论许慎虚词实词的语法观及其实践

许慎从以《易经》为代表的阴阳二分法吸取哲学观和方法论,从前代学者关于语言的论述尤其是对虚词的解说中吸收语言理论和词语考察方法,在《说文解字》里从理论上对虚词进行了比较清晰的表述、从实践上用文字排列顺序来进行区分,成为我国第一个明确划分虚词和实词的语言学家。     

由《释愁》看曹植的思想嬗变

曹植的文学创作随着他的思想变化呈现出建安前、后期两种截然不同的风格,而《释愁》则是他文风转变的重要标志。本文通过分析曹植的后期作品《释愁》来关注他的思想嬗变。需要指出的是,本文所谈论的曹植思想主要是指他对于人生、对于理想的态度。即积极进取还是消极退避。     

Effects of active and passive recovery on performance during repeated-sprint swimming

Abstract

The effect of active and passive recovery on repeated-sprint swimming bouts was studied in eight elite swimmers. Participants performed three trials of two sets of front crawl swims with 5 min rest between sets. Set A consisted of four 30-s bouts of high-intensity tethered swimming separated by 30 s passive rest, whereas Set B consisted of four 50-yard maximal-sprint swimming repetitions at intervals of 2 min. Recovery was active only between sets (AP trial), between sets and repetitions of Set B (AA trial) or passive throughout (PP trial). Performance during and metabolic responses after Set A were similar between trials. Blood lactate concentration after Set B was higher and blood pH was lower in the PP (18.29 ± 1.31 mmol · l^?1 and 7.12 ± 0.11 respectively) and AP (17.56 ± 1.22 mmol · l^?1 and 7.14 ± 0.11 respectively) trials compared with the AA (14.13 ± 1.56 mmol · l^?1 and 7.23 ± 0.10 respectively) trial (P < 0.01). Performance time during Set B was not different between trials (P > 0.05), but the decline in performance during Set B of the AP trial was less marked than in the AA or PP trials (main effect of sprints, P < 0.05). Results suggest that active recovery (60% of the 100-m pace) could be beneficial between training sets, and may compromise swimming performance between repetitions when recovery durations are short (< 2 min).     

Hip and upper extremity kinematics in youth baseball pitchers

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and upper extremity kinematics during baseball pitching. Thirty-one youth baseball pitchers (10.87 ± 0.92 years; 150.03 ± 5.48 cm; 44.83 ± 8.04 kg) participated. A strong correlation was found between stance hip rotation and scapular upward rotation at maximum shoulder external rotation (r = 0.531, P = 0.002) and at ball release (r = 0.536, P = 0.002). No statistically significant correlations were found between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and passive hip range of motion. Hip range of motion deficits can constrain pelvis rotation and limit energy generation in the lower extremities. Shoulder pathomechanics can then develop as greater responsibility is placed on the shoulder to generate the energy lost from the proximal segments, increasing risk of upper extremity injury. Additionally, it appears that passive seated measurements of hip range of motion may not accurately reflect the dynamic range of motion of the hips through the progression of the pitch cycle.     

英汉合同中被动语态的比较分析

在英汉合同中,被动语态符合措辞准确、结构严谨、格式规范的语言要求,起到了突出主题、强调施事的作用。但是,英语合同中被动语态的使用明显比汉语中的多。通过比较分析,发现英汉被动语态在合同中功能相同,但在使用程度上却存在一定差异。     

利用情感因素优化大学英语课堂教学效果

本文从教育心理学的角度探讨了大学英语教学中情感因素的积极作用,以及如何克服消极情感,改进课堂教学策略,提高大学英语课堂教学效果.     

他砂汉语的标记被动式

他砂汉语的标记被动式有"名<,受>着+[名<,施>]+动""名<,受>+名<,施>+各+动""名<,受>着+名<,施>+各+动"等三种类型.讨论这三种标记被动式的用法及被动标志的来源.他砂汉语中由被动标记"各"和"着……各"构成的被动式均与土家语的影响有关,它们在形成过程中经历了土家语的抵抗和改造,属于汉语、土家语深度...     

论儒家思想对中国传统体育竞技性的消极影响

从儒学中庸、实用主义、严格的等级制度和道德观念以及“复古”、“守陈”四个方面阐述了儒家思想对中国传统体育竞技性的消极影响,以期为中国传统体育竞技性的发展提供借鉴.     

世纪之交谈我国的民族、民族问题状况与民族学研究

多民族与民族问题均是我国的基本国情之一，民族学则是与这一基本国情关系最为密切的科研领域。世纪之交，需要对我国的民族与民族问题状况进行客观的评估，对我国民族学研究的发展方向进行认真的探讨。尽管我国各少数民族的经济社会文化发展还面临着许多困难，但从目前已取得的巨大成就，以及西部大开发的极好机遇看，在下一个世纪尽快实现各民族共同繁荣这一宏伟目标还是充满希望的，民族学研究应对此做出自己应有的贡献。     

“做”字词组与“作”字词组不能混淆

当前"作"字词组与"做"字词组混用情况严重。一般如是实义动词应用"做"字,如果是当"作为、当作"讲时用"作"字;"作"字词组后面通常是抽象名词做宾语,"做"字后面则是具体名词作宾语;"做"字词组和它后面的名词构成动宾词组时,它的及物动词含义及语法功能特别明显,而"作"字的这一特征相对较弱。