应急管理专业防灾减灾课程建设初步研究

防灾减灾课程是应急管理专业的基础课,但在目前国内应急管理专业教材体系尚未健全的情况下,如何建设好应急管理专业的防灾减灾课程,成为专业发展所面临的最重要任务之一。本文分析了防灾减灾课程在应急管理专业课程体系中的位置,以及建设防灾减灾课程面临的困难和挑战,提出了构建该课程体系的主要思路,明确了课程建设的努力方向。     

Introduction to Enhanced Protective Film Systems

An explosive blast mitigation alternative has increased the safety of structures by using "catcher" systems.These systems " catch" or repel the failure of the window or in-fill wall protecting life and property from ballistic shards or fragments.They can be designed to be standalone in new construction and structural retrofits or used to augment structural hardening techniques.Cables,fabrics,and thin gauge sheet steel are examples of catcher systems used in the past.A new and evolving category of catcher systems are based on polymeric materials that can be used for both wall and window upgrades.These products are a proven blast mitigation concept and K&C Protective Technologies Pte Ltd (KCPT) together with Sherwin-Williams(SW) use KCPT's blast engineering capacity and SW's material engineering principles to create engineered systems for even greater in-use performance.     

偏振模色散对光副载波复用系统的影响及其抑制

光链路的偏振模色散效应已成为高速 /长距离的传统光时分复用系统和光副载波复用系统的严重阻碍。文章基于一阶近似 ,导出了光副载波系统中 ,偏振模色散效应引起的射频信号功率衰落的一般表达式。并且研究了几种偏振模色散抑制方法的优缺点 ,提出了一种全新的相干检测技术来提高补偿性能。     

Effect of Foam Cladding for Blast Mitigation： Numerical Simulation

Two numerical simulations were performed to investigate the protective effect of the foam cladding. One simulation is based on a previous experimental study, which is a ballistic pendulum with and without a foam cladding subjected to close-range blast loading. The other model is a steel beam with and without a foam cladding under blast loading. The overpressure due to the blast event can be calculated by the empirical function ConWep or by an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian （ALE） coupling model. The first approach is relatively simple and widely used. The second approach can model the propagation of the blast wave in the air and the interaction between the air and the solid. It is found that the pendulum with the foam cladding always swings to a larger rotation angel compared to a bare pendulum. However, the steel beam with an appropriate foam cladding has a smaller deflection compared to the bare beam without a foam cladding. It is concluded that the protective effect of the foam cladding depends on the properties of the foam and the protected structure.     

移动自组网AODV多路径路由研究

AODV协议是唯一通过IETF批准成为RFC文档的移动自组网按需控制路由协议．分析AODV路由协议工作过程及优缺点，并介绍了几种典型的基于AODV的多路径路由改进协议，最后对这些多路径协议进行优缺点分析及性能比较。     

基于OFDM的数字调幅广播系统

介绍正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的原理、特点及其在慢时变多径信道中的模型,并给出它在DRM数字调幅广播中的应用.     

减轻处罚适用中的一个难题及其解决——兼谈刑法第37条的理解和运用

当法定最低刑为管制时,如何适用减轻处罚,在法律规定上存在漏洞。认为应适用罚金与没收财产的代表性观点实际上加重了处罚,没有合理地弥补该漏洞。对此难题的化解应导入刑法第37条,给予免除处罚。     

Challenges and possibilities in climate change education

Educating and communicating about climate change is challenging. Researchers reported that climate change concepts are often misunderstood. Some people do not believe that climate change will have impacts on their own life. Other challenges may include people＇s difficulty in perceiving small or gradual environmental changes, the fact that overconsumption brings people power and recognition, people＇s weak connection to nature, and people＇s tendency to make emotional decisions and quickly solve environmental problems. Drawn from research, some climate change communication and education strategies are presented. Well designed environmental messages could convince people that they can still reduce the scale of the phenomenon and could link mitigation actions to people＇s positive desires or aspirations, while providing local examples of climate change impacts and illustrated information. In mitigation education, some strategies （future education, reflective, experiential, socio-constructivist approaches and the community of change）, jointly used, could correct the learners＇ misconceptions and lead them to action. In adaptation education, scientists and citizens could get together to choose a specific problem that may worsen with climate change, analyze it, and propose and implement adaptations. In the meantime, pedagogical strategies inspired by cognitive science could strengthen the citizens＇ skills： posing and solving problems, decision-making, scenario building and sustainable planning.     

我国的自然灾害与防灾减灾教育思考

中国是世界上自然灾害多发的少数国家之一,具有自然灾害种类多,发生频率高、强度大,分布广、地域差异明显等特征.近年来,我国自然灾害发生频繁,损失巨大,造成了人员的身心创伤,增加了社会不安定因素,破坏了自然资源与环境.这就从客观上要求我们要提高防灾减灾教育必要性的认识,借鉴国外先进的防灾减灾教育经验,从政府重视开始,推动防灾减灾教育普及化、经常化和法制化;从基础教育着手,把防灾减灾教育纳入国民教育体系;采取多种形式,加强对公众的防灾减灾宣传;加强防灾减灾专业人员的培训,为落实科学发展、构建和谐社会做出应有的贡献.     

新现实主义视角下从“缓和”看“重启”

在新现实主义理论框架下,各个行为体在体系中有着各自的运作模式以及各个行为体之间的互动关系。在此理论框架下探讨20世纪70年代两极对抗中的＂缓和＂,和奥巴马政府上台后,与俄罗斯谋求＂重启＂的共性和差异,以及对＂重启＂走势的评估。