Encoded Archival Description: Are Finding Aids Boundary Spanners or Barriers for Users?

ABSTRACT

The article reports the results of a usability study of an EAD interface. Findings indicate that subjects had trouble understanding archival terminology and how best to search for information in finding aids. Furthermore, they were not familiar with the structure or contents of finding aids. In addition to building interfaces that minimize archival jargon and rely heavily on users' prior understanding of hierarchical finding aids, this study indicates that users require new forms of virtual reference assistance in the online environment.     

Describing Anything That Walks

ABSTRACT

Anchored on the Vietnamese American Project (VAP), this essay presents the documentation of the Vietnamese American Experience through the voices of ethnic Vietnamese in Orange County, California, home to the largest concentration of this ethnic group outside Vietnam. Groundbreaking in its approach and method, VAP is an open forum that enables community assessment, self education, public memory preservation, and the first step toward understanding Vietnamese America and the Vietnamese diaspora. The cross-sectional narratives encompass transcontinental accounts of first and 1.5 generations of Vietnamese refugees and their children, and subsequently focus on their coming to terms with their second home in America, dwelling on how ethnic Vietnamese have negotiated with political turmoil, socioeconomic changes, and cultural identity. The paper, as the VAP, bridges cultural and linguistic barriers, connecting the native land and the adopted country. In short, the paper through its synthesis of the VAP: (1) gives a timely response to the urgent needs to understand and study the ethnic Vietnamese community in Orange County, providing much-needed primary data on the respective population for the ethnic communities and interdisciplinary scholarship; (2) serves as a healing process for members of the Vietnamese American community in Orange County and other victims of war; (3) sheds light onto intra- and inter-ethnic relations, fostering community consolidation, forging cross-cultural collaborations, and nurturing racial harmony; (4) contributes to an important period in American history with perspectives that are lacking in the extant literature; and (5) will conduce peace by bringing out the human experience in America's longest war.     

Giving Structure to Legacy Finding Aids Before Conversion to EAD: The Case of the Archives Départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques,France

SUMMARY

At the Archives Départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, the encoding of more than forty legacy finding aids written between 1863 and 2000 is part of a program of digitization of the collections. Because of the size of the project, an external consultant, ArchProteus, has been brought in and specific management procedures have been put in place within the institution. The conversion has allowed the testing and verification of the flexibility of the EAD DTD, despite the various hurdles negotiated throughout the project, such as the necessity of reengineering finding aids, and standardizing index terms, etc. It becomes clear that a conversion project–in this case, a retrospective conversion–will lead the archivist to rethink the production of finding aids and the relationship with users and patrons.     

21st Century Readers' Aids: Past History and Future Directions

ABSTRACT

This article provides a brief history of the development of library subject guides (often referred to as pathfinders) from the late 1800s to the present. During this period, subject guides have changed both their focus and format. The needs of academic institutions at the turn of the 20th century were very different than they are today, and technology that was non-existent then has become ubiquitous. Much can be learned from studying the evolution of these important library tools and looking to the future as they mature even further.     

长江下游航标失常的影响因子量化分析

以长江下游某段水域10年的航标失常统计数据为实例,运用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联分析方法,建立长江下游航标失常数与其影响因子之间的关系模型,探讨主要影响因子对航标失常的作用,为航标失常机理及预防的深入研究打下基础.     

研究生收费与资助制度改革研究

研究生收费试点已在一些高校开始试行,试点学校将取消计划内和计划外区别,所有研究生都要交费上学。同时,试点学校将提高研究生资助力度,扩大资助覆盖面;建立符合研究生培养特点的激励机制;强调导师在研究生培养和资助方面的重要作用。     

Validity of the activPAL and Height-Adjusted Curvilinear Cadence-METs Equations in Healthy Adults

ABSTRACT

The activPAL is a widely-used measure of sedentary time but few studies have evaluated its ability to estimate physical activity intensity. This study determined the accuracy of the algorithm used by the activPAL to predict metabolic equivalents (METs) from cadence and a curvilinear cadence-METs equation individualized for height. Thirty-six healthy adults (25 ± 6 years) completed a progressive walking protocol. Stepping cadence was video recorded and METs were determined via indirect calorimetry. Manually-counted cadence was input into the activPAL and curvilinear equations. The internal activPAL equation overpredicted METs at slower cadences (<120 steps/minute) but underpredicted METs at faster cadences (>120 step/minute) (proportional bias, p < .001). Conversely, the curvilinear equation exhibited neither fixed (p = .37) nor proportional bias (p = .07), and a lower absolute MET difference [0.87 ± 0.65 (range:0.0–3.2) vs. 0.56 ± 0.45 (range:0.0–2.7) METs]. The linear activPAL equation poorly estimates METs from stepping cadence but these inaccuracies may be lessened through the use of an individualized curvilinear equation.     

论竞走运动的技术特点及其训练

竞走运动技术结构一是“腾空”，二是“直腿”。这也是技术训练的重点和难点。把技术训练与能力训练结合起来，乃之竞走训练的升华。     

尼科拉耶娃竞走技术诊断及分析

以国际田联规定的竞走定义为依据,采用现场技术动作录像及技术动作高速摄影的方法,对俄罗斯的尼科拉耶娃在1995年世界杯竞走赛的比赛技术进行诊断。技术诊断结果如下:(1)在10km赛程中能够保持稳定的步长,且步长与步频合理;(2)单步技术中腾空时间处于不可见腾空时限,且躯干角合理,身体重心上下起伏较小;(3)单步技术中前脚着地时脚掌与地面的仰角合理,支撑腿至垂直部位的膝角正确。     

对第9届全运会男子50 km竞走比赛中运动员技术犯规情况的调查

通过对九运会男子50 km竞走比赛中运动员技术犯规情况调查显示,屈膝性质犯规是主要的技术问题,并且技术不稳定,发现多高峰持续屈膝犯规的情况.