加化学药品的快速检验

采用显微鉴别法快速区别辛芳鼻炎胶囊的真伪,并快速排除中药制剂芳香鼻炎胶囊中非法添加化学药品氯雷他定。方法采用显微鉴别法结合TLC和HPLC法快速鉴别。结果该方法简单、快速且成本极低,稳定性和重现性好。结论本方法简便、快速,适合用于中药制剂非法添加化学药品的快速检测。     

借鉴国外校企合作经验 完善我国高职教育模式

发达国家的高等职业教育实践证明,校企合作办学是培养职业技能人才的有效途径。我国的高职教育中,校企合作办学正在逐步地施展开来,合作方式、合作领域在拓宽。但还存在着进展不快、与技能人才培养要求不适应等问题,须从多方面着手推进校企合作办学模式的制度化。     

Design for learning: Adapting the microscopic anatomy laboratory to adult learners

Medical school curricula are undergoing transformational change in response to calls for integrating content across courses and years to enable better retention and application and for individualizing learning to meet the diverse backgrounds and thus differing needs of students. To address the related teaching challenges, faculty can employ solid principles of adult learning and instructional design and use teaching strategies that stimulate different learning styles. We developed laboratory sessions that follow a learner‐centered instructional design model we refer to as “PLHET,” reflecting the steps of preparing, linking, hooking, engaging, and transferring learning, and also applied teaching strategies that reflect Kolb's four styles of learning (accommodative, divergent, assimilative, and convergent). We utilized a group learning format to promote active learning, teamwork, and self‐direction. Preliminary data based on student surveys of laboratory activity show positive responses. In the future, we will test the hypothesis that this design will improve medical students' performance. Anat Sci Educ © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

The development and assessment of an online microscopic anatomy laboratory course

Increasing enrollment in post‐secondary institutions across North America, along with an increase in popularity of and demand for distance education is pressuring institutions to offer a greater number and variety of courses online. A fully online laboratory course in microscopic anatomy (histology) which can be taught simultaneously with a face‐to‐face (F2F) version of the same course has been developed. This full year course was offered in the Fall/Winter (FW) terms in both F2F and online formats. To ensure that the online course was of the same quality as the F2F format, a number of performance indicators were evaluated. The same course, offered exclusively online during the summer with a compressed time frame, was also evaluated. Senior undergraduate students self‐selected which version of the course they would enroll in. Course assessment outcomes were compared while incoming grades were used as a predictor for course performance. There were no significant differences between the incoming grades for the F2F FW and Online FW courses; similarly, there were no significant differences between outcomes for these formats. There were significant differences between the incoming grades of the F2F FW and Summer Online students. However, there were no significant differences among any of the outcomes for any of the formats offered. Incoming grades were strong, significant predictors of course performance for both formats. These results indicate that an online laboratory course in microscopic anatomy is an effective format for delivering histology course content, therefore giving students greater options for course selections. Anat Sci Educ 6: 246–256. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

试析影响国家战略情报分析的因素

国家战略情报分析是国家情报机构的核心工作，战略情报研判的正误，直接关系着国家决策的成功与失败。国家战略情报分析无法摆脱来自决策机制的宏观环境影响，同时也深受战略情报分析人员个体微观因素的影响。