铌掺杂二氧化钛介孔分子筛的合成及其光催化活性研究

以十六烷基三甲基胺为模板剂,钛酸正四丁酯为钛前驱体,草酸铌为铌的前驱体,用溶胶一凝胶手段,将铌元素引入到介孔二氧化钛体系中,制备出了介孔NbzO5Ti02复合氧化物。采用XRD、IR等表征手段对其进行表征,并以苯酚为目标降解物进行了光催化反应活性测试。结果表明：少量铌能进入TiO2骨架,样品保持介孔结构,当铌量进一步增加时,介孔结构遭到破坏;铌的掺杂并不能使介孔TiO2分子筛的光催化活性提高。     

对羟基苯甲酸丁酯分子印迹聚合物的制备及吸附性能研究

以对羟基苯甲酸丁酯为模板,α-甲基丙烯酸（MAA）为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯（EGDMA）为交联剂,聚乙烯醇为分散剂,采用悬浮聚合法在氯仿溶剂中制备了分子印迹聚合物（MIP）。通过考察该聚合物对模板分子的间歇式吸附实验表明,所制备的分子印迹聚合物对模板分子的吸附较快,最大表观结合量近270μg／g。Scatchard方程研究表明在研究的浓度范围内在聚合物中形成了两类不同的结合位点。     

线粒体DNA的分子遗传学研究进展

有关线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔＤＮＡ）的突变与人类疾病和衰老乃至肿瘤的关系日益受到人们的关注，研究表明，ｍｔＤＮＡ突变的积累与氧化损伤是人类线粒体遗传病与各种退行性疾病的分子基础。同时，在运动医学领域，研究人员也逐渐发现ｍｔＤＮＡ的遗传多态性是人类有氧耐力的一个有价值的遗传标记，其可作为不同反应群体的基因标志，成为科学选材的理想指标。     

双原子分子能级差的数值估算

在讨论分子的能级等问题时,由于要求得分子体系的定态薛定谔方程的严格解很困难,因此,不得不求助于各种近似的方法。然而,通常我们采用的近似方法,仍存在着较繁的数学运算过程。本文尝试应用数值估算这样一种近似方法,估算双原子分子的能级差。既可避免较繁的定量计算,又说明了与分子光谱事实相符的若干基本问题。     

亲水基团PEG分子量对漆酚基乳化剂性能的影响

以漆酚（U）、环氧氯丙烷（ECH）、聚乙二醇（PEG）为原料制备一系列漆酚基乳化剂（UE）．用IR、^1H-NMR对UE的结构进行表征,用吊片法测定UE水溶液的表面张力,并研究了UE的溶解性、乳化性、起泡高度等性能．结果表明：UE仍然保留了漆酚分子的不饱和长侧链;所制得的UE均溶于水且都能较好地降低水溶液的表面张力,随着亲水基团PEG分子量的增大,UE降低表面张力的能力降低;PEG分子量对UE的起泡能力影响不大,但对UE乳化自油的能力影响较大,当PEG的分子量为1．0×10^3时,所制得的UE10的乳化能力最强．     

The Effect of a Computerized Simulation on Middle School Students’ Understanding of the Kinetic Molecular Theory

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a dynamic software simulation on the understanding of the kinetic molecular theory by 7th graders. Students in the control group (n = 62) studied a curricular unit that addressed the differences in arrangement and motion of molecules in the three phases of matter. The experimental group (n = 71) studied the same unit combined with a few computer lessons using a software simulation. The results indicate that the students in the experimental group scored significantly higher than those in the control group. Nonetheless, while both groups of students improved their understanding of the kinetic molecular theory, the overall achievements were very low. These findings suggest that the simulation improved the understanding of the 7th graders; however, it was insufficient in itself to promote meaningful learning. Statistically significant gender differences were not observed. This paper concludes with a discussion of the educational implications of this study.     

尼耳斯·玻尔:开启分子生物学研究的先驱者

就物理学大师尼耳斯·玻尔对早期分子生物学研究领域所作出的杰出贡献作出简要地论述.旨在揭示玻尔的生物学思想之丰富的内涵.论述了尼耳斯·玻尔生物学思想在21世纪生命科学发展中的启示意义.     

Preparation and adsorption behaviors of Cu(II) ion-imprinted polymers

Imprinted polymers were prepared for selective removal of Cu（Ⅱ） ions from metal solutions. Three ion-imprinted polymers were synthesized with methacrylic acid （MAA）, acrylamide （AA） and N,N＇-methylenebisacrylamide （MBAA） respectively as the functional monomers, ethleneglycoldimethacrylate （EGDMA） as the cross-linking agent, 2,2＇- azobisisobutyronitrile （AIBN） as the initiator and Cu （Ⅱ） ion as the imprint ion. The template Cu （Ⅱ） ion was removed from the polymer by leaching with a liquid of a 1：1 volumetric ratio of HCl to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA）. The capacity and selectivity of Cu（Ⅱ） ion adsorption were investigated with the three imprinted polymers and their non-imprinted counterparts. The polymers have a maximum adsorption capacity at pH 7.0. The isotherm of their batch adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ） ions shows a Langmuir adsorption pattern. Imprinted polymers all have a much higher capacity and higher selectivity of Cu（Ⅱ） adsorption than nonimprinted ones. MAA polymer benefits the most from imprinting. Imprinted MAA polymer has the highest selectivity when used to rebind Cu （Ⅱ） ion from an aqueous solution in the presence of other metal ions. Ion imprinting can be a promising technique of preparing selective adsorbents to separate and preconcentrate metal in a medium of multiple competitive metal ions through solid phase extraction （SPE）.     

根癌农杆菌介导植物遗传转化的分子机制

根癌农杆菌介导转化法是目前应用最广泛的植物转基因方法,通过植物表达载体上DNA的加工和转移将外源DNA转运到植物细胞内.主要介绍了根癌农杆菌介导植物遗传转化的分子机制.     

Evaluation and application of an efficient plant DNA extraction protocol for laboratory and field testing

Nucleic acids in plant tissue lysates can be captured quickly by a cellulose filter paper and prepared for amplification after a quick purification.In this study,a published filter paper strip method was modified by sticking the filter paper on a polyvinyl chloride resin(PVC)sheet.This modified method is named EZ-D,for EASY DNA extraction.Compared with the original cetyl trimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)method,DNA extracted by EZ-D is more efficient in polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification due to the more stable performance of the EZ-D stick.The EZ-D method is also faster,easier,and cheaper.PCR analyses showed that DNA extracted from several types of plant tissues by EZ-D was appropriate for specific identification of biological samples.A regular PCR reaction can detect the EZ-D-extracted DNA template at concentration as low as 0.1 ng/μL.Evaluation of the EZ-D showed that DNA extracts could be successfully amplified by PCR reaction for DNA fragments up to 3000 bp in length and up to 80%in GC content.EZ-D was successfully used for DNA extraction from a variety of plant species and plant tissues.Moreover,when EZ-D was combined with the loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)method,DNA identification of biological samples could be achieved without the need for specialized equipment.As an optimized DNA purification method,EZ-D shows great advantages in application and can be used widely in laboratories where equipment is limited and rapid results are required.