促进创业的老年收入保障制度研究——基于底线公平视角

创业对中国经济增长、技术创新和就业发挥着重要的作用。但是目前中国的收入保障制度导致创业者税费负担重、地区间创业者竞争不公平、保险转移成本高和创业失败生活没保障等严重制约了城乡居民创业的积极性。针对现有制度局限,建议基于底线公平原则,构建一个由政府公共财政支付起“兜底”作用的、以最低养老金标准为上限、以城乡居民最低生活保障标准为下限、呈带状区间的经济收入保障防线,保障所有老年人基本生活的全民基础性养老保障方案。解决创业者的后顾之忧并减轻创业者的缴费负担从而促进创业。     

Teacher commitment and its effects on student achievement in American high schools

This study explored the effects of teacher commitment on student achievement. Three teacher commitment dimensions of organizational, professional, and student commitment were derived. The three-dimensional teacher commitment measurement model was tested by a confirmatory factor analysis. Then, the relationships among individual and organizational variables, teacher commitment, and student achievement were analyzed by a 2-level hierarchical linear modeling method. As the results, the greater portions of teacher commitment and student achievement variances were within schools. The individual and organizational variables had differential impacts on each teacher commitment dimension. Finally, while teacher commitment effects on student achievement were differentially found depending on teacher commitment dimensions at the individual level, there was no evidence to support significant impacts of teacher commitment on student achievement at the organizational level.     

School emphasis on academic success: exploring changes in science performance in Norway between 2007 and 2011 employing two-level SEM

We study whether changes in school emphasis on academic success (SEAS) and safe schools (SAFE) may explain the increased science performance in Norway between TIMