东西方文化冲突在母女之间的反映——论谭恩美小说《喜福会》中的母女关系

美国华裔作家谭恩美在其小说《喜福会》中选择母女关系作为故事的重要线索,表现母女之间存在的矛盾。文章分析这种矛盾产生的由来、其深层根源和解决的过程,以揭示华裔家庭面临的困扰,暗示出母女间的理解和沟通是解决这些困扰的一种途径。     

Por los ojos de madres: Latina mothers’ understandings of college readiness

In this study, data from six focus groups with 30 Latina mothers in South Texas were analyzed utilizing a “funds of knowledge” approach to uncover their understandings of college readiness and their role in ensuring their children are college ready. Findings indicate that Latina mothers perceived college readiness in a holistic fashion, similar to the concept of educación, in that being college ready encompasses academic preparation and other particular personal attributes that ensure success in college. Mothers also believed they had a shared responsibility in college readiness efforts by providing emotional, financial, and moral support while school personnel and students were responsible for other aspects. Such findings are crucial given that current college readiness research does not explicitly consider the role of parents in college readiness efforts or how parents perceive this notion.     

An Integrative Review of Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children with Autism in Japan

Abstract

Parents of children with autism experience elevated stress that may be influenced by specific characteristics of the child and parent, including cultural norms and beliefs about parenting. However, there is little research on families of children with autism from cultural perspectives. The purpose of this integrative review is to identify factors influencing parenting stress in mothers of children with autism in Japan. A final sample of 15 primary research articles (2000–2015) on parenting stress in mothers of Japanese children with autism was selected using several databases. The findings suggested that these mothers experience much greater parenting stress than mothers of typically developing children and children with other disabilities. Japanese mothers also demonstrate stress related to attachment difficulties, low parenting efficacy and lack of support, reflecting Japanese parenting styles and gender ideology. Parent-directed and culturally calibrated interventions are needed to support parents of children with autism, especially cultural minority parents.     

Building on existing informal learning in Traveller communities through family literacy programmes: an Irish case study

Focusing on Ireland, this paper explores the potential role family literacy programmes can play in influencing educational attainment and in fostering positive attitudes towards formal learning in Traveller families. It is often claimed that members of the Traveller community tend to undervalue learning; that they are uninterested in their children's education and perceive it holds little relevance to adult life. However, research shows that significant forms of learning do take place within the family, for example, skills-based work-related learning. Further, there is evidence to suggest that some Traveller parents believe there is value in educating their children and there is a growing recognition, especially by mothers, that children need to achieve academically, particularly where there are concerns that migrant workers are accessing the jobs, Travellers have traditionally performed. Drawing on Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and field, the author argues that family literacy programmes can potentially offer an alternative space in which to engage Travellers in formal education and that such engagement has the potential to impact positively on the academic attainment and achievement of Traveller children by helping mothers recognise, and build on, the informal learning in which they are already engaged.     

旧道德与新思想：维新女性的“贤妻良母”女学观

清末维新时期,一批先进的知识女性在维新运动的影响下开始觉醒,并积极投身到妇女解放的事业中。作为最早觉醒的女性,她们还处于新旧之间,自身的知识体系和道德伦理观念也还是旧式的。所以,对维新男性们所提出的培养新型“贤妻良母”的女学理念,她们是认同的,其宣传活动也体现出她们在积极践行着这一理念。     

教科书中的母职叙事——以X版小学语文教科书为中心的考察

教科书作为一种合法性知识文本,是主流意识形态的承载物。母亲角色是女性重要的身份,分析教科书中的母职图像,可以呈现教科书所建构的理想母职观念及其背后的社会权力关系。本研究运用文本分析法对我国X版小学语文教科书的选文和插图进行分析,以探究教科书对理想母职的再现策略及其背后所建构的母职意识形态。笔者发现:第一,X版小学语文教科书中的母亲形象呈现出“家庭化”和“弱势化”两大特征。第二,X版小学语文教科书通过女性刻板印象、母职的社会公共角色缺失以及母职符号化等叙事方式建构了当前理想的母职观念。第三,X版小学语文教科书通过“惩戒凝视”和“自我标准化”这两种策略实现了理想母职的再生产。最后,根据研究发现对小学语文教科书的母职呈现提出建议,以期能够对小学语文教科书的编写提供一定的借鉴。     

母性的沦丧与异化——张爱玲小说中的母亲形象及母女关系探析

张爱玲的小说以一种异于常人的情感体验,书写了一群非常态的母亲形象,颠覆了中国传统文化中母亲的伟大形象,她所塑造的母亲,自私、病态为其标签,对母亲与儿女关系的刻画更是从另一个角度给我们提供了新的思索。     

自闭症儿童母亲在养育儿童过程中的需求调查

本研究的目的是了解中国大陆的自闭症儿童的母亲在养育儿童的过程中需要什么样的支援。这次调查考虑到我国的地域性差异,选出了5个地区的具有代表性的民间疗育机构,对机构内接受指导的200名母亲(每个机构40名,平均年龄33.6岁)进行问卷式问答。这些机构都设立在大中城市。结果发现在中国还没有专门进行自闭症儿童的诊断、治疗、咨询、疗育、保育、教育的医院、机构、学校。而且,自闭症儿童的母亲们对孩子的养育和教育,以及对儿童的将来有极大的不安,却找不到可以咨询的机构和机会。这是造成母亲们育儿苦恼的最大原因。另外,造成母亲们苦恼的因素还有经济负担,这和政府机构所提供的支持有很大关系。     

Effects of social persuasion from parents and teachers on Chinese students’ self-efficacy: an exploratory study

This study compared the effects of social persuasion from parents and teachers on students’ self-efficacy in reading comprehension in English as a foreign language. Ninety-nine Grade 8 Chinese students in a secondary school in Hong Kong completed a questionnaire with six scenarios which tapped their self-efficacy after receiving positive and negative feedback that were described as coming from their teacher, mother and father. Students decreased their self-efficacy after receiving negative feedback and the source of feedback did not make a statistically significant difference. Conversely, positive feedback led to an increase in self-efficacy with the mother’s positive feedback leading to a higher increase in self-efficacy than feedback from the teacher and the father. No statistically significant difference was noted in the change in self-efficacy after receiving feedback from the father and the teacher. Parents and teachers should increase the use of positive feedback and decrease that of negative feedback. Implications for collaboration between teachers and parents in providing positive feedback on students’ academic performance were discussed.     

浅析80后母亲的角色冲突

80后母亲是80后年轻女性与"母亲"这一传统角色相结合的复合型角色,针对这一新的特殊社会群体,分析了她们面临的社会角色与母亲角色、自我角色与母亲角色、时代角色与传统角色等多重冲突,并从矛盾的统一性出发,提出了协调这些角色冲突的初步设想。