寓时事教育于翻译教学

翻译教学的主要任务是向学生传授基本的翻译理论和常用的翻译技巧和方法,并通过反复实践培养学生的翻译技能。时事教育是学校思想政治教育工作的重要组成部分。寓时事教育于翻译教学之中,既可丰富教学内容,增长学生的阅历,又可提高教学质量,激发学生的学习兴趣,从而真正实现英语人才的培养目标。     

我国中小学课业负担问题的反思——现代性危机的视角

中小学课业负担过重是关涉到我国千家万户的重要问题,也是阻碍基础教育改革的羁绊。以往的研究主要把其原因归结为学校落后的学业评价制度、家庭普遍的高期望现象和社会浓厚的唯学历意识等因素,然则追本溯源它是现代性危机带给现代人的"焦虑"所致,集中体现在人们对世俗生活的追求以及人的精神和价值的失落。要想解决我国中小学课业负担问题,呼唤人文精神的回归和加强教育管理的政策导引不失为一种可行的尝试。     

边境体育的多元化功能对促进边疆和谐发展的研究——以云南德宏中缅边境为例

针对当前国际形势及中缅边境地区局势变化的背景下,运用非传统安全的观点,利用体育手段加强我国对周边国家的影响力和文化辐射力,抵御“黄、赌、毒”行为及境外敌对势力的渗透,促进中缅边境地区的安全与稳定发展;针对中缅边民之间业已形成的民族传统体育活动,从人类文化学的视角研究未来边疆体育发展的方向并提出相应的发展策略。     

Measuring Teaching Performance

Abstract

Those who teach subjects that explore controversial issues often find that students have difficulty thinking about and responding productively to them. College instructors have leeway in structuring learning in ways that maximize the possibility of productive critical thinking. By shaping classroom experiences before the controversial material is encountered, the likelihood that students will maintain higher mental functioning when examining that material increases. This article discusses ten strategies for planning a course that facilitates quality discussion and thoughtful debate.     

The High Calling of College Teaching

Abstract

Discussing controversial issues in the classroom is one way college instructors can enhance students' abilities to think critically about the world around them. The authors discuss common controversial issues in different disciplines, such as the death penalty and drug legalization. They also suggest useful methods for encouraging enlightening discussions, such as verbal and physical cues, student-centered activities, and text selection.     

A Viable Future for Small and Rural Libraries

This document uses the issues and the findings of the 2008 national Summit on Rural and Small Libraries to introduce the two documents that follow this brief article. These reports mark efforts by librarians in the states of Delaware and Tennessee to deal with the issues—finances, staffing, training and what users want—that they see as imperative to solve to move their state's libraries forward. These three documents offer a convenient summary of the pressures that rural and small libraries are facing at the beginning of the 21st century.     

Reference Services in Rural Libraries

Abstract

The information age has changed libraries of all types and sizes in ways that no one could have predicted. For a rural library, though, changes have been fast and furious and have made a dramatic impact on the very nature of the library and the services the library offers. Rural libraries went from a gathering place for community activities to fully wired information centers in a matter of a few years. The article addresses what these changes mean for reference services-one of the most basic functions of a public library. While people are consuming more information than ever, will the rural library be able to keep up with this demand even with the Internet? The article explores reference services in rural public libraries, using examples from libraries in central and northern Illinois, giving consideration to the nature of reference services, how they have changed over time, and how this compares to small libraries in a metropolitan setting.     

Students’ Perception of Risk About Nanotechnology After an SAQ Teaching Strategy

We experimented with teaching nanotechnology in high school within the perspective of citizenship education in science by involving experts in nanotechnology, education, ethics and philosophy. After training, the students debated a Socially Acute Question (SAQ) that they elaborated during the various phases of instruction. The field of SAQs represents a French orientation for the teaching of SocioScientific Issues. We analyzed the interactions of students in the debate to determine their risk perception on nanotechnology. We compared and put their arguments into perspective using various analytical frameworks. We observed two contrasting argumentative tendencies: one reflecting a positivist view that involved an individualistic use of nanotechnology and science and one carrying a critical and humanistic vision of the use of nanotechnology and science.     

Training in Decision-making Strategies: An approach to enhance students’ competence to deal with socio-scientific issues

Dealing with socio-scientific issues in science classes enables students to participate productively in controversial discussions concerning ethical topics, such as sustainable development. In this respect, well-structured decision-making processes are essential for elaborate reasoning. To foster decision-making competence, a computer-based programme was developed that trains secondary school students (grades 11–13) in decision-making strategies. The main research question is: does training students to use these strategies foster decision-making competence? In addition, the influence of meta-decision aids was examined. Students conducted a task analysis to select an appropriate strategy prior to the decision-making process. Hence, the second research question is: does combining decision-making training with a task analysis enhance decision-making competence at a higher rate? To answer these questions, 386 students were tested in a pre-post-follow-up control-group design that included two training groups (decision-making strategies/decision-making strategies combined with a task analysis) and a control group (decision-making with additional ecological information instead of strategic training). An open-ended questionnaire was used to assess decision-making competence in situations related to sustainable development. The decision-making training led to a significant improvement in the post-test and the follow-up, which was administered three months after the training. Long-term effects on the quality of the students' decisions were evident for both training groups. Gains in competence when reflecting upon the decision-making processes of others were found, to a lesser extent, in the training group that received the additional meta-decision training. In conclusion, training in decision-making strategies is a promising approach to deal with socio-scientific issues related to sustainable development.     

技术控制语境下的道德恐慌策略分析

西方国家以技术理性为核心的社会控制方案在风险社会中受到挑战与冲击。作为化解风险危机措施之一的道德恐慌策略频频被派上用场。这种策略以社会冲突论为其立论前提,以道德相对主义、社会标签理论、实用主义为其理论基础,在现实运用过程中又存在着悖论。在深受全球化影响并致力创建和谐社会的当今中国,我们需要借鉴与批判西方发达国家的道德恐慌策略,需要强化风险议题的主导权与审查权、话语权与解释权,建构道德信念与正义安全的支撑体系以防范道德恐慌现象的无序蔓延。