Contradictions of time in collaborative school research

The sustainability of research-based innovations in schools is constrained not only by systemic institutional barriers and inherent contradictions between schooling and research, but also by the related issue of time. This case study suggests that relative timescales, e.g., the collective activity of schooling over decades versus the individual actions of researchers over semesters or years, hinder the coordination and synchronization of schooling and research processes. Using cultural–historical activity theory and heterochrony, this analysis of data from a 4-year collaborative school-university research and development project suggests that, in spite of active support from school personnel, temporal conflicts undermined research activity and the sustainability of the innovation. At the same time, when researchers aligned their actions with the actions and timescales of school personnel, core elements of the innovation were appropriated into school practice.

The effects of combining simulations and laboratory experiments on Zimbabwean students’ conceptual understanding of electric circuits

ABSTRACT

Background

Information Communication Technologies are increasingly present in the African educational system at all educational levels. However, their integration into pedagogical practices to improve the quality of teaching and learning across disciplines remains the exception.     

亚里士多德论幸福

亚里士多德认为万物以善为目的，最高的善是幸福，幸福是合于德性的现实活动，最大的幸福是思辨。     

数学建模思想融入大学数学教学内容的认识与实践

将数学建模思想融入大学数学教学内容之中，能够有效地培养大学生运用数学知识解决实际问题的能力.本文探讨了将数学建模思想融入大学数学教学内容之中应遵循的目标和原则，并介绍了作者的改革实践，以期为高等院校大学数学的教学改革提供参考.     

从活动理论看网络合作学习活动的设计

兴起于20世纪20年代的活动理论是理解和构建情境脉络中活动的有益框架,分析活动理论对设计网络环境下的合作学习活动具有现实指导意义。在对网络合作学习的内涵、特点及优势分析的基础上,提出在活动理论指导下,基于网络的合作学习活动的教学设计方法。     

Comparing Student Performance and Growth in 2- and 4-Year Institutions

This study examines the organizational characteristics of 51 higher education institutions in relationship to student performance and growth. The study first finds that organizational measures of mission, size, wealth, complexity, and selectivity are statistically represented by the 2-year versus 4-year college mission. Findings indicate that 2-year and 4-year campuses indeed do exert significantly different influences on undergraduate GPA and self-reported intellectual growth. Next, the study uses both OLS regression and HLM to examine these influences. High school percentile rank and college classroom experiences are better predictors of Cum GPA at 4-year institutions, while student effort is a better predictor of GPA at 2-year institutions. Whereas the most important predictors of Cum GPA include precollege measures such as high school percentile rank and SAT score, the most influential predictors of student intellectual growth are campus experiences including classroom vitality, peer support, student effort, commitment, and involvement. Controlling for all other variables, students at 2-year institutions receive higher grades, and students at 4-year campuses experience more growth.     

BIM在建设工程项目中的创新价值初探

对BIM国际前沿文献进行跟踪研究,梳理BIM在建设工程项目中的主要应用模式。在分析建设工程创新特性的基础上,指出BIM为建设工程项目各参与组织构建了合作创新的工作环境。依据建设工程创新类别,分析BIM应用模式的创新定位,探索BIM在建设工程创新中的价值。     

不同品系小鼠自发活动特点及中枢抑制药新评价模型

目的用开场实验研究NIH、ICR、昆明种小鼠自发活动特点,并以戊巴比妥为工具药建立药物中枢抑制作用新的评价模型.方法用开场实验观察小鼠进入新环境的自发活动特点,并用计算机图像处理系统记录,分析小鼠30 min内的活动轨迹,观察不同时间段的总路程、中央逗留时间、中央路程3个参数.还观察了腹腔注射不同剂量戊巴比妥对自发活动特点的影响.结果各种小鼠总路程在前10 min明显大于后20 min (P < 0.001) ;中央逗留时间和中央路程变化较小,但存在一定的品系和昼夜差异.戊巴比妥可减少ICR和NIH小鼠(昆明种小鼠无效)的总路程,但无典型的量效关系;但可剂量依赖性减少各种小鼠中央逗留时间和中央路程(P < 0.01).结论本实验建立的方法能反映小鼠自发活动特点,并可用于评价中枢抑制药作用,其中中央逗留时间和中央路程是稳定、敏感的指标.     

沉积微相约束条件下的随机地质建模方法及应用研究

以地质建模为主要研究对象,根据油田开发地质研究需要完善的方法技术,以建模方法研究为基础,进行了沉积微相约束地质建模综合研究.在分析目前国内外研究现状的基础上,针对我国开发地质研究工作的特点,提出根据测井解释成果,应用随机模拟的方法定量地开展沉积微相研究.应用沉积微相研究成果约束测井储层参数的分布,形成油藏数值模拟研究所需要的准确的储层三维地质模型,解决了常规油田开发地质研究过程中沉积相研究成果与储层参数分布无法有效结合的缺陷.应用与该方法相适应的IRMS软件成功实现了山东胜利油区孤东油田第七开发区西部上第三系馆陶组油藏精确的沉积微相模型,由此微相约束形成的油藏储层三维地质模型数据体直接应用于油藏数值模拟研究,应用效果及现场实施的效果良好.     

Application of machine learning techniques to assess the trends and alignment of the funded research output

Research and development activities are regarded as one of the most influencing factors of the future of a country. Large investments in research can yield a tremendous outcome in terms of a country’s overall wealth and strength. However, public financial resources of countries are often limited which calls for a wise and targeted investment. Scientific publications are considered as one of the main outputs of research investment. Although the general trend of scientific publications is increasing, a detailed analysis is required to monitor the research trends and assess whether they are in line with the top research priorities of the country. Such focused monitoring can shed light on scientific activities evolution as well as the formation of new research areas, thus helping governments to adjust priorities, if required. But monitoring the output of the funded research manually is not only very expensive and difficult, it is also subjective. Using structural topic models, in this paper we evaluated the trends in academic research performed by federally funded Canadian researchers during the time-frame of 2000–2018, covering more than 140,000 research publications. The proposed approach makes it possible to objectively and systematically monitor research projects, or any other set of documents related to research activities such as funding proposals, at large-scale. Our results confirm the accordance between the performed federally funded research projects and the top research priorities of Canada.