斡脱：蒙元时期民事制度的一个创新

本是对蒙元时期的特殊商业现象——斡脱进行研究。首先，对蒙元时期的斡脱语义进行了分析，认为在蒙古族中早就有发这个音的词，后来西域人到蒙古国后，这个词出现了多种意义，其中之一是成为一种商业的专称。其次，本重点论证了斡脱作为一种民事行为相当于现代的信托行为。最后，对斡脱作为信托在蒙元时期商业活动中的作用进行了评估。     

谈高职差生教育转化的方法

高职院校中转化差生工作是一项重要工作,教师要用爱心去感化差生,用真诚去关爱差生,对他们理解尊重,与他们平等交流,就一定能促使他们向好的方向转化。     

文质互变发展的顶峰与拐点——略论刘勰的文学发展观

在刘勰看来,以往文学发展的状态的变化,其实质都是因为文质互为量变而形成的递进和衰退。准确地说,他认为:在商周之前,是一个递进的过程,而从商周以后则是一段衰退的历史。那么,商周就成了实际意义上文质彬彬的顶峰。然而,文质无法达到绝对的平衡,商周的“丽而雅”已经开始显示出文进质退的趋势。所以,不可否认,商周实际上又成为文胜质的拐点。文学的发展,在商周之后,便逐步走上了“从质至讹,弥近弥澹”的道路。     

孙膑对孙子兵学的贡献

孙膑是继孙子后战国时期的著名军事家,有兵书《孙膑兵法》传世。《孙子兵法》所反映的战争理论带有明显的战国色彩,孙膑是孙武兵学的宗室传人。同时,孙膑又是一名杰出的战将,在历史上留下了诸多运用兵法的典型战例,在丰富作战经历基础上总结而成的《孙膑兵法》,在战争观问题、战略战术问题、治军建军问题上都对孙子兵法有所继承和发展,孙膑对于孙子兵法的丰富和发展有着显著的贡献。     

略论知识经济与社会主义精神文明

知识经济的发展 ,必将促使社会经济、政治、文化以及人的思维、行为方式等发生全面而深刻的变化。探索知识经济与社会主义精神文明建设的相互关系 ,对加强人们的思想道德建设和生态文明建设有着重要的意义     

Results of an assessment to identify potential barriers to sustainable agriculture on American Indian reservations in the Western United States

Purpose: This paper reports the results of survey research conducted with tribal producers between 2011 and 2012 on 19 of the largest American Indian reservations in Idaho, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, and Washington. The purpose of the research was to identify potential barriers to sustainable agriculture on reservation lands. This article reports the results of this research in an effort to promote Extension professionals' understanding of these barriers, which may help to improve outreach programs on American Indian reservations. Understanding the obstacles to sustaining agriculture that American Indian tribes face may inform international agricultural outreach efforts to increase food security targeting indigenous and tribal peoples worldwide.

Design/Methodology/Approach: American Indian agricultural producers comprised the study group. Study objectives included: (1) identify agricultural and natural resource issues of greatest concern to a self-selected sample of tribal agricultural producers on reservation lands; (2) evaluate access to Extension and other US Department of Agriculture outreach and assistance programs; and (3) evaluate the quality of these programs in terms of their relativity to tribal needs.

Findings: Study results indicate that tribal agricultural producers surveyed ranked 29 of 39 agricultural and natural resource issues as a concern. Similarly, they rated access to and quality of outreach programs as fair. Further, tribal producers operating on reservation trust land rated issues more severely than did tribal producers operating on fee simple lands.

Practical Implications: Results of this research will help Extension and other outreach professionals to understand the barriers indigenous and tribal peoples face in sustaining agricultural operations, particularly tribal groups living on federally reserved trust lands, such as American Indians. An increased understanding can inform agricultural policy-makers and outreach professionals in improving programs designed to increase agricultural sustainability, improve food security, enhance economic well-being and improve quality of life of indigenous and tribal peoples worldwide.

Originality/Value: This research provides important information to agricultural policy-makers and Extension professionals striving to sustain agricultural productivity and enhance food security with indigenous and tribal peoples.     

当代西方社会学信任研究的新趋势

20世纪70年代以来,当代西方社会学在继承古典与现代社会学信任研究的积极成果的基础上,将信任作为自己的一个专门研究课题,并在短短的20多年的时间里取得了丰硕的研究成果。这些研究成果呈现出当代西方社会学信任研究的三大新趋势,即信任研究的理论自觉性日益增强、范围日益集中以及主题日益具体而系统。这三大新趋势预示了信任社会学作为社会学的一门新的分支学科在当代西方即将形成。研究与分析当代西方社会学信任研究的新趋势,不仅将推进社会学信任理论的研究与建构,而且也将为构建作为我国社会主义市场经济强大内在支撑的社会信任提供直接的借鉴与启示。     

略论"诚信泉州"的建设

建设诚信泉州,形成诚信的社会环境和制度规范,以适应市场经济发展和国际竞争的需要,是极为重要的。文章调研泉州地区诚信缺失的表现、分析其危害及原因,略论建设诚信泉州的意义以及途径。     

论胡赫翼的管理和军事才能

被称为成同中兴三大名臣之一的胡林翼，在整顿贵州、经营湖北方面均体现出了他杰出的管理才能，而在湖北对太平天国的镇压，又凸显了他杰出的军事才能。对胡林翼的文武之才进行论述和考证，深入了解胡林翼的思想和才能，进一步分析研究湘军和中国近代史。