科技论文信息缺失和异位的编辑识别与纠正

结合编辑实践,列举并剖析科技论文中信息缺失与异位的常见类型,提出编辑在加工时应采取的对策与措施,纠正、还原信息的原有生态位,真正体现信息传播的价值。     

为《中图法》缩身

《中图法》作为我国大部分图书馆及信息机构对图书资料进行类分的“法典”，其编排体例日趋完善，但笔者在文献编目实践中发现存在重复立类、类目虚设、类名繁琐等问题，本文对这些问题逐一分析，并提出了自己的修改方案。     

若干新型数字图书保护方法的设计与应用

介绍了目前已有的一些数字图书保护技术，分析了它们的不足之处，提出了两种离线型新型数字图书安全保护方法。     

Alexa,Siri, Cortana,and More: An Introduction to Voice Assistants

Voice assistants are software agents that can interpret human speech and respond via synthesized voices. Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, and Google’s Assistant are the most popular voice assistants and are embedded in smartphones or dedicated home speakers. Users can ask their assistants questions, control home automation devices and media playback via voice, and manage other basic tasks such as email, to-do lists, and calendars with verbal commands. This column will explore the basic workings and common features of today’s voice assistants. It will also discuss some of the privacy and security issues inherent to voice assistants and some potential future uses for these devices. As voice assistants become more widely used, librarians will want to be familiar with their operation and perhaps consider them as a means to deliver library services and materials.     

The Use of Augmented Reality Technology in Medical Specimen Museum Tours

Human anatomical specimen museums are commonly used by medical, nursing, and paramedical students. Through dissection and prosection, the specimens housed in these museums allow students to appreciate the complex relationships of organs and structures in more detail than textbooks could provide. However, it may be difficult for students, particularly novices, to identify the various parts of these anatomical structures without additional explanations from a docent or supplemental illustrations. Recently, augmented reality (AR) has been used in many museum exhibits to display virtual objects in videos captured from the real world. This technology can significantly enhance the learning experience. In this study, three AR-based support systems for tours in medical specimen museums were developed, and their usability and effectiveness for learning were examined. The first system was constructed using an AR marker. This system could display virtual label information for specimens by capturing AR markers using a tablet camera. Individual AR markers were required for all specimens, but their presence in and on the prosected specimens could also be obtrusive. The second system was developed to set the specimen image itself as an image marker, as most specimens were displayed in cross section. Visitors could then obtain the label information presented by AR without any markers intruding on the display or anatomical specimens. The third system was comprised of a head-mounted display combined with a natural click interface. The system could provide visitors with an environment for the natural manipulation of virtual objects with future scalability.     

中文电子病历的分词及实体识别研究

[目的/意义]健康医疗大数据是我国重要的基础性战略资源，本研究对中文电子病历分词与实体识别的探讨与实证较好地完成了医疗数据的信息抽取任务，对今后医疗大数据在语义层面的应用发展具有重要意义。[方法/过程]本研究首先融合权威词表、官方标准、健康网站数据及其他医学补充词库构建了词语数量级达到10万的医学词表；然后对电子病历的字段进行分词，对比了jieba工具、导入词典后的jieba、无监督学习及AC自动机4种模型的分词效果；最后，以自动分词和人工标注结果为语料，实现基于条件随机场的电子病历实体识别研究，并比较不同实体类别以及不同文本特征下的实体识别效果，选出最优模板。[结果/结论]分词结果显示，AC自动机的效果最好，F值可达82%；实体识别结果表明，"检查"和"疾病"实体的识别效果最好，而"症状"的识别效果不太理想。     

中国画款识的几种特殊记时法

中国画时间记载的方法呈多样化,一些特殊的记时方法流传不广而少为人知。作为一个现代美术工作者,对这些特殊记时法的来源、应用方法及效果加以探讨与认识,可以对这些特殊记时法有一个全面的了解,在实践中更好地灵活应用。     

面向信息处理的蒙古文同形异音词读音识别研究

针对500万词级《现代蒙古语文数据库》中出现的同形异音词，我们选取其中出现频率较高的140个词，根据它们在100万词级《现代蒙古语文数据库》中与其他词语的搭配情况，给出了读音识别条件。对122个文件进行计算机处理的结果，自动识别的正确率达到99．01％。     

论商号与商标权利冲突的法律对策

商号与商标的权利冲突现象在实践中大量存在,既有经济利益驱动的内在原因,又有立法不完善的外在原因。为解决这一问题,应改变现有的分别立法的作法,将商号权的保护纳入到商标法的保护范畴之中,同时完善现有的商号登记程序,增加联合检索和公示异议程序,在立法中明确对侵权商号和商标的处理方式。     

基于条件随机场的学术期刊中理论的自动识别方法

[目的/意义]从学术期刊中抽取其中的理论是对文献进行内容分析的前提,实现理论名称识别的自动化可以提高内容分析的效率。[方法/过程]将理论识别视为一类命名实体识别问题,总结现有的命名实体识别的常用方法,提出一个基于语义泛化思想的命名实体识别方法,选取词性、知网义原等外部知识,采用CRF模型对《情报学报》1822篇论文的标题和摘要进行实验。[结果/结论]实验表明,识别准确率最高达到95.38%,但召回率较低;训练语料规模对性能影响较大,不同程度的语义泛化方法对准确率和召回率有复杂影响。如何选择语义特征、语义标注和语义消歧是需要解决的新问题。