A man on the inside: Unlocking communities as complementary assets

Since Teece's seminal paper explaining who were the gainers from technological innovation, increased globalization and the information and communication technology revolution have brought new ways for firms to organize and appropriate from innovation. A new more open model of innovation suggests that firms can benefit from sources of innovation that stem from outside the firm. The central theme of this paper is how firms try to unlock communities as complementary assets. These communities exist outside firm boundaries beyond ownership or hierarchical control. Because of practices developed by communities to protect their work, firms need to assign individuals to work in these communities in order to gain access to developments and, to an extent, influence the direction of the community. Using network analysis we show that some software firms sponsor individuals to act strategically within a free and open source software (FOSS) community. Firm sponsored individuals interact with more individuals than interact with them, and also they seek to interact with central individuals in the community. However, we can see differences in how individuals interact, depending on whether their affiliation is with a dedicated FOSS firm or an incumbent in the software industry. Apparently, some firm managers believe they need ‘a man on the inside’ to be able to gain access to communities.     

美国2005年最佳免费参考网站评介与启示

介绍了美国图书馆协会下属机构MARS年度最佳免费参考网站评选活动的概况，对2005年的入选网站作了选择性的介绍，提出了该评选活动的几个特点及启示。     

走出书斋——浅论移动阅读

移动阅读是目前新出现的一种阅读方式,这种阅读方式产生的背景是什么,以及对中国而言,移动阅读的普及存在的困难和障碍是什么,本文围绕这两点展开了深入探讨。     

Copyright or copyleft?: An analysis of property regimes for software development

Two property regimes for software development may be distinguished. Within corporations, on the one hand, a Private Regime obtains which excludes all outsiders from access to a firm's software assets. It is shown how the protective instruments of secrecy and both copyright and patent have been strengthened considerably during the last two decades. On the other, a Public Regime among hackers may be distinguished, initiated by individuals, organizations or firms, in which source code is freely exchanged. It is argued that copyright is put to novel use here: claiming their rights, authors write ‘open source licenses’ that allow public usage of the code, while at the same time regulating the inclusion of users. A ‘regulated commons’ is created. The analysis focuses successively on the most important open source licenses to emerge, the problem of possible incompatibility between them (especially as far as the dominant General Public License is concerned), and the fragmentation into several user communities that may result.     

城乡全科医生信息源与互联网信息障碍比较

文章旨在探讨城乡全科医生信息源以及互联网信息障碍的差异,以推进有针对性地为城乡全科医生提供优质的医疗信息服务,提高其医疗水平和服务能力。文章采用问卷调查法,通过便利采样在城市和农村的基层医疗机构回收有效问卷150份,并对采集到的数据进行统计分析。结果显示,城市和农村全科医生信息源的多样性及偏好并无显著差异,其对大部分信息源的感知有用性也趋同;但他们对同行信息源和非正式文件的感知有用性存在显著差异。互联网的使用频率、自我感知使用能力、接受互联网培训以及通过医疗网站为病人诊断等情况在城乡全科医生之间也无显著差异。在互联网信息障碍方面,城市和农村的全科医生都遇到了网络连接太慢以及软件问题;此外,农村全科医生还面临着语言障碍、缺乏熟悉度或经验以及信息过载等障碍。据此,文章提出,要重点提高农村全科医生的信息素养;大力发展全科医生的医学教育;进行城乡全科医生互联网技能培训,但由于城乡中基础设施和全科医生教育背景的差异,培训的内容和形式也要因地制宜、因人而异;加强互联网医疗信息资源建设;合理进行农村基层医疗机构的软硬件配置。     

国外电子健康领域用户行为研究

文章梳理国外电子健康领域用户行为研究,揭示其研究热点,寻找研究薄弱点。研究发现,国外电子健康领域用户行为研究热点集中在远程医疗、电子健康档案、健康信息服务工具、用户健康信息学、电子健康素养、移动健康和用户健康行为变化7个主题。对未来研究的启示包括:差异化研究用户电子健康素养;探索电子健康线上线下服务结合新模式;准确掌握新信息技术在电子健康领域中的应用;多维度研究电子健康领域用户行为,避免研究的低质量重复。     

南北朝隋唐时期画家的创作心态与文化支持

南北朝隋唐时期的绘画理论,对冠绝当代、后世宗承的画家及其创作多有评述,这为探视古代画家的创作心态提供了有利的依据。古代画家"守其神,专其一"的心态修持,是儒释道文化集中影响的结果。魏晋南北朝及隋唐时期,古代画家在儒释道文化相互融合的环境下,广泛汲取儒释道文化中有关心态修持的思想成果,从而为绘画心态的修持以及理想境界的探索提供了丰富的途径和方法。     

论萧红小说的底层叙事

萧红的作品,以低处向上看的体恤情怀,始终聚焦在穷人和妇女身上,她完全自觉地站在受难的穷人和妇女一边,控诉社会的不公。此外,她在批判底层民众的愚昧麻木的同时,也在一定程度上深入到20世纪二三十年代整个东北乃至整个中国底层的人生。展现了沉重的社会悲剧以及历史惰性之源。她的小说所展示的底层生活不是一个阶层或个体的命运,而是民族历史的性格和命运的投射。     

《古今清谈万选》的编者、来源、改动及价值

《古今清谈万选》的编者是周近泉。书中有18篇作品可考知作者和出处。编者改动原篇名,统一以四字为标题,并删改原作品的开头和情节,破坏了小说的完整性和艺术性。尚奇崇怪的选材特点,及每篇配有插图且进行评点注释的编刊版式,体现出编者的小说理论批评观念,也表明文言小说的通俗化、大众化,推动了雅俗文化的融合,反映了明代的文学思潮,具有鲜明的时代特色和多重价值。     

移动互联网对高校思想政治教育的挑战及其对策研究

目前,移动互联网成为影响人们思想、行为的重要因素之一。这一网络新媒体为高校思想政治教育工作既提供了机遇,也带来了巨大挑战。在移动互联网环境下,做好高校思想政治教育工作,必须提高高校思想政治教育工作队伍的素质和网络技术水平,推进思想政治教育理论创新,利用新技术和新手段构建高校移动互联网道德文化体系。