《西游记》中的观音“疥癞”形象源流考

《西游记》第八回中观音为寻取经人,幻化模样后的人间形象是一个满身病疮的,衣衫褴褛的落魄和尚。在人们心目中法相庄严的观音怎么会幻化成这样一副模样？这绝不是信手拈来的自由发挥,而是有着文献依据的。通过一连串相互继连的记载可以考证出其源流。     

阿尔茨海默病发病机理的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)病因及发病机制尚未完全阐明,有关其发病机制有β-淀粉样蛋白假说、Tau 蛋白假说、炎症学说和氧化应激学说等多种.本文就现有较公认的发病机制研究进展作一综述.     

A case study of imported pulmonary coccidioidomycosis

Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic disease of the Western hemisphere. The cases in non-endemic areas are mostly imported. Determining a history of exposure is critical for performing the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis, especially for cases occurring in a non-endemic area. In this study, a 71-year-old Chinese male presented to our hospital with chronic cough and malaise, and was found to have a mass in the middle lobe of right lung. He had been visiting Arizona, USA for four months before admission. Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis was confirmed by the results of histopathological examination after lobectomy. Typical microscopic features of Coccidioides are definitely diagnostic, but need be differentiated from other budding yeast infection or carcinoma histopathologically.     

新冠肺炎疫情对我国上市港航及船舶制造企业财务状况的影响

为量化新冠肺炎疫情对我国水路运输企业财务状况的影响,本文基于Z score模型对构成水路运输产业链核心的港口、航运、船舶制造三类上市企业财务状况进行评价。通过对比疫情发生前后企业财务状况的变化,明确疫情在不同时期对水路运输企业财务状况的影响,以及对不同类企业带来的异质化影响。研究结果表明,在疫情发生初期我国水路运输业受到短期负面冲击较大,企业经营利润均出现明显下降,其中港口和船舶制造企业财务状况恶化较为显著,而航运企业财务状况受影响较小。随着国内疫情得到有效控制,水路运输业整体经营状况逐渐向好,特别是船舶制造企业得益于船舶订单量的增长,财务状况改善较为明显。港口企业恢复则较为疲软,且不同港口企业间的分化有所加剧。航运企业总体财务状况相对较为稳健。     

Biochemical Evaluation of Patients of Alcoholic Liver Disease and Non-alcoholic Liver Disease

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is due to excessive alcohol intake for long duration. Distinguishing ALD from non-ALD (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatitis of viral origin) is difficult as patient may deny alcohol abuse. Clinical examination, histology and serology may not differentiate these conditions. Accurate diagnosis is important as management of ALD differs from non-ALD patients. The aim of our study was (1) To evaluate the patients of ALD and non-ALD by biochemical parameters compared to controls, (2) To assess whether these parameters can differentiate ALD from non-ALD. Study was carried out on 50 patients of ALD in group I and 35 patients of NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) and acute viral hepatitis each in group II. Age matched healthy controls n = 50. Selection criteria—history of alcohol intake (amount and duration), clinical examination, sonography of abdomen, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and bilirubin levels. Blood samples were analyzed for bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) by kinetic method. Statistical analysis was done by Student unpaired ‘t’ test. Patients of ALD have raised AST/ALT ratio (De Ritis ratio) (>2), ALP and GGT compared to controls (P < 0.01).There is significant difference in AST/ALT ratio, serum GGT and ALP in ALD group compared to that in NASH and acute viral hepatitis (P < 0.05). This study suggests that De Ritis ratio >2 in ALD patients may be due to alcohol induced hepatic mitochondrial injury and pyridoxine deficiency. High GGT and ALP values may indicate enzyme induction by alcohol and mild cholestasis. Thus ALD patients have severe hepatic damage. De Ritis ratio <1 and normal to mild elevation in GGT level in NASH and acute viral hepatitis suggest mild hepatic injury of non-alcoholic origin. Our study concludes that ALD patients can be differentiated from NASH and acute viral hepatitis with certainty by measuring serum AST/ALT ratio, GGT and ALP. These biochemical parameters may help clinicians to support the diagnosis of ALD and non-ALD.     

南宁市邕宁区慢性病流行病学调查分析报告

目的:了解南宁市邕宁区慢性病现状,为南宁市邕宁区慢性病防治提供科学的参考。方法:采用问卷调查与个别访谈相结合的方法,由经过统一培训合格的调查员采用面对面的调查方式。结果:当地社区居民慢性病发病率较高,患有一种或以上的患者人数占被试者总人数的54.4%。主要的慢性病为高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、慢性支气管炎、肿瘤,患病率分别为19.2%、11.3%、8%、11%、8%,高血压是当地发病率最高的慢性病。结论:当地有关部门应积极开展疾病预防宣传工作,加强社区康复机构建设,加强社区全科医生服务团队建设,发挥中医药的重要作用,从而提高当地居民健康水平和生活质量。     

新形势下中职院校传染病护理学教学改革策略

在新形势下中职院校传染病护理学教学中有很多好的方法,如“自学一辅导”模式教学法,PBL教学法,启发式教学法等。作为护理专业教师,要在教学的过程中不断吸收新的知识,不断创新．不断学习和探索用之可行的教学方法和模式。因此,本文对新形势下中职院校传染病护理学教学改革策略进行了探讨。     

从海员易患病探讨航海专业体育教学改革

运用有关研究成果,阐述了海员的易患病及危害,分析了海员易患病的病因,提出了预防海员易患病的措施之一是对航海专业的体育教学作必要的改革,并探讨改革的具体内容。     

大鼠帕金森氏病动物模型的建立

采用SD大鼠30只，25只为试验组，5只为对照组。在三维立体定向仪上用微量注射器将6－OHDA32μg分两点注射入右侧纹状体，每周检测动物的旋转行为，第1周动物没有出现旋转行为，第2周动物出现明显的旋转行为，随后缓慢上升；至术后5周才升至较高的水平并保持平稳。其中有15只动物达到或超过了7r/min这一通常采用的标准，模型成功率达60％。酪氨酸羟化酶免疫组化显示：术后第1周至第5周右侧黑质TH免疫反应细胞逐渐砬少，各个时期的右侧黑质TH免疫反应细胞较对侧明显减少。采用此方法建立的大鼠帕金森氏病模型更加符合临床PD病人的病程进展并明显提高成功率。     

Lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant status in alcoholic liver disease

The present study was conducted to evaluate some of the components of antioxidant defense system and oxidative damage in 20 male patients of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). The results were compared with 20 healthy male smokers and 20 healthy male non-smokers volunteers. Patients were subjected to detailed clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Blood samples were collected for estimating reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiols (T-SH) malondialdehyde (MDA), transaminases (AST, ALT), glutathione-S-transferease (GST) and gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT). Serum aspartate amino transferase (AST)/alanine amino transferase (ALT) ratio was significantly (p<0.01) reduced in ALD patients as compared to the controls. However, the core of utility of MDA and GST was found to be significantly (p<0.01) increased in ALD patients compared to controls. There was a significant negative correlation of MDA with both GSH and TSH. Plasma GGT levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased in alcoholics and the enzyme showed a significant positive correlation with MDA. These results give enough evidence of increased oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant defense system in patients with ALD.