宋代东宫制度考辨

宋代东宫权力的削减是伴随着宋代皇权发展而来的,东宫官职的阶官化、东宫率府的失职表明宋代皇权专制主义的产生。应从整个宋代制度的核心层面着手,来探寻宋代东宫制度变化的深意。     

国外职业性向理论研究与学派探析

从职业内涵与职业性向的理解出发,简述了国外职业性向理论的研究状况,着重分析了帕森斯"人职匹配"理论、职业生涯发展阶段理论、霍兰德职业人格与环境类型适合理论、施恩"职业锚"发展理论、社会认知职业理论和职业系统理论框架等具有影响力的职业性向理论学派,旨在促进对这些理论成果的学习和借鉴。     

大学生村官预培养机制的建构--以人才学相关理论为基础的研究

以人才学相关理论为基础,以学术总结与现实调研的比较为切入点,对大学生村官政策实践中的典型问题与缺漏予以梳理,以学术研究与现实政策的有效链接、成长成才动力机制的系统性建构,以及成长中不同时段不同角色的动态性调度为原则,系统建构大学生村官预培养机制及其对策规划,为政府立场上的相关调整与完善资供参考。     

基于心理社会模型的农业院校大学生就业能力培养

就业能力是一种与职业相关的综合能力,包括态度、个性等可变化的核心技能群,就业能力不仅取决于个人拥有的这些核心技能群,而且还与个人所处环境,个人应对劳动力市场的策略以及劳动力市场环境有关。就业能力的心理社会模型认为就业能力包含适应性( Adaptability )、职业认同( Career Identity )、人力资本与社会资本( Human and Social Capital)三个互相关联的部分,并由此提出农业院校大学生就业能力培养策略。     

An Australian perspective on school leadership preparation and development: credentials or self-management?

This paper provides a review of school leadership preparation and development in Australia through considering the requirements for becoming a principal, how leadership preparation and development occurs, and consideration of recent developments to provide an Australian standard for school leaders. Australian educators have relied mostly on a self-identification and self-managed system in which individuals decide that they want to pursue leadership opportunities and then seek out the support and experiences to help them. Support is available and provided through system, university, and service organization programmes, and the support of colleagues and senior leaders in schools. Whilst there is an extensive range of support provided by systems, universities and service organizations, there is little evidence of their impact on schools. At the school level there needs to be far greater support in identifying and developing leaders. Developments in creating a national leadership standard might lead to some type of credentialing programme that could allow individuals to benchmark their development, and ensure that preparation and support programmes are of the highest quality. An alternative view is to reinforce greater individual responsibility for leadership development and career progress, encourage schools and systems to focus less on individual leadership and more on collective leadership, and consider more innovative ways of providing leadership development.     

Managing the teaching–research nexus: ideals and practice in research-oriented universities

This paper demonstrates that while ideals of close linkages between research and teaching are widely embraced in research-oriented universities, a practice of division of labour between teaching-oriented and research-oriented staff persists. In an investigation of how the research–teaching nexus is managed at three Swedish universities, we identify a perceived misalignment between institutional incentives for individual academic staff and the needs of teaching. Under pressure from such tensions, managers are forced to deploy pragmatic strategies for the staffing of undergraduate education tasks. This includes allowing research needs and agendas to take priority over teaching needs. While managers seek to secure the participation of senior researchers in education, they often actively prefer to delegate the bulk of teaching activities to less research-active staff. Such strategies seem to reinforce existing patterns of division of labour among academic staff.     

The unacknowledged value of female academic labour power for male research careers

Academic work in Sweden's higher education system is changing character. Distinctly different career pathways are emerging, as facilities for developing research careers and capital have become both more restricted and more dependent on external funding. These developments are in focus in the present article. Based on ethnographic research and a series of semi-structured interviews with new academics and senior academic mentors in education faculties, the research suggests that several factors intercede in how careers are developed and experienced. The unacknowledged exploitation of female academic labour is perhaps amongst the more significant of these.     

从敦煌五代牒状写本看五代书法的过渡特色

大量敦煌五代牒状写本的发现为重新定位五代书法的桥梁作用提供了丰富的实物资料。从中可以看到五代对唐代书法的取舍与传承,尤其明显的是"颜柳"两大家书法在五代的接受与影响。五代书法有其自身的美学追求,萧散高远成为乱世之最高审美理想,这一美学理想在敦煌五代牒状写本中得到了更多的证实。而敦煌五代牒状写本多种多样的章法形制对宋代尺牍书风的形成产生了深远的影响。从唐代的外向书风到宋代的内向经营,五代书法承前启后的桥梁作用是不可忽视的。     

Returning to STEM: gendered factors affecting employability for mature women students

This paper adds to current discourses around employability by arguing for an explicit recognition of gender, in particular in relation to women’s employment in male-dominated sectors such as science, engineering and technology. This is not limited to young first-time graduates but continues and evolves throughout the life course. Mature women students, who are returning after career breaks, face a number of barriers in re-entering such employment sectors. Drawing on data from a longitudinal study of women graduates in science, technology, engineering or mathematics, who participated in a UK government-funded online programme aimed at supporting them to return to work, the paper examines three gendered factors identified as being of particular influence on outcomes – gender role normativity, locality and mobility, and structural and institutional barriers. The paper concludes by identifying strategies deployed by those that successfully returned to employment, including retraining, networking and doing unpaid or low-paid work.     

论党政公文中表性状模糊词语的运用

模糊语言主要通过模糊词语进行表达,模糊语言的使用对党政公文准确地反映公务活动的复杂性具有特殊的意义。本文以十八届三中全会上通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》为语料,探讨表性状的模糊词语在党政公文写作中的作用以及使用时应当注意的常见问题。