《陈希夷导引坐功图势》考探

采用文献法考探了《陈希夷导引坐功图势》的由来;提出它是对前人导引术势的精选、提炼、增删和重构,是医疗导引的一个新分支,既不同于散式导引,又不同于套路式导引;它的形成,标志着医疗导引发展的一个新阶段的开始,由经验领域进入理论领域;它在医疗导引发展中具有承前启后的意义,对养牛和健身都有重大实践意义和理论意义。     

基于海洋生物认知的专项信息系统设计与实现

根据图书馆拓宽专项服务业务，展开对海洋生物知识普及的需求，在研究海洋生物分类的基础上，应用数据库设计中概念设计和逻辑设计的理论基础和具体技术，提出了以海洋生物图像信息处理为主的系统组织方式，着重探讨了数据访问接口的相关技术及海洋生物图片检索的方法。     

从信息构建看未来的知识管理

本文从信息构建出发 ,进而引申到知识管理与知识推理 ,最终提出了知识基础工程。在设计并实现自然语言的语法开发平台时 ,产生了构建知识库的设想。利用语法开发平台 ,就可以对自然语言的语法进行开发 ,加上一个好的算法 ,就可以对大规模文本进行自动分析。对分析过的句子进行内容提取 ,并用面向对象方法和逻辑形式进行格式化 ,得到以面向对象为特征的常识知识库和以逻辑命题为特征的专家知识库 ,这应该是知识发现、知识管理的最高层次 ,也是知识工程的核心     

数字信息资源的基础管理性元数据初探

论文提出管理性元数据是元数据在信息资源管理层面上的拓展.对管理性元数据的研究应从信息资源管理的总体来把握其特征,信息资源生命周期的基础管理环节为完整地理解、全面地把握、切实地研究管理性元数据提供了符合实际需求的切入点.论文还提出基础管理性元数据的研究将在信息资源管理层面推进信息资源的共建、共享、共管.     

Automatic Alphabet Recognition

The last step of the Information Retrieval process is to display the found documents to the user. However, some difficulties might occur at that point. English texts are usually written in the ASCII standard. Unlike the English language, many languages have different character sets, and do not have one standard. This plurality of standards causes problems, especially in a web environment, where one may download a document with an unknown standard. This paper suggests a purely automatic way of finding the standard which was used by the document writer based on the statistical letters distribution in the language. We developed a vector-space-based method that creates frequencies vectors for each letter of the language and then matches a new document's vectors to the pre-computed templates. The algorithm was applied on various types of corpora in Hebrew, Russian and English, and provides an efficient solution to the stated problem in most cases.     

Disciplined freedom,branded authenticity,and dependable independence: how tensions enact flexibility in lifestyle blogging careers

Analyzing 219 blog posts from 52 self-employed women lifestyle bloggers in North America, this study shows how these digital professionals navigate tensions and communicatively constitute work flexibility. In their narratives, women bloggers employed tension management approaches such as reframing, continual connections, and reflective practice in response to tensions in enacting temporal–spatial, identity, and financial flexibility. Specifically, women followed oxymoronic constructions – disciplined freedom, branded authenticity, and dependable independence – to embrace and transform competing poles of fluidity?structure, authenticity?marketability, and independence?interconnection. Expanding work–life research to the self-employed digital labor context, this study responds to recent calls to uncover more-than tension management strategies in empirical settings and contributes to a tension-centered, contextual, and processual analysis of workplace flexibility construction.     

软件工程思想在高职院校毕业设计中的应用与探索

本文分析了毕业设计和软件生命周期各个阶段的映射关系,探讨了如何运用软件工程的思想来指导毕业设计,解决目前毕业设计中存在的若干问题,从而提高高职院校毕业设计的质量。     

微博信息可信度分析研究综述

简述微博信息可信度研究的背景和意义,并对微博信息可信度分析等相关概念进行界定;对微博信息可信度的研究成果进行梳理,指出这些研究的不足,并认为微博信息可信度分析的关键问题是微博信息特征的提取和可信度分析方法的设计;结合微博信息的特点及已有研究成果,指出微博信息可信度分析的核心技术包括自然语言处理、社会网络分析、机器学习与数据挖掘等;最后总结全文,对微博信息可信度分析的未来发展方向进行展望,为进一步研究提供参考。     

论自动文摘及其分类

自动文摘 ,即利用计算机自动编制文摘 ,是信息时代的需要。本文讨论了文摘的不同定义、特点和功能。目前 ,文摘的分类方法不适用于自动文摘的分类 ,因此 ,本文试着从多角度对自动文摘系统进行了分类 ,这样的分类根据自动文摘的特点进行的划分 ,是对自动文摘分类的一种总结 ,可以作为构造自动文摘系统和思考自动文摘发展方向的参考和借鉴。最后 ,概述了中文自动文摘系统的研究状况 ,展望了自动文摘的发展趋势。     

Two decades of suspect evidence for adaptive molecular evolution—negative selection confounding positive-selection signals

There has been a large literature in the last two decades affirming adaptive DNA sequence evolution between species. The main lines of evidence are from (i) the McDonald-Kreitman (MK) test, which compares divergence and polymorphism data, and (ii) the phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML) test, which analyzes multispecies divergence data. Here, we apply these two tests concurrently to genomic data of Drosophila and Arabidopsis. To our surprise, the >100 genes identified by the two tests do not overlap beyond random expectation. Because the non-concordance could be due to low powers leading to high false negatives, we merge every 20–30 genes into a ‘supergene’. At the supergene level, the power of detection is large but the calls still do not overlap. We rule out methodological reasons for the non-concordance. In particular, extensive simulations fail to find scenarios whereby positive selection can only be detected by either MK or PAML, but not both. Since molecular evolution is governed by positive and negative selection concurrently, a fundamental assumption for estimating one of these (say, positive selection) is that the other is constant. However, in a broad survey of primates, birds, Drosophila and Arabidopsis, we found that negative selection rarely stays constant for long in evolution. As a consequence, the variation in negative selection is often misconstrued as a signal of positive selection. In conclusion, MK, PAML and any method that examines genomic sequence evolution has to explicitly address the variation in negative selection before estimating positive selection. In a companion study, we propose a possible path forward in two stages—first, by mapping out the changes in negative selection and then using this map to estimate positive selection. For now, the large literature on positive selection between species has to await reassessment.