城镇化过程中农民的文化意识及其转化——基于现代性的反思

城镇化是我国未来社会发展的主要样态,农民是城镇化的主体与主要受益者。城镇化过程可视为农村居民向城镇居民转变的过程,因此农民的传统文化意识直接影响着城镇化的推进。本文以现代性思想为基础,通过对农民文化意识的思考,提出城镇化过程中农民文化意识的转化方向和基于传统文化的农民文化意识转化策略,即传统文化中未来意识的发掘,传统文化中生态意识的传承,传统文化中群体意识的存续,传统经济伦理与道德意识的承接。     

Negotiating women’s social space: public debates on gender in early modern Kerala,India*

Abstract

The paper argues that the formation of modern gender identities in early‐twentieth‐century Kerala was deeply implicated in the project of shaping governable subjects who were, at one and the same time ‘free’ and already inserted into modern institutions. Because gender appeared both natural and social, both individualising and general, it seemed to be a superior form of social ordering compared to the pre‐existing order of caste. The actualisation of a superior society ordered by gender was seen to be dependent upon the shaping of the fully‐fledged individuals with strong internalities and well‐developed gendered capacities that would place them in distinct social domains of the public and domestic, as ‘free’ individuals, who, however, were bound together in a complementary relationship. While this model still remains dominant in Kerala, by the 1930s, the public/domestic divide came to be blurred with the rapid spread of disciplinary institutions. Womanhood came to be associated not with a certain domain but with a certain form of power. This legitimated the entry of Malayalee women into public life, undergirded the much‐discussed ‘Kerala Model’ of development, and still holds up the highly ambiguous sort of ‘liberation’ elite Malayalee women have experienced. It has also strongly influenced the specific shape the resistance to patriarchy has taken in Kerala in the twentieth century.     

Seoul and the time in motion: urban form and political consciousness

Abstract

This paper explores the political effects of the cognitive change in the visual environment of colonial Seoul. It asks how the new urban imagery was perceived by the Korean population. It analyzes the ways in which they experienced urban forms, techniques of advertisement and urban infrastructure such as street‐cars and trains. It argues that the engagement of people with mobility, urban symbols and spectacles in the colonial city had stimulated different ways of seeing and thinking about who they were and what they had become, a new collective identity that is neither a subject of the Chos[obreve]n dynasty nor the Japanese colonial state. This paper demonstrates that colonial Seoul represented not only the technique of Japanese colonial subjugation but also generated a new grammar for imagining new identity and difference. The urban environment of the colonial city reflects not entirely a strategy of the colonizer but a tactic of the colonized in appropriating the different meanings of new social life, which was brought by, but not exclusively under, the control of colonial space and time.     

J.B. Priestley,the ‘Modern’ and America

ABSTRACT

J.B. Priestley has often been seen as representative of a nostalgic Englishness which rejected the modern world and, in the process, embraced anti-Americanism. However, as this article suggests, Priestley had a more complicated relationship with both America and modernity than has been accepted. Focusing on the 1930s, it shows how Priestley travelled widely in the United States and came to admire the democratic and collective aspects of American culture, whilst also developing a critique of what he saw as the lack of individuality and creativity in other elements of the ‘mass' society, anticipating arguments he would develop after 1945.     

论肖像画的诞生:一种现代性的视角

在中西方绘画史上,肖像画发展的程度截然不同,作为西方绘画主要类型的肖像画,在中国绘画史上却没有独立的位置。可以说,“肖像画的诞生”是一个现代性事件,只有足够成熟的现代化社会才能为其提供存在的普遍性条件——自主性精神。通过比较中西肖像画所植根的文化系统,可以展现肖像画作为现代性的文化表征所包含的双重性,它既显示了其所植根的那种普遍性的条件——文化现代性,同时也展示了现代性的自主化精神在艺术中的内在化——审美现代性。可以说,肖像画作为一个特殊的艺术门类,表征了普遍的现代性精神在文化和艺术中的同源共生。     

西部地区非农化进程中的滞阻因素与路径选择

我国西部地区非农化的水平低,主要表现在:农业人口以及农村剩余劳动力数量大,农业工业化水平不高,城镇化滞后,市场化率比较低。影响西部地区非农化发展的滞阻因素包括:非农化的制度障碍,非农化的成本障碍,非农化的城乡技术障碍,非农化的主体素质障碍,非农化的观念障碍。加快西部地区非农化的路径选择是:以农业产业化推进西部地区非农化,以农村城镇化带动西部地区的非农化,以农民的知识化促进西部地区的非农化,以剩余劳动力外流化加快西部地区的非农化。     

从路遥的小说创作看乡土中国的现代性焦虑

路遥小说的成功,在于它唤起了当代复杂的社会心理结构中人们的某种情感诉求,这种情感实际上是乡土中国社会在社会结构与阶级重组的历史变动中所聚集的社会怨恨的反映,作家在创作中所表现出来的对乡土人生哲学的价值偏爱,实质上是乡土中国在现代化过程中,以儒家思想为主导的中国传统思想面临西方现代思想的压迫时所产生的现代性焦虑的反映。     

上市公司基于配股目的盈余管理行为实证分析

通过运用P-P概率图对2001-2004年所有上市公司净资产收益率的分布进行正态检验,验证上市公司总体上存在操纵净资产收益率的倾向;以2004年配股的16家上市公司为样本,运用修正的Jones模型计算出代表盈余管理程度的操纵性应计利润,结果显示这16家上市公司为申请配股均进行了盈余管理。这一分析为2004年配股上市公司的赢余管理程度提供经验的证据。     

论文化批评的当下性

20世纪90年代以来，全球化背景下科学技术的发展引起社会主导传媒形式的变化，而主导传媒形式的变化引起了原来艺术生态格局的变化。在文学不断向泛文学的转变过程中，文化批评面对当下的文学景观，从关心纯文学到关注泛文学，从关怀终极价值到关怀世俗，从回避问题到自觉批判，从单一视角到整体观照，从重视宏观理论到关注微观个案，从独尊话语的思维到多元思维，显示了极强的现实回应能力和阐释能力。     

胡适文学理论的复杂性

局限于中国文学现代性的复杂性,胡适文学理论的复杂性表征有：陷入反＂文以载道＂的悖论中、＂双线＂文学史观与一元化的＂白话文学正宗＂论、理论预设的审美价值与时代要求的政治倾向。其矛盾也正体现了中国文学现代性历程的复杂性。