初等数学与密码学

在中学里,新学科永远是中学学生感兴趣的一点,特别是现在网络时代,密码学更是中学时代学生想去探究的学科。本文将从中学基础的因子、模、同余、最大最因数介绍起,到深层次的逆元、群、多项式逐一讨论,且立足于中学数学与信息技术两门学科,通过一个个例子把中学数学中所蕴含的密码学基础知识传输给学生,以提高了学生兴趣,并为其它学科的学习打下基础。     

Modeling the developmental trajectories of rational number concept(s)

The present study focuses on the development of two sub-concepts necessary for a complete mathematical understanding of rational numbers, a) representations of the magnitudes of rational numbers and b) the density of rational numbers. While difficulties with rational number concepts have been seen in students' of all ages, including educated adults, little is known about the developmental trajectories of the separate sub-concepts. We measured 10- to 12-year-old students' conceptual knowledge of rational numbers at three time points over a one-year period and estimated models of their conceptual knowledge using latent variable mixture models. Knowledge of magnitude representations is necessary, but not sufficient, for knowledge of density concepts. A Latent Transition Analysis indicated that few students displayed sustained understanding of rational numbers, particularly concepts of density. Results confirm difficulties with rational number conceptual change and suggest that latent variable mixture models can be useful in documenting these processes.     

‘I’m just a numbers person’: the complexity,nature and effects of the quantification of education

This paper draws upon the sociology of numbers, particularly work by Theodore Porter, to reveal the multifarious ways in which numbers actively constitute practices in schools. Drawing upon a case study of one low-performing school in a low-performing region in the state of Queensland, Australia, and theorising into the sociology of numbers, the research explores the complex ways in which numbers came to constitute and dominate the practices in this school site under a broader national, state and regional policy context demanding rapid improvements in various forms of standardised tests and associated practices. Specifically, the research reveals a strong and simultaneous focus by teachers upon a variety of numeric data collected at national, regional and local levels, and intricate relations between these data; multiple visualisation, triangulation and comparison approaches towards such data in virtual and physical formats; and the enumerative nominalisation of both students and their reading attainment in relation to specific, concretised levels of achievement and various types of scale scores. The research cautions against the sheer volume of such enumerative practices, which, while productive of teachers’ understandings of student capacity against standardised measures of achievement, may also lead to a more reductive view of education, dominated by concerns about achievement in standardised tests (and associated practices) alone.     

基于成熟度模型的供应链柔性模糊评价研究

通过引入成熟度模型,构建了供应链柔性评价指标体系,采用三角模糊数对指标体系进行了评价。最后通过实例介绍评价体系的使用方法,验证了评价体系的可行性,为实施供应链柔性评价提供理论依据和实证借鉴。     

浅谈我馆图书索书号取法

随着科学技术的发展,各高校图书馆都在探究适合自身的图书取号方法,并在实际的工作中不断摸索改进,基本上都确立了各自的取号方法。本文首先对索书号的构成进行了叙述,重点对华侨大学厦门工学院图书馆图书索书号的取法进行了阐述,针对一般图书、不同版本图书、多卷书、连续出版物、配套书以及套书种次号的取法进行论述,全面讲述了一个让图书馆的藏书排架更科学合理、便于利用的图书取号法。     

无穷大开簇上构型出现次数的强大数律和中心极限定理(英文)

考虑定义在整点格网Ld上的参数为p的上临界Bernoulli渗流,研究无穷大开簇上构型的发生情况.用Λn表示一个给定的构型P在限制于框B(n)=[-n,n]d中的无穷大开簇上发生的次数,得到了关于Λn的强大数律和中心极限定理.     

奇数参赛者循环比赛秩序编排的研究

体育竞赛日程编排,常用循环赛制,当比赛参加者是奇数时,按照常规循环赛编排竞赛秩序,其中有一个队会陷入严重不公平的境地,这个队将连续好几轮与上轮轮空、以逸待劳的队比赛,这有悖体育竞赛组织者的初衷.如果稍加改革,即可避免这种问题,使体育比赛健康发展.     

以频率估计概率的误差估计及其应用

阐述了以频率估计概率的误差估计公式，并举例说明公式在实际问题中的有关应用。     

The emergence of the quantified child

Using document analysis, this paper examines the historical emergence of the quantified child, revealing how the collection and use of data has become normalized through legitimizing discourses. First, following in the traditions of Foucault's genealogy and studies examining the sociology of numbers, this paper traces the evolution of data collection in a range of significant education policy documents. Second, a word count analysis was used to further substantiate the claim that data collection and use has been increasingly normalized through legitimizing discourses and routine actions in educational settings. These analyses provide evidence that the need to quantify educational practices has been justified over long periods of time through a variety of documents and that the extent to which data governs educators’ thoughts, discourses, and actions has dramatically increased during the past century.     

基于物元模型和区间模糊数贴近度的企业与软件匹配性研究

如果企业和软件系统能很好的匹配,可以更好的实现两个物元之间的目的和功能.文章从平衡计分卡的角度选择全方位的匹配指标体系,但各个指标值不是一个确定的数值,而是一个区间模糊数,并且从区间模糊数的特性出发构建企业和软件系统各个匹配指标的贴近度,再应用熵值客观赋权法给各指标赋权,最后综合计算企业与软件的总贴近度即匹配度,文中给出了匹配过程具体的计算步骤和实例,希望能给决策者以科学的参考依据.