多源流理论视域下“双减”政策议程设置分析

多源流理论是公共政策领域用以解释政策议程建立的理论模型。运用多源流理论对“双减”政策议程设置进行分析发现：有关作业负担与校外培训负担等方面的数据指标、焦点事件以及政策反馈构成了“问题源流”,政府官员、人大代表、政协委员和专家学者对作业负担和校外培训负担问题的讨论与探究形成“双减”政策议程建立的“政策源流”,中央领导集体的换届和决策者对于公众情绪变动的觉察构成了“政治源流”。新一届中央领导集体对于作业负担与校外培训负担的关注是三条源流得以聚合的政策之窗,在此时间段内,经过政策企业家的积极努力“双减”政策议程得以建立。     

基于结构方程模型的政府行为与企业创新关系研究

基于结构方程的政府行为与企业创新关系模型可以反映政府行为的相关因素对于企业创新效益的影响程度。通过制作问卷调查,确定出政府的政策支持、环境支持、经费支持和企业创新效益这四个潜在变量以及相关的观测变量,利用结构方程模型研究潜变量之间的影响关系。研究表明,政策支持通过环境支持和经费支持对企业创新效益产生间接影响。     

少年犯罪刑事政策的国外审视与中国选择

少年犯罪与成年人犯罪有质的不同。因此,少年犯罪刑事政策也应与普通刑事政策有所区别。明确少年犯罪刑事政策的内涵和基本精神,才能使少年犯罪刑事政策的制定不偏离方向。研究当前国外对少年犯罪的刑事政策,明确我国少年犯罪刑事政策的应然选择,对于进一步完善我国的少年犯罪刑事政策具有重要意义。     

UK university part-time higher education: a corpus-assisted discourse analysis of undergraduate prospectuses

ABSTRACT

In the UK, higher education (HE) policy discourse over the past 60 years has advocated flexible part-time HE for social mobility, personal development, economic advantage and leisure. However, part-time undergraduate HE in the UK is in steep decline. Against this backdrop, we were interested in how universities promote, or fail to promote, part-time study options today. We built a corpus of 90 UK undergraduate prospectuses for 2018 entry (5,673,799 words). Using a corpus-assisted discourse analysis approach, we found significant mismatch between policy discourse and marketing discourse regarding part-time study. In particular, we found that UK university marketing discourse positions full-time study as the dominant mode of study and writes of part-time study as ‘second-best’. This discourse mismatch is particularly marked when it comes to the elite Russell Group of universities. Viewing the absence of strong promotional discourse relating to part-time study alongside other factors such as increased tuition fees and the rise of global online education platforms adds a new perspective to the decline of flexible part-time undergraduate HE at campus-based universities in the UK.     

基于演化博弈的网络舆情传播的羊群效应研究*

鉴于我国的特殊国情和庞大的网民基数,网络舆情对现实社会的影响巨大,并获得广泛关注。羊群效应不仅会影响网络舆情的传播过程,还会影响舆情的最终演化方向。若不对网民群体内部的羊群效应加以引导,可能对社会稳定造成威胁;若政府积极利用,可以使舆情向政府期望的方向演化。为了更好地认识网络舆情传播过程中的羊群效应,将演化博弈理论引入该问题的研究中。首先对羊群效应中的网民、政府进行简要界定,然后分别就网民群体内部、网民和政府之间建立演化博弈模型,并根据模型得出相应的指导意义。最后对本文内容进行简要总结,并指出研究的不足之处和今后的研究方向。     

#Eduresistance: a critical analysis of the role of digital media in collective struggles for public education in the USA

From Facebook-coordinated high-school walkouts to compelling Internet-based protest art that has accompanied recent teacher strikes, grassroots education activism in the USA has gone digital. Despite the proliferation of research on the mediatisation of education policy, few studies have explored the ways in which activists for public education engage with Web 2.0 technologies. This paper makes a contribution to this under-researched area by exploring selected activist accounts including Parents Across America, United Opt Out National, and the PS 2013 campaign in New York City. I draw on critical, feminist, and cultural studies theories of education and social movement media to analyse activist media practices in a policy and political milieu dominated by corporate media and neoliberal governance structures. The analysis reveals that progressive education activists strategically deploy digital media to amplify voice, build collective identity, and disseminate alternative knowledge to enable direct action. A situated analysis also reveals significant differences in activist media practice which are shaped by particular political histories and geographies. The paper concludes with a discussion about future lines of inquiry into the role of digital media in collective struggles for public education.     

