聚羧酸型减水剂的合成及分散性研究

为了获得具有较好分散力和保持能力的聚羧酸型减水剂,研究了其制备方法.首先通过酯交换反应和聚合反应,以丙烯酸、聚乙二醇酯、马来酸酐、甲基丙烯磺酸钠、丙烯酸羟乙酯为主要原料,共聚合成得到聚羧酸型减水剂.然后利用试验方法对影响减水剂分散性的因素进行了分析,并采用红外光谱对产物进行表征和分析.结果表明,具有梳形结构的聚羧酸型减水剂可由羧基、磺酸基、聚氧乙烯基的不饱和单体在水溶液中共聚合成,所合成的聚羧酸型减水剂具有优良的分散力和保持能力.     

Computer systems: Moral entities but not moral agents

After discussing the distinction between artifacts and natural entities, and the distinction between artifacts and technology, the conditions of the traditional account of moral agency are identified. While computer system behavior meets four of the five conditions, it does not and cannot meet a key condition. Computer systems do not have mental states, and even if they could be construed as having mental states, they do not have intendings to act, which arise from an agent’s freedom. On the other hand, computer systems have intentionality, and because of this, they should not be dismissed from the realm of morality in the same way that natural objects are dismissed. Natural objects behave from necessity; computer systems and other artifacts behave from necessity after they are created and deployed, but, unlike natural objects, they are intentionally created and deployed. Failure to recognize the intentionality of computer systems and their connection to human intentionality and action hides the moral character of computer systems. Computer systems are components in human moral action. When humans act with artifacts, their actions are constituted by the intentionality and efficacy of the artifact which, in turn, has been constituted by the intentionality and efficacy of the artifact designer. All three components – artifact designer, artifact, and artifact user – are at work when there is an action and all three should be the focus of moral evaluation.     

高效秸秆发酵剂优良菌种的分离筛选与鉴定

用ＳＬ选择性培养基从青贮饲草中分离出１０株乳酸菌,并从革兰氏染色特性、形态特征、培养特性和生化反应等方面进行了初步鉴定。结果明串株菌２株、片球菌２株、植物乳杆菌３株、发酵乳杆菌３株。按不同菌株搭配制成发酵剂。经发酵剂处理的秸秆喂牛增重效果显著。     

添加表面活性剂对糠醛精制油收率的影响

在润滑油馏分糠醛精制过程中,分别添加微量十二烷基磺酸钠、聚醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚等表面活性剂,改善液——液界面性质,使精制油收率比未加表面活性剂时提高1.8—2.7％。     

从野生植物中提取黄酮类药物的探索

本实验对黄酮提取方法进行了研究比较,研究证明,煮沸法优于索氏提取法;所用提取剂,乙酸乙酯优于乙醇,并提出了进一步改进的设想.     

从现实世界到MAS世界--基于MAS理论的复杂系统建模思想探讨

首先对Agent及MAS的本质特性进行分析,指出Agent在本质上是具有一定理性的意识系统,MAS则是一种基于涌现的分布式问题求解模式。其次,重点讨论了MAS与复杂系统的关系,指出MAS与其在本质上的相关性。最后,通过揭示MAS建模思想所反映出的世界观,将MAS建模的意义扩展到自然系统、社会系统、生态系统等广泛的现实世界,从而得出,在对各类复杂系统进行分析的过程中,从现实世界映射到MAS世界是直观、合理、可行的。     

过度竞争与义务教育负担过重

负担和竞争是义务教育的正常现象,而负担过重和过度竞争才是要解决的真问题。其根本原因,一方面在于教育具有产品标准化、信息不对称等易引发过度竞争的一般特征,另一方面在于教育具有公共资源的属性。由国家承担主要的教育成本且资源分布不均,促使个体通过牺牲式教育抢占更多公共教育资源以实现个人利益最大化,却导致国家集体利益的损失。其直接原因在于,代理人缺乏对儿童健康成长的认识,把额外争取到的公共教育资源视为牺牲式教育的补偿,而且为防止孩子年龄增长导致的控制能力减弱,代理人更加倾向于在儿童学业初期就施加过重的负担以“打好基础”。“双减”政策与《家庭教育促进法》可以全空间约束过度教育竞争,但也随之产生了约束有效性和约束成本的问题,需要进一步提高学校教育的质量,防止“双减”政策产生限制竞争却抑制发展的效果。     

A reputation-based model for mobile agent migration for information search and retrieval

Mobile agent technology has been used in various applications including e-commerce, information processing, distributed network management, and database access. Information search and retrieval can be conducted by mobile agents in a decentralized system. As compared with the client/server model, the mobile agent approach has an advantage of saving network bandwidth and offering flexibility in information search and retrieval. In this paper, we present a model for mobile agents to select the most reputable information host to search and retrieve information. We use opinion-based belief structure to represent, aggregate and calculate the reputation of an information host. Since reputation is a multi-faced concept, our approach first allows the users to rank each information host's quality of service based on a set of evaluation categories. Then, a comprehensive, final reputation of the host is obtained by aggregating those specific category reputations. To recognize the subjective nature of a reputation, the transferable belief model is used to represent and rank the category reputation. Experiments are conducted using the Aglets technology to illustrate mobile agent migration.     

基于移动Agent的电子商务系统的设计

移动Agent是一个新兴的网络技术,将移动Agem的技术应用于电子商务系统可以解决当前电子商务面临的诸多问题。提出系统的需求分析,给出系统的总体结构,着重设计工作流程及系统功能模块,对移动Agent电子商务系统的开发做了初步的探讨。     

基于多Agent多议题协商模型的研究

协商是多Agent系统实现协调、协作和冲突消解的关键环节。如何构建有效的协商模型是多Agent系统中有待解决的问题之一。本文主要讨论了多Agent多议题自动协商问题,构建了基于多Agent多议题协商模型,提出了相应的协商算法。