论现代国家管理的法治行政

法治行政是现代国家行政管理的重要原则，其主要内容包括法律至上，依法行政和行政法律规范的民主，人权价值两大方面，行政权本身的特点是法治行政的事实依据，过去社会主义国家“管理论”的行政法制观的失误，也是我国推行法治行政的实践依据，法治行政的实施需要相关的条件，在“法治”起步不久的中国，厉行法治行政必须积极创设这些条件。     

From Research to Practice and Back: The Animation Tutor Project

The Animation Tutor^TM is a curriculum project that uses software to supplement instruction in courses such as intermediate algebra. Its purpose is to ground mathematical reasoning in concrete experiences through the use of interactive animation and the virtual manipulation of objects. This article summarizes how the project has progressed from research to practice and back. The first section shows how research helped implement six instructional objectives: emphasize interactivity with reflection, integrate multiple representations, reduce cognitive load, facilitate transfer, replace ineffective static images with animated images, and provide domain-specific knowledge. The last section illustrates the reciprocal nature of research and practice by describing how formative evaluations of the Animation Tutor^TM program led to laboratory studies aimed at improving instructional materials and student strategies.     

The benefits and challenges of enterprise education: results from an action research project in the third grade in Finnish basic education

This article is the result of an action research project conducted in 2014 in a primary school in the city of Vaasa in Finland. The project focused on developing the practice of integrating enterprise education as a part of everyday teaching in Grade Three. The project involved three class teachers, the headmaster and a university researcher. This article focuses on the teachers’ perceptions of the benefits and the challenges of the project. The teachers viewed the project as beneficial to their own professional development as well as to the students’ learning. The process, however, also revealed several challenges associated with applying enterprise education in Grade Three, such as time or different personalities. Based on the experiences from this particular project, the article broadens the understanding of how enterprise education can be realised in Grade Three, as well as its benefits and challenges.     

反思性教学:提高外语教学效果的一种有效方法

反思性教学是教师以自己的教学活动为思考对象，对自己的教学行为、决策以及由此产生的结果进行审视和分析，并据此采取相应的对策的过程，它为教师提供了一种新的提高专业能力的途径。     

基于大学生亚文化的教学反思——一项关于思想政治理论课教学改革的行动研究

提升思想政治教育的针对性,要建立在对大学生亚文化的认识基础之上。针对思想政治理论课教学目标群体,从大学生的媒介生活与流行文化、大学生的人生观与价值观、大学生的政治立场与政治观念三个维度,对大学生亚文化进行分析。调查发现,大学生的信息偏好存在娱乐化倾向,人生观存在“利己主义”倾向以及政治关注度偏低等现实问题,并以此为出发点对思想政治理论课进行有针对性的改革,开展教学行动研究。思想政治理论课的教学改革要力求教学形式多样化,坚守核心价值不动摇,同时提高大学生对时事政治的关注度。     

论孔子办学理念

与古希腊信奉的纯粹理性不同的是 ,中国原儒信奉的是一种人文理性 ,即从古代礼乐文化而来的精神力量。正是由此出发 ,孔子以“仁”释礼 ,从礼乐中寻找到道德和情感的依据 ,以积极入仕的方法贯彻他的理念。当他个人的入仕遭到挫折以后 ,他以极大的精力投入到培育弟子中去。以古代贵族才能掌握的六艺为教材 ,以“有教无类”的办学方针将贵族文化传播到民间 ,从而在根本上扭转了传统学术文化的行进方向。他的教育使原来“君子”的概念由世袭贵族变为道德贵族 ,继而由“血”而优则仕变为“学而优则仕”。孔子以德行释君子 ,就是要通过道德精英的培养 ,以精英引导一般人 ,从而使整个社会精神水平提升 ,从而实现“天下归仁”的政治理想     

基于网络药理学的威灵仙抗结直肠癌分子机制研究

目的:基于网络药理学方法探讨威灵仙抗结直肠癌可能的分子机制。方法:通过TCMSP数据库挖掘获取威灵仙活性成分,限定口服利用度(OB)和类药性(DL)数值对威灵仙活性成分进行筛选。利用TCMSP搜索威灵仙相关靶基因,GeneCards数据库收集与结直肠癌相关的基因,采用Cytoscape Version 3.7.1软件,构建威灵仙活性成分-抗结直肠癌靶点网络。使用String数据库构建蛋白质相互作用网络。使用Bioconductor数据库对威灵仙抗结直肠癌作用靶点进行基因本体(GO)富集分析与KEGG通路分析,以探究威灵仙抗结直肠癌的作用机制。结果:收集到57种化合物,经筛选和分析获得威灵仙活性成分7个,涉及抗结直肠癌作用靶点30个,关键靶点包括CASP3、JUN、ADRA1B、MAOA等。GO功能富集分析得到GO条目55个,KEGG通路富集筛选得到61条信号通路,包括凋亡通路、p53信号通路、结直肠癌信号通路等。结论:威灵仙治疗结直肠癌具有多通路、多靶点作用的特点,其具体的调控机制及关键的靶标尚待通过进一步的实验研究加以探索及验证。     

多元化经营:陷阱还是馅饼

多元化经营曾经是一种被企业广泛采用的发展战略 ,但是 ,近年来 ,不少实行多元化发展战略的企业陷入困境 ,甚至最终失败 ,引起人们对多元化经营的思考。该文以海尔集团为例 ,探讨如何正确地运用多元化发展战略。     

Fostering innovation through collaborative action research on the creation of shared instructional products by university science instructors

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to profile four university science instructors who utilized action research as a means of learning how to develop and integrate a novel curriculum innovation – engineering design – in their science courses. Data included curriculum maps, lesson plans, notes from group meetings, and instructor reflections. Data analysis included document review and content analysis. Findings from this study suggest that action research effectively enabled the instructors to 1) establish shared ownership of the project goal – to improve preservice teachers’ learning of science through engineering design; 2) continuously test, revise, and recalibrate their shared instructional products; and 3) leverage multiple sources of innovation. Knowledge generated and used by the instructors represented different kinds of knowledge and distributed expertise resulting in products that were more useful and of higher quality than products created by individuals working alone. Consequently, this resulted in increased use of the products and increased instructor commitment to improve them over time. By simultaneously engaging in research and consequently taking specific action to inform their practice, science instructors in this study successfully created shared instructional products that both guided and enhanced their classroom teaching.     

我国刑事证人出庭作证制度的立法缺陷及完善

证人出庭作证制度作为新的审判方式的内容，不仅符合当代世界刑事诉讼制度发展的潮流，也是实现刑事诉讼基本任务和价值目标的重要保障。从我国现有的刑事诉讼立法及司法解释的有关规定来看，证人出庭作证制度尚不属完全空白，但这些原则性、概括性的规定，难以满足司法实践的实际需要，因此完善我国刑事证人出庭作证制度，对深化我国审判方式改革及司法实践都具有重要的现实意义。