社会信息化进程中信息政策研究及建设策略的思考

文章从信息政策的概念入手,进一步探讨了信息政策的内涵与作用,就我国在信息化建设中信息政策的选择与制定提出了建设性的意见。     

1982-2012年南四湖自然水域演化分析

湖泊水域的动态变化对湖泊水资源开发、湖泊生态环境保护以及洪涝灾害预报具有重要的指导意义。近年来南四湖自然水域面积变化剧烈,并引发了一系列生态环境问题。基于山东省南四湖多时序遥感与土地利用数据,运用遥感和GIS技术,采用GIS空间分析的方法,选取湖泊水域变化幅度、湖泊分形维数变化指数、湖泊变化强度指数和土地利用转移矩阵等因子,对南四湖30年的自然水域面积变化和形态变化特征进行分析,在此基础上探讨南四湖自然水域和其他土地利用类型的转移变化特点;最后对引起自然水域面积变化的机制进行了分析。研究结果表明:①南四湖自然水域30年间面积共减小529.02km2,减少了44.45%,年平均减小量为17.63km2;②研究时段内,景观分形维数呈先下降后上升的趋势;其中,1982-1992年自然水域景观分形维数呈下降趋势,而1992-2002年,2002-2012年景观分形维数呈上升趋势,说明在研究时段内1982-1992年人类活动对南四湖自然水域的影响相对于1992-2012年较大;③总体上,自然水域变化强度呈先增大后减小的趋势,其中河流在2002-2012年,1992-2002年两个时段变化强度数为整正数,水域减小趋势得到了一定程度的控制;④研究时段内南四湖自然水域主要转换为农用地,其次为建设用地,说明人类活动和城市经济的发展对自然水域的影响较大。     

Pre-figurative practice and the educational leadership of Sir Alec Clegg in the West Riding of Yorkshire,England (1945–1974)

ABSTRACT

This article recalls a time when local government infrastructure was strong and a Chief Education Officer's (CEO) vision could be realised across a region, in Clegg's case the West Riding of Yorkshire, one of the largest of the pre-1974 counties in England. It is timely to revisit Clegg's educational leadership and practice from 1945 to 1974, as a valuable source of learning, and challenge to the current ideologically-informed policy rhetoric which has undermined the framework of democratic educational decision-making. The authors identify four possible areas to learn from Clegg's work. Firstly, the need for CEOs or their modern-day equivalents or successors, to consider their potential as political and community leaders; secondly, Clegg's leadership style prefigures some of the recent discussion about the leadership of public services in uncertain times; thirdly a re-evaluation of administration and bureaucracy; and lastly the need for supportive partnerships to enable schools to thrive.     

Digitalisation in higher education: mapping institutional approaches for teaching and learning

This paper explores the digitalisation of teaching and learning understood as external processes, influenced by government and international trends and as internal processes within the institutions, in Denmark and Norway. These are countries with similarities regarding digitalisation and educational systems. In the internal processes, there was some use of digital technology in teaching and learning when initiated from administration including IT-staff, in collaboration with academic leaders. There was little or only limited reported use of technology for teaching and learning, when the processes were initiated by administration together with enthusiasts among faculty staff, who did not have leadership roles or influence on change. There was more reported use of technology in teaching and learning in Denmark than Norway. The paper discusses possible explanations for these findings and thus illuminates how processes of digitalisation are influenced by broader governance arrangements, institutional maturity and academic and administration staffs.