Spontaneous spatial strategy use in learning from scientific text

Two studies explored the role of the spontaneous use of spatial note-taking strategies (i.e., creating maps and drawings) and spatial ability in learning from a scientific passage. In Study 1, college students read and took notes by hand on a 10-paragraph scientific passage about the human respiratory system. Students tended to use verbal strategies such as lists (on 48% of the paragraphs), outlines (29%) and running text (15%), but also used spatial strategies such as maps (28%) and drawings (11%). Regression analyses indicated that spatial ability and the use of spatial strategies (maps or drawings) significantly predicted learning outcomes, with spatial strategy use explaining additional variance beyond spatial ability. In Study 2, students read the same scientific passage and took notes either by hand on paper (paper group), by hand on a large whiteboard (whiteboard group), or on a laptop computer (computer group). A similar general pattern as Study 1 was found for the paper group, but this pattern was not found for the computer or whiteboard groups, suggesting that the relationships found in Study 1 might depend on the note-taking medium. Results also indicated that students in the paper and whiteboard groups spontaneously used more spatial strategies, whereas the computer group tended to use verbal strategies (i.e., words only), suggesting that different note-taking contexts encourage different strategies.     

小学语文阅读教学“标准”与“多元”探究

本文概述了"多元解读"的产生及其必要性,以及在实施过程中,如何避免对"多元解读"的过分追求所导致的语文阅读教学的一些误区。同时,本文对"多元解读"的现状加以分析并提出了一些解决问题的策略。     

Using LSA and text segmentation to improve automatic Chinese dialogue text summarization

Automatic Chinese text summarization for dialogue style is a relatively new research area. In this paper, Latent Semantic Analysis （LSA） is first used to extract semantic knowledge from a given document, all question paragraphs are identified, an automatic text segmentation approach analogous to Text＇filing is exploited to improve the precision of correlating question paragraphs and answer paragraphs, and finally some ＂important＂ sentences are extracted from the generic content and the question-answer pairs to generate a complete summary. Experimental results showed that our approach is highly efficient and improves significantly the coherence of the summary while not compromising informativeness.     

英语中的委婉语的构成手段

委婉语是语言使用中人们协调人际关系的一个重要手段，也是人类语言中的一种普遍的语言现象。委婉借助于语音、语法、语用、语义等手段构成，非常得体地表达生活中的那些使人尴尬、令人不快或使人恐惧的事物，本文则主要介绍委婉语的构成手段。     

加入WTO对航海类专业学生综合素质的要求

分析中国加入WTO后对航海教育的影响及对航海类毕业生在综合素质上的特别要求 ,针对这方面目前存在的问题与不足 ,提出航海院校在教学过程中提高和改善航海专业学生素质的几点措施与建议。     

从衔接词语的翻译失当看英汉语篇中衔接手段合理转换的重要性

英汉互译中衔接手段的合理转换是实现译语语篇连贯的保证。然而在翻译实践中往往存在着转换失当的情况,从而影响了译文的连贯,甚至造成严重的错误。本文通过对一些翻译实例的分析,阐述造成翻译失当的原因,指出衔接手段合理转换对实现译文语篇连贯的重要性。本文还探讨了衔接手段转换的若干方法。     

《红墨坊》——一种符号学诠释

《红墨坊》是中央台和各地方台正在热播的一套电视连续剧,作为一种以英雄符码建构的民俗神话叙事文本,《红墨坊》有颇多值得研究之处。文章试图引进符号传播学的相关理论,对电视剧《红墨坊》进行深层次的解读,以期抛砖引玉,推进媒介文本分析的应用与实践。     

国外字词识别研究对阅读教学的意义

自上个世纪90年代以来,字词识别研究再次成为心理学领域的一个热点问题,国外心理学界在这方面取得了一些进展。其中,关于字词识别心理机制的研究,不仅使我们更加深入地了解了字词识别在篇章理解中的作用,而且,也为语篇理解和阅读教学提供了重要的方法论启示。     

How does visual manipulation affect obstacle avoidance strategies used by athletes?

Research examining our ability to avoid obstacles in our path has stressed the importance of visual input. The aim of this study was to determine if athletes playing varsity-level field sports, who rely on visual input to guide motor behaviour, are more able to guide their foot over obstacles compared to recreational individuals. While wearing kinematic markers, eight varsity athletes and eight age-matched controls (aged 18–25) walked along a walkway and stepped over stationary obstacles (180° motion arc). Visual input was manipulated using PLATO visual goggles three or two steps pre-obstacle crossing and compared to trials where vision was given throughout. A main effect between groups for peak trail toe elevation was shown with greater values generated by the controls for all crossing conditions during full vision trials only. This may be interpreted as athletes not perceiving this obstacle as an increased threat to their postural stability. Collectively, findings suggest the athletic group is able to transfer their abilities to non-specific conditions during full vision trials; however, varsity-level athletes were equally reliant on visual cues for these visually guided stepping tasks as their performance was similar to the controls when vision is removed.     

综合性大学航海类专业学生体育课程的现状与改革探讨

系统分析了综合性大学航海类专业学生体育课程的现状,提出并探讨了航海类专业学生体育课程改革的方案和措施,以期为高校航海类专业体育课程教学改革提供借鉴和参考。