Statistical Power of Randomization Tests Used with Multiple-Baseline Designs

Statistical power was estimated for 3 randomization tests used with multiple-baseline designs. In 1 test, participants were randomly assigned to baseline conditions; in the 2nd, intervention points were randomly assigned; and in the 3rd, the authors used both forms of random assignment. Power was studied for several series lengths (N = 10, 20, 30), several effect sizes (d = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0), and several levels of autocorrelation among the errors (p ₁ = 0, .1, .2, .3, .4, and .5). Power was found to be similar among the 3 tests. Power was low for effect sizes of 0.5 and 1.0 but was often adequate (> .80) for effect sizes of 1.5 and 2.0.     

The Functioning of Single-Case Randomization Tests With and Without Random Assignment

The authors used Monte Carlo methods to examine the Type I error rates for randomization tests applied to single-case data arising from ABAB designs involving random, systematic, or response-guided assignment of interventions. Six randomization tests were examined (permuting blocks of 1, 2, 3, or 5 observations, and randomly selecting intervention triplets so that each phase has at least 3 or 5 observations). When the design included randomization, the Type I error rate was controlled. When the design was systematic or guided by the absolute value of the slope, the tests permuting blocks tended to be liberal with positive autocorrelation, whereas those based on the random selection of intervention triplets tended to be conservative across levels of autocorrelation.     

Tests of Equivalence for One-Way Independent Groups Designs

Researchers in education are often interested in determining whether independent groups are equivalent on a specific outcome. Equivalence tests for 2 independent populations have been widely discussed, whereas testing for equivalence with more than 2 independent groups has received little attention. The authors discuss alternatives for testing the equivalence of more than 2 independent populations, and they use a Monte Carlo study to demonstrate and compare the performance of these alternatives under several conditions. The results indicate that a 1-way test (e.g., Wellek's F test) is recommended for assessing the equivalence of more than 2 independent groups because approaches based on conducting pairwise tests of equivalence are overly conservative.     

A Simulation Study Evaluating the Generalized Additive Model for Assessing Intervention Effects with Small Samples

Single subject (SS) designs are popular in educational and psychological research. There exist several statistical techniques designed to analyze such data and to address the question of whether an intervention has the desired impact. Recently, researchers have suggested that generalized additive models (GAMs) might be useful for modeling nonlinear effects that are common with SS designs. This study sought to extend the use of GAM from SS to a research design in which individuals may be placed in separate groups and receive different interventions. Results of the simulation study found that using a mixed model form of GAM (GAMM) resulted in higher power for detecting actual effects in the population than was true for either GAM or a Bayesian GAM estimator. Thus, GAMMs are recommended for use with SS designs when interventions are expected to induce nonlinear relationships between time and the outcome variable and individuals receive different treatments.     

旗传递（v，k，3）-对称设计的自同构群。与它们的抛物子群

文章研究了（v,k,3）-对称设计D的分类;证明了如果群G是D的几乎单型的自同构群,即存在非交换单群X使得X≤G≤Aut（D）,那么X∩Ga不可能是X的抛物子群．     

数值波浪模型在仰光港的应用

通过第3代谱数值波浪模型(Simulating Wave Nearshore, SWAN)预测和估计波浪特性.数值模拟选取2个区域,首先计算85°E ~100°E, 8°N~22°N的大区域,网格数181×169,精度为0.05′×0.05′,然后计算94°E ~98°E, 15°N~18°N的小区域,网格数为49×37,精度为0.05′×0.05′,后者嵌套在前者中.仰光港作为缅甸主要的贸易中心,位于嵌套区域.大区域的SWAN运行结果为小区域计算提供边界条件.     

民间美术与现代设计

民间美术内蕴是现代设计取之不尽、用之不竭的宝藏。民间美术内蕴与现代设计有着本质的关联。现代设计提出的艺术回归自然，以人为本的设计理念与民间美术质朴、纯真的风格如出一辙。显示出相同的个性风采，民间美术符号语言启示现代设计的思维与创造，为教学实践提供了广阔的内容。     

积分中值定理的构造性证明

利用闭区间套定理证明定积分中值定理，并利用定积分中值定理证明二重积分中值定理．     

室内设计中的人体工程学分析

过去人们研究探讨室内设计问题,经常把人与物、人与环境孤立地对待,认为人就是人,物就是物,环境也就是环境,或者单纯地以人去适应物和环境·而随着人们物质生活与精神生活的发展,现代室内设计日益重视人与物和环境之间以人为主体的协调,也就是说,设计师在进行室内设计时,应重视以人为中心的视觉环境、物理环境、生理环境以及心理环境的综合研究·     

命题逻辑演绎推理在日常生活中的应用

命题逻辑是数理逻辑的重要组成部分，它的应用很广泛文章通过案件审理、人事和电路设计等方面的实例分析了怎样利用命题逻辑的演绎推理来解决日常生活中的一些问题．