城市老年人生命质量影响因素的研究——以规律健身为视角

目的：探究城市老年人生命质量影响因素，积极应对人口老龄化的严峻挑战。方法：采用自编问卷，借鉴“SF-36生命质量调查问卷（中文第二版）”，对城市老年人进行调查和访谈。结果：影响城市老年人生命质量因素主要有社会人口学、经济收入、患慢性病、社会参与、健身状况等。其中老年人“婚姻及居住方式”“养老保险”“就医决策”“规律健身状况”和“医疗费用月支出”的回归效应非常显著（P＜0.01），而“工作与否”和“每次医疗费用支出”的回归效应显著（P＜0.05）。结论：对老年人健康促进和生命质量干预主要目的是对影响因素进行调节，降低影响生命质量风险因子的负作用，老年人是否患慢性病及参与规律健身行为的阶段等是影响老年人生命质量提升的重要因子，超过12个月以上规律健身行为对城市老年人身心健康和生命质量提升的积极作用最为显著。     

Oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease

Oxidative stress contributes to the cascade, leading to dopamine cell degeneration in Parkinson’s disease. However, oxidative stress is intimately linked to other components of the degenerative process, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, nitric oxide toxicity and inflammation. It is therefore difficult to determine whether oxidative stress leads to or is a consequence of, these events. Oxidative stress was assessed by estimating lipid peroxidation product in the form of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, nitric oxide in the form of nitrite & nitrate. Enzymatic antioxidants in the form of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, ceruloplasmin and non enzymatic antioxidant vitamins e.g. vitamin E and C in either serum or plasma or erythrocyte in 40 patients of Parkinson’s disease in the age group 40–80 years. Trace elements e.g. copper, zinc and selenium were also estimated. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide levels were Significantly high but superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, ceruloplasmin, vitamin-E, vitamin-C, copper, zinc and selenium levels were significantly low in Parkinson’s disease when compared with control subjects. Present study showed that elevated oxidative stress may be playing a role in dopaminergic neuronal loss in substentia nigra pars compacta and involved in pathogenesis of the Parkinson’s disease.     

有氧运动和大豆多肽对高脂饮食大鼠肝脏自由基代谢及肝组织形态的影响

目的:研究有氧运动和补充大豆多肽对高脂饮食大鼠自由基代谢和肝细胞超微结构的影响.方法:雄性SD大鼠60只.随机分为C组、HF组、HE组、HS组、HES组5组.检测大鼠血清AST、ALT、LDH活性以及肝脏SOD和MDA含量,并对肝组织行超微结构观察.结果:与C组相比,HF组大鼠血清AST、LDH活性显著增高,血清ALT有上升的趋势,但不明显;肝内MDA含量显著上升,肝内SOD活力显著下降.与HF组相比,HE组和HS组以及HES组血清AST、ALT和LDH活性显著下降;同时,肝组织MDA水平均显著下降,SOD活力显著上升.结论:研究结果提示,运动和大豆多肽均可以加快高脂饮食大鼠肝组织自由基的清除,并能有效改善高脂饮食所致的大鼠肝细胞超微结构的损伤;同时,双因素方差分析表明,运动和大豆多肽对降低高脂饮食大鼠血清AST、LDH活性和肝内MDA浓度以及增强肝内SOD活力有明显的交互作用.     

Detection of Helicobacter pylori using nested polymerase chain reaction in gastric biopsy samples

Helicobacter pylori remains a controversial organism with regards to humans, its epidemiology still unclear nearly two decades after discovery. The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of the organism in the gastrointestinal tract in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects to understand its precise natural history in India. A total of 154 specimens were a part of the study. These included gastric biopsies from peptic ulcer disease and Non ulcer dyspepsia subjects, as visualized on endoscopy, saliva and stool samples from apparently normal healthy adults. Nested polymerase chain reaction was performed using the primers Hp1, Hp2, Hp3 targeting 16S rRNA gene. A prevalence of 65.1%, 100%, 66.7%, and 73.3% respectively was observed by polymerase chain reaction. No association was observed between the H.pylori status and the disease condition of the patient.     

Relationship between hs-CRP and cardiac efficiency in chronic alcoholics

High sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a non-specific marker of inflammatory status has considerable interest focused due to its ability to predict myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral arterial disease and sudden cardiac death. Alcoholics are known to be associated with inflammation of heart. This study was taken up to look for an association between consumption of alcoholic beverages over 10 years and serum concentration of hs-CRP. 3 groups were studied, 30 age matched control, 30 non-drinkers with cardio vascular complications and 30 alcoholics with history of cardio-vascular disease. Blood was analyzed for hs-CRP. Results indicated that the level of hs-CRP was 0.17 ± 0.16 mg/lit in group 1; 0.79 ± 0.41 mg/lit in group 2 and 1.67 ± 0.16 mg/lit in group 3. A correlation was also obtained between the hs-CRP levels and cardiac efficiency in chronic alcoholics. The elevated hs-CRP levels in chronic alcoholic with heart disease could probably be due to enhanced damaging effect of alcohol on the heart and other organs.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

论健身气功在推进“治未病”健康工程中的价值

为进一步认识健身气功在＂治未病＂健康工程中的价值,采用文献法、逻辑法、综合分析法,对健身气功在推进＂治未病＂健康工程中的价值进行挖掘探讨。认为：健身气功是以＂治未病＂贯穿其始终,并融独特东方健康文化和科学健康生活方式为一体的体育项目,是＂治未病＂健康工程首选的一种模式。     

新发展理念视阈下的我国畜禽疫病防控

畜禽疫病的发生与流行是制约我国养殖产业可持续发展的关键因素之一。同时,畜禽疫病还会对动物性食品的源头安全、人民健康以及生态环境造成严重危害。一些烈性畜禽传染病的暴发甚至还会给社会稳定和国家安全带来重大冲击。因此,新时期科学有效地防控畜禽疫病是我国养殖业实现转型升级与可持续发展的国家重大需求。文章从我国畜禽疫病防控的重要意义与历史成就切入,分析了我国畜禽疫病的流行现状及防控困难,并就此提出了未来科技创新的重点方向。     

The Foodborne Outbreak Challenge—Using Experiential Learning to Foster Interdisciplinary Training Among Students on Foodborne Disease Outbreak Investigations

The Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence aim to develop novel learning methods to educate and train the future public health workforce to investigate foodborne outbreaks. The Foodborne Outbreak Challenge (FOC) was a one‐day event hosted by the Colorado Integrated Food Safety Center of Excellence at the Colorado School of Public Health. The FOC incorporated experiential, problem‐based, and interdisciplinary pedagogies from case studies, simulation exercises, and public health case competitions, to deliver a novel learning experience that met the training needs of a multidisciplinary foodborne outbreak response team with diverse skills sets. The event received positive feedback, and participants demonstrated knowledge gain. Event materials are available for other institutions to use.     

BRT路面铺装方案研究

BRT特有的渠化交通方式和较重的车辆荷载容易使BRT路面在运营较短时间内就出现车辙等病害。文章在对比现有施工方案不足的基础上,借鉴北京BRT铺装案例,并对其各项性能进行试验分析,针对厦门BRT高架段路面提出TX铺装新方案的设想。