新型农村社区养老服务建设现状及对策分析

人口老龄化问题是当下中国面临的重要社会问题之一,也是社会学研究的主要问题之一。中国人口结构老化、社会保障制度滞后已经成为制约中国社会经济发展的一大瓶颈,在农村显得尤为突出。这不仅关系到农民们的切身利益,还直接关系到社会主义和谐社会和小康社会的全面建设。如何让广大农民能够安享晚年,不仅是衡量社会文明进步与和谐发展的重要指标,也是现代文明国家不可推卸的责任。面对我国农村老年人人口基数大,老龄化速度快的现状,为农村老年人养老提供服务也是中国农村社会经济转型面临的重大挑战。     

Promoting Optimal Care in Childbirth

In 1996, the World Health Organization set out guidelines for normal birth. Because that time birth in the United States has continued to be intervention intensive, the cesarean rate has skyrocketed and maternal mortality, although low, is rising. At the same time, research continues to provide evidence for the benefits of supporting the normal physiologic process of labor and birth and the risks of interfering with this natural process. This article reviews the current state of U.S. maternity care and discusses research and advocacy efforts that address this issue. This article describes optimal care in childbirth and introduces the Lamaze International Six Healthy Birth Practices.     

The wraparound process for youth with severe emotional behavioural disorders

The number of youth with serious emotional disorders has increased tremendously; unfortunately, meeting the needs of such children has been a challenge. In an effort to deal with the challenging behaviour exhibited by children and youths, expensive out‐of‐home placements such as juvenile justice centres and clinical and psychiatric hospitalisation, have been used. Unfortunately, these approaches have not been effective in reducing the rate of challenging and violent behaviours. Therefore, researchers continue seeking evidence‐based and cost‐effective strategies to use when dealing with children and youths with severe emotional disorders. One of the approaches that have emerged out of this search is the systems of care model, which places emphasis on shifting placement of individuals with severe emotional disturbance from restrictive institutional settings to less restrictive settings. Central to the systems of care model is the wraparound process. The approach involves providing a set of coordinated individualised services and natural supports to the child and family in their natural environment. The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature synthesis on the wraparound process.     

Considerations for Sexuality Education and Services for LGB Elders

Sexuality education and health services for elderly individuals who reside in care settings (e.g., assisted living facilities, nursing homes, retirement communities) have received limited attention in the professional literature. However, the lack of sexual health promotion practices in elder care facilities can be detrimental to older adults’ overall health and quality of life. Barriers to sexuality education services for lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) elders are explored and include history of LGB equality in the United States and lack of social support, as well as discrimination among formal care facilities and health care professionals. The Community Readiness Model (CRM) is proposed for addressing these barriers. The purpose of the CRM is to assess readiness characteristics of a community before program implementation and then build capacity with programming in that community for support and education. Sexuality educators currently have the opportunity to develop and implement sexual health education and promotion resources that can potentially improve the quality of life for LGB individuals transitioning into the latter stages of the life course.     

基于人文关怀的高校思想政治教育的构建

人文关怀作为高校思想政治教育的切入点,不仅具有理论意义,而且具有实践价值.传统的思想政治教育由于人文关怀缺失,一定程度上影响了思政教育的实效性,因此高校应建构基于人文关怀的思想政治教育.在教育目标上,坚持共性教育与个性教育相结合;在教育形式上,坚持教师主导与学生主体相结合;在教育方法上,坚持以理服人与以情感人相结合.     

信息化教学中人文关怀的迷失与回归

信息化教学是在信息化背景下,采用现代信息技术,使一切信息技术为教师、学生和教学过程服务。由于过分依赖信息技术,信息化教学中出现了重技术应用,轻知识传授、重教师技能,轻学生实践、重表现形式,轻实际效果等人文关怀迷失的现象。为此,信息化教学中人文关怀的回归应坚持以学生为本,在备课与授课环节注重技术应用与知识传授、教师发展与学生成长、表现形式与实际效果相结合。     

农村留守儿童教育现状的思考

随着经济的快速发展,大量农民外出务工,迫使许多儿童“留守”在家中,成为“留守儿童”。由于长时间缺乏父母的有效监护和关爱,一些留守儿童在教育机会、学习表现、心理健康等方面出现了不同程度的问题。关注农村留守儿童的健康成长,需要家庭、学校与社会的共同努力。     

临床护理路径在基层医院CT增强检查中的应用

目的 探讨临床护理路径（CNP）对CT增强患者应用.方法 按临床护理路径制定符合襄阳区人民医院CT增强检查的路径表,对襄州区人民医院208名增强检查患者在检查中按照（CNP）进行护理.结果 临床护理路径应用缩短患者等候时间,减少患者恐惧心理,提高扫描准确性,减少患者射线辐射伤害,同时兼顾成本节约,取得较好效果.结论 按路径表实施CT增强检查,让病人和家属主动参与护理过程,增强病人自我护理意识和能力,减轻患者恐惧心理,同时提高了图像质量,为临床医生提供了详尽的影像资料;每日合理的预约增强检查病人人数,可最大限度减少基层医院增强病人源不足造成的高压注射器和药品的浪费,从而节约了成本.     

Mothering and the work of educational care – an integrative approach

This article, through looking at mothers’ modes of engagement with their children’s education, proposes an integrative analytical approach to the study of the making of mothers, mothering, and motherhood. The article presents and brings into dialogue four different bodies of anthropological and sociological literature: mothering as a form of care work, anthropological work on child-rearing in different cultural settings, sociological studies of the class negotiation of home–school boundaries, and the theoretical and empirical literature on consumption in post-industrial society. Bringing together ideas of care, culture, class, and consumption into one analytical framework is crucial for attending to, in holistic fashion, the complex ways in which mothering, in different social–cultural contexts, is perceived and practiced.     

From caring about to caring for: case studies of New Zealand and Japanese schools post disaster

On 22 February 2011, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake killed 185 people in Christchurch, New Zealand. On 11 March 2011, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck eastern Japan, and was followed by a devastating tsunami and a nuclear plant crisis. As of 16 November 2011, the official death toll in Japan had reached 15,839, with a further 3467 people still missing. This article presents two case studies of the experiences and the responses of schools in New Zealand and Japan in the immediate aftermath of these events. Although the magnitude of the events is significantly different, the authors argue that there are many similarities in their responses. These provide an opportunity to consider the manner in which schools in other settings might prepare for such events. This comparative case study includes practical recommendations for schools to consider in their pastoral care of students in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. Research in New Zealand and Japan, undertaken separately by the authors, attempted to capture the voices of principals, teachers and students to inform a series of recommendations and guidelines created from the real-life experiences of the research participants. They were collected with the primary focus of wishing to better inform the decision-making responsibilities of others who may be in a similar situation, or to guide future disaster prevention and management policies in schools.