The Role of Religious Higher Education in the Training of Teachers of Russian ‘Orthodox Culture’1

This article provides an ethnographic account of the tensions arising from the different ways of building authority as teachers and the role of higher education in establishing teachers' legitimacy in Russia through the specific example of religious education. After state atheism was abandoned in 1991, an unprecedented demand for religious knowledge appeared in Russia, in particular in relation to Russian Orthodoxy. Since the Russian context of Orthodox education lacks shared standards, there is considerable latitude in the criteria determining norms and rules. Seeking to increase its influence, the Russian Orthodox Church aspires to have Orthodox catechism taught in a systematic way both in parishes and in secular schools. In practice, the Church is encouraging professional pedagogues to submit their curriculum proposals that would be suffused with Orthodoxy and at the same time be eligible for adoption in all settings and institutions. Thus, in order to educate teachers of religion, the Church has made available multiple, diverse sources of religious knowledge (self-learning, various courses offered by the eparchies, Spiritual Academies, and other institutions of higher education). But the legitimacy of these sources is often questioned, for instance by asking whether the institution that delivers diplomas of religious higher education has been granted formal state recognition. The teachers' quest for being acknowledged as competent technicians of religious education leads to competing claims for the authenticity of the sources of their training.     

Christianity and Miao Education in Shimenkan,Guizhou

Shimenkan is a remote and mountainous village in Weining county, Guizhou province, an area traditionally populated by Miao ethnic minority. The arrival of Christian missionaries just over 100 years ago began Shimenkan’s transformation from an illiterate school-less place, to a “revered site of Miao education.” Today, Shimenkan has returned to being the worst performing part of Weining county in terms of educational attainment. By investigating and analyzing the impact of Christianity on Miao school education and community education, this paper will discuss how Miao students are coping with cultural aspects of education and community amidst social change, and the impact of the cultural context on their academic achievement. Where foreign culture meets local demands, little resistance to cultural education exists. In such circumstances, outside culture is likely to be accepted in the community, and may generate positive outcomes.     

母语负迁移视角下的英语口语教学探索

中国学生使用英语交流时,受母语负迁移的影响,会产生一系列的口语错误。这种母语迁移的影响存在于二语习得的每一个阶段。本文基于学生英语口语运用的实际情况,从初步建立语言体系、熟练运用语言规则、形成言语能力三个方面探索现阶段的英语口语教学,希望可以突破英语口语教学瓶颈,提高教学水平,促进中国学生口语能力的发展。     

犹太教纯洁化观念下的“共同体想象”再分析

犹太教基于"纯洁化"的生活形式的追求而指向的"共同体想象"就其本质而言具有世界性意义,这一点使其在后现代视野中具有了与基督教"上帝观"(后现代条件下)之内涵达成沟通的可能,即通过二者之间的"对话"具有达成关于未来生活设想的"共同意见"的可能性,而这可以为后现代社会下的人类整体未来走向提供有益的思想借鉴。     

母语思维对外语教学的启示

母语思维存在于外语学习中是一个不争的事实。文章从心理语言学的角度,从思维与语言的关系及语言具有共同性的特点出发,去探讨母语思维的正面作用,分析外语教学中存在的一些问题,提出了恰当地利用母语思维,提高教学效率的必要性。     

Making the Cyrillic OPAC a Reality

SUMMARY

The steps leading to the development of a Cyrillic OPAC at Queens Borough Public Library are presented by the authors. Issues covered include Cyrillic character display, font requirements, searching strategies, web browser interface development, authority and subject control, promotion, and publicity. The importance of librarian and customer involvement and training are discussed.     

试论中国现代乡土小说中“游子还乡”母题的文化内涵

中国现代乡土小说在文学上的地位举足轻重,贡献颇多。该文以鲁迅及其影响下的乡土小说和左翼、东北作家群、京派等创作的乡土小说为研究对象,仅就启蒙的文化批判主题、左翼文学中乡土小说的社会政治视角、精神家园的追寻三个方面阐述中国现代小说中＂游子还乡＂母题的文化内涵。     

孙犁抗日小说审美情趣探析

孙犁抗日小说具有独特的浪漫唯美风格。除受到魏晋文化和古典主情文学传统的影响外,孙犁还借鉴了以屠格涅夫为代表的西方浪漫文学和以鲁迅、沈从文为代表的中国现代乡土文学的创作经验,因此,他的抗日小说创作完美地承载了历史赋予的革命使命。     

盲目与理性——当代西北乡土小说中叛逆型农民形象分析

当代西北乡土作家笔下塑造了一批不安于现状、试图打破乡村常态来改变自己命运的年轻一代叛逆农民形象。由于现代生活的城市化、商业化主潮以及东西部差距、城乡发展不平衡等,减弱了他们在当代社会中的主体认同感,又因为没有可供借鉴的范本和经验,他们体验着更多的焦虑与困惑,加上青春的骚动,许多的叛逆都是盲目的。另外,作家们也塑造了许多理性的年轻农民,他们在现代化进军西北乡村之时,进行着西北农民的现代性转化和自我人格的建构。这些富有理性的叛逆者形象不仅对"中国农民的出路在哪里,中国农村将如何发展"这样的社会实际问题有所帮助,也对当下乡土作品中新型农民的塑造富有启示意义。     

积极心理学的本土性观照——从儒家教育经典《论语》说起

传统文化是他者理论着陆本土的坚实基础和最佳契点。推进积极心理学的本土化进程需要我们深度发掘本土传统文化的精髓要旨,通过二者间的交流与对话来实现理论的重构。结合积极心理学中的"三大支柱",发掘传统文化代表《论语》中有关"积极的情绪、积极的特质和积极的组织"的论述,即:社会性与宗教性相统一的情绪体验,"内圣"与"外王"维度的积极特质以及"家、国、天下"的积极组织,对构建基于本土立场的积极心理学具有重要的理论和现实意义。