中国现代中小学单项教学实验述论

教育方法的科学化是“五四”运动以来中国教育发展的一个时代主题，教育实验则是其实现的一个重要工具。在教学与课程实验领域，中小学单项教学实验最具持久和现实的影响力。它对教育教学改革的深入、教育的科学化与近代化历程的艰难曲折的探索，起到了重要的作用。     

ISO9000：2000与图书馆质量管理的原则

应用ISO9000：2000的管理理念，对照质量管理标准中的相应条款，分析和阐述图书馆质量管理中应遵循的8项原则：以顾客(用户)为关注焦点；领导作用；全员参与；过程管理；系统管理；持续改进；基于事实的决策和与供方互利。在此基础上，就每项质量管理原则在图书馆中的实际应用提出相应的措施。     

文献数据库的检索特点及使用技巧

随着高校图书馆引进的中外文数据库及建立的局域网络检索系统 ,教学科研人员有了快捷、高效、准确查获文献信息的硬件环境。为使读者更好地利用各种数据库进行文献检索 ,文章介绍了文献数据库的检索特点 ,并就数据库检索中检索策略制定的技术性问题 ,如 :检索词的选择、检索式的编写等做了详细介绍。     

地方文献中非书刊资料的征集和整理之我见

本文阐述了地方文献中非书刊资料的界定类型以及征集和整理，加深大家对非书刊资料的重要性认识。     

关于造船用材料类目的问题及修订措施

造船用材料类与《中图法》其他工程专业的材料类目相比类目设置少，文献量占多数的金属材料未扩展下位类，一些类目名称概括性差。提出了纠正这些问题的方法，即：按照材料化学组成成分分类的方法设置类目，扩展金属材料类，调整非金属材料类，增加船舶特殊需要的材料类目。     

学系在美国大学的诞生与发展

创建学系组织并逐步形成现代学系制度,是美国高等教育的重大创新。自18世纪60年代开始,学系已成为美国大学标识教师身份的管理工具;到19世纪20年代,以弗吉尼亚和哈佛大学为代表的部分高校开启了学系组织化的初步探索;1890至1910年美国大学趋于普遍建立学系组织,学系的重要地位以及现代学系制度得以正式确立。学系在美国大学的诞生与发展是众多力量合流的结果,学系的诞生与发展延续了德国大学讲座制的专业主义精神与知识分化逻辑,为美国大学全面提升治理水平、办学质量与规模效益,为迎接高等教育大众化与轴心时代的到来提供了组织架构与制度安排,产生了深远与广泛的影响。     

涉农高职院校现代农业创业教育的实践探索——以温州科技职业学院为例

温州科技职业学院紧扣现代农业创业人才培养目标,改革教育机制,构建"训、研、创、产"一体化的创业人才培养体系,实施以"导师—项目—团队"为核心的"师导生创、师创生学、师生企协创"的创业人才培养路径,成效显著。在总结温州科技职业学院创业教育经验的基础上,提出了培养现代农业创业人才的三点策略建议:充分利用农科专业特点,培养现代农业创业人才;科研创新与创业教育互相促进,构筑创业实践体系;乡村振兴战略与创业人才培养相互支撑,促进地方农业产业经济发展。     

Spaces of emergent memory: Detroit’s 8 Mile wall and public memories of civil rights injustice

This article introduces emergent memory, a conceptual extension to rhetorics of public memory, to describe memory’s genesis in sites built without commemorative commitments. Examining Detroit’s “8 Mile Wall,” a site built to reinforce segregated housing, this project argues the rhetorical tenets of emergent memory present in this space. As a relic of segregated history, the wall symbolically recalls the city’s controversial past, but has recently been the subject of a local mural project to redefine the wall’s purpose. Some consider this a step toward reclamation, as it visually repositions the disturbing remnant. For others, the murals simply cannot overwrite troubling memories of the city’s discriminatory history. This essay uses emergent memory to describe how the wall’s complicated mnemonic legacy simultaneously harkens to a difficult history and how the mural additions use that same legacy to convey an optimistic future for Detroit and those marked by this urban space.     

The IR Has Two Faces: Positioning Institutional Repositories for Success

This article describes the ongoing efforts at University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) Libraries to evolve the role of the institutional repository (IR) and to effectively position it within the context of the Libraries’ collections, research support, and scholarly communication services. A major component of this process is re-examining the fundamental aims of the IR and aligning it to the Libraries and the campus strategic goals. The authors situate UNLV Libraries’ experience within the context of the current literature to provide background and reasoning for our decision to pursue two, at times conflicting, aims for the IR: one for scholarly communication and another for research administration.     

Technological research in the EU is less efficient than the world average. EU research policy risks Europeans’ future

We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the e_p index that equals the P_{top 1%}/P_{top 10%} ratio. By using the e_p index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The e_p index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk.