图书馆学家的"八大品格"

文章列出了图书馆学家应该具备的八项条件 :知行结合的笃行者、鲜活知识的创造者、动态智慧的探索者、现实问题的发现者、学科体系的创立者、禁区盲区的拓荒者、陈规陋习的反叛者、长于理性的思辨者。     

从信息构建看未来的知识管理

本文从信息构建出发 ,进而引申到知识管理与知识推理 ,最终提出了知识基础工程。在设计并实现自然语言的语法开发平台时 ,产生了构建知识库的设想。利用语法开发平台 ,就可以对自然语言的语法进行开发 ,加上一个好的算法 ,就可以对大规模文本进行自动分析。对分析过的句子进行内容提取 ,并用面向对象方法和逻辑形式进行格式化 ,得到以面向对象为特征的常识知识库和以逻辑命题为特征的专家知识库 ,这应该是知识发现、知识管理的最高层次 ,也是知识工程的核心     

通向全球高影响力科学家的门户网站——ISIHighlyCited.com

介绍美国ISI公司推出的一个以高影响力科学家的研究成果和个人信息为内容的门户网站，阐述该网站的内容、功能以及ISI对高影响力科学家的遴选方法。     

关于自然语言检索问题

自然语言检索当前仅在关键词检索的层次上已经实现，重点分析了全文检索所适应和不适应的检索要求及其评价，用分析说明了当前关于自然语言检索的主流观点的不切实际，指出自然语言检索的发展方向是与情报检索语言结合和融合。     

Automatic Alphabet Recognition

The last step of the Information Retrieval process is to display the found documents to the user. However, some difficulties might occur at that point. English texts are usually written in the ASCII standard. Unlike the English language, many languages have different character sets, and do not have one standard. This plurality of standards causes problems, especially in a web environment, where one may download a document with an unknown standard. This paper suggests a purely automatic way of finding the standard which was used by the document writer based on the statistical letters distribution in the language. We developed a vector-space-based method that creates frequencies vectors for each letter of the language and then matches a new document's vectors to the pre-computed templates. The algorithm was applied on various types of corpora in Hebrew, Russian and English, and provides an efficient solution to the stated problem in most cases.     

论教师日常教学生活的文化意蕴、表征及改造

文化可分为自在的文化与自为的文化。教师的教学生活可分为日常教学生活与非日常教学生活。自在的文化与日常教学生活具有内在一致性。日常教学生活这种自在的文化表征通过教师思想意识上的保守性、日常教学活动的重复性以及教师处理日常教学事务的经验性而表现得淋漓尽致。要对教师的日常教学生活进行文化改造,必须变革日常教学生活的文化根基,在自在文化与自为文化之间保持张力,构建教师学习协同体,促进教师的教学文化自觉。     

基于用户自然标注的TF-IDF辅助标引算法及实证研究

[目的/意义] 从用户角度出发,研究基于用户自然标注的TF-IDF辅助标引算法。[方法/过程] 首先以核心期刊论文中作者标注的关键词和分类号为源数据,通过对关键词词频进行统计,使用TF-IDF算法构建用户标注词表、形成标引知识库,然后通过IK Analyzer分词软件对待标引的科技项目数据进行切词和停用词处理,进而使用TF-IDF算法和位置加权算法提取科技项目数据的特征词,最终实现对科技项目数据进行关键词和分类的同步标引。[结果/结论] 实验结果表明,机标关键词与人标关键词的相似比在60%以上的科技项目数据占总数的68.1%,机标分类号与人标分类号前三位一致的占总数的83.9%,结果表明基于用户自然标注数据并采用TF-IDF算法在关键词和分类标引方面是可行的。     

The cumulative and residual fatigue response associated with soccer-specific activity performed on different playing surfaces

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to assess the effect of playing surface (Natural [NT] and Artificial [AT] Turf) on the fatigue response to a soccer-specific exercise protocol (SSEP). Eighteen male soccer players completed the SSEP on NT and AT with pre-, post-, and 48 h post-assessments of eccentric knee flexor (eccKF) and concentric knee extensor peak torque (PT), peak countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) height, and Nordic hamstring break angle. No significant main effects for surface or any surface and time interactions were observed for any of the outcome measures, except for eccKF PT recorded at 3.14 rad·s^-1, which was significantly lower 48 h post-trial in the AT condition (AT = 146.3 ± 20.4 Nm; NT = 158.8 ± 24.7 Nm). Main effects for time were observed between pre- and post-trial measures for eccKF PT at all angular velocities, Nordic break angle, CMJ and SJ height. Nordic break angle, and both CMJ and SJ height were significantly impaired 48 h post-trial when compared to pre-trial. The findings of the current study suggest surface dependent changes in eccKF PT which may have implications for recovery and subsequent performance after competition on AT.     

Research Training Needs of Scientist‐Practitioners: Implications for Counselor Education

Counselors (N = 911) reported the research skills needed for practice and subsequent research training needs. Findings indicate that counselors have a high need for research skills at work, but training needs differ significantly by counselor type. Recommendations include increasing emphasis on single‐case design, survey design, and widely available data analysis tools.     

简支梁振动试验分析

通过振动试验,得到了简支矩形等截面梁的挠度和频率随荷载变化的曲线,结果与破损模态静力试验结果一致。