矩阵方程组异类约束解的MCG1-3-5算法

借鉴求线性矩阵方程组同类约束解的MCG算法（修正共轭梯度法）,建立了求多个未知矩阵的线性矩阵方程组的一种异类约束解的MCG1-3-5算法,证明了该算法的收敛性。该算法不仅可以判断矩阵方程组的异类约束解是否存在,而且在有异类约束解,且不考虑舍入误差时,可在有限步计算后求得矩阵方程组的一组异类约束解;选取特殊初始矩阵时,求得矩阵方程组的极小范数异类约束解。同时还能求取指定矩阵在该矩阵方程组异类约束解集合中的最佳逼近。算例表明,该算法有效。     

Student Perceptions of the Use of Writing in a Differential Equations Course

The use of writing to learn mathematics at the university-level is a pedagogical tool that has been gaining momentum. The setting of this study is a second-year differential equations class where written assignments have been incorporated into the course. By analyzing survey results and students' written work, we examine the extent to which students view writing as an effective learning strategy, as well as their beliefs about the relationship between mathematical writing and communication. We also discuss what students' narratives reveal about their past mathematical experiences.     

宏观经济因素影响证券市场波动的联立方程模型研究

证券市场是宏观经济的“晴雨表”,股票市场与宏观经济的关系一直是研究的热点问题。本文通过分析我国证券市场的发展情况,以及股价指数与主要经济变量之间的关系,建立了宏观经济变量与证券市场波动的联立方程模型,并利用1992年1月到2007年12月的月度数据进行了实证分析。     

四阶常系数非齐次线性微分方程特解的解法

在已有文献所给的解一元四次方程方法的基础上,给出了求解四阶常系数方程的详细步骤,同时,利用常数变易法和分部积分法,以及高等代数的相关知识,得到了在两种情况下四阶常系数非齐次线性微分方程特解的两个定理.     

带有缺失数据线性回归模型的变量选择

通过惩罚估计方程,对响应变量随机缺失下的线性回归模型,给出了一个变量选择方法,并结合局部二次逼近,得到了一个迭代算法,证明了此变量选择方法是相合的并且所得估计达到最优的参数收敛速度,最后通过数据模拟研究了此方法的有限样本性质.     

一类超定双曲型方程组的Riemann-Hilbert边值问题

用函数论的方法研究了一类线性超定双曲型方程组的解,即多双曲复数的一类广义双曲正则函数,在一般柱形域上它的Riemann-Hilbert边值问题的提法,可解条件,解的表示,唯一性和存在性。     

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Test of Performance Strategies (TOPS) among adolescent athletes

The aim of the present study was to examine the factorial validity of the Test of Performance Strategies (TOPS; Thomas et al., ) among adolescent athletes using confirmatory factor analysis. The TOPS was designed to assess eight psychological strategies used in competition (i.e. activation, automaticity, emotional control, goal-setting, imagery, negative thinking, relaxation and self-talk,) and eight used in practice (the same strategies except negative thinking is replaced by attentional control). National-level athletes (n?=?584) completed the 64-item TOPS during training camps. Fit indices provided partial support for the overall measurement model for the competition items (robust comparative fit index?=?0.92, Tucker-Lewis index?=?0.88, root mean square error of approximation?=?0.05) but minimal support for the training items (robust comparative fit index?=?0.86, Tucker-Lewis index?=?0.81, root mean square error of approximation?=?0.06). For the competition items, the automaticity, goal-setting, relaxation and self-talk scales showed good fit, whereas the activation, emotional control, imagery and negative thinking scales did not. For the practice items, the attentional control, emotional control, goal-setting, imagery and self-talk scales showed good fit, whereas the activation, automaticity and relaxation scales did not. Overall, it appears that the factorial validity of the TOPS for use with adolescents is questionable at present and further development is required.     

基于横噪声消除的医学粘连图像边缘分割算法

针对CCD型医学图像中,在细胞粘连区域信号附近出现的较强的横条纹噪声干扰,影响图像信息的正确性,分割后会存在边界模糊和锯齿条文的问题,为提高医学图像分割效果,提出了一种基于横条纹噪声消除的医学粘连图像边缘分割算法。分析了医学图像中边沿横条纹噪声的原因,通过wold纹理模型与多尺度马尔可夫随机场模型,利用确定性随机场和不确定性随机场的谱属性不同的特征,将医学图像边沿的干扰特征分离开,有利于对粘连医学图像进行分割。实验证明,方法有效地去除了横条纹噪声并很好地保留了图像的边缘和细节信息,同时运算复杂度低。     

Reliability and validity of different methods of estimating the one-repetition maximum during the free-weight prone bench pull exercise

ABSTRACT

This study examined the reliability and validity of three methods of estimating the one-repetition maximum (1RM) during the free-weight prone bench pull exercise. Twenty-six men (22 rowers and four weightlifters) performed an incremental loading test until reaching their 1RM, followed by a set of repetitions-to-failure. Eighteen participants were re-tested to conduct the reliability analysis. The 1RM was estimated through the lifts-to-failure equations proposed by Lombardi and O’Connor, general load-velocity (L-V) relationships proposed by Sánchez-Medina and Loturco and the individual L-V relationships modelled using four (multiple-point method) or only two loads (two-point method). The direct method provided the highest reliability (coefficient of variation [CV] = 2.45% and intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.97), followed by the Lombardi’s equation (CV = 3.44% and ICC = 0.94), and no meaningful differences were observed between the remaining methods (CV range = 4.95–6.89% and ICC range = 0.81–0.91). The lifts-to-failure equations overestimated the 1RM (3.43–4.08%), the general L-V relationship proposed by Sánchez-Medina underestimated the 1RM (?3.77%), and no significant differences were observed for the remaining prediction methods (?0.40–0.86%). The individual L-V relationship could be recommended as the most accurate method for predicting the 1RM during the free-weight prone bench pull exercise.     

Comparison of different theoretical models estimating peak power output and maximal oxygen uptake in trained and elite triathletes and endurance cyclists in the velodrome

Abstract

The primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between heart rate intensity and pedometer step counts in adolescents. To determine cardiorespiratory fitness, 106 participants (47 boys, 59 girls, mean age 14.2 years, s = 0.8) completed the Queen's College Step Test and were classified as having low, moderate or high cardiorespiratory fitness. Adolescents also completed a 10-min treadmill trial while wearing a pedometer and heart rate monitor. The participants were instructed to maintain their heart rate between 65 and 75% of their maximum heart rate while running or walking on a treadmill. A heart rate of 65–75% maximum was associated with 146 steps per minute (s = 22) in boys and 137 steps per minute (s = 22) in girls. Results of analysis of variance indicated that there was a main effect for level of fitness (F _2,102 = 9.36, P < 0.001). The correlation between mean steps per minute and estimated maximum oxygen consumption was statistically significant (r = 0.44, P < 0.001). The results from this study suggest that a step rate of 130 steps per minute is equal to 65–75% maximum heart rate in low-fit adolescents and achieving 130 steps per minute could be used as an initial goal to improve fitness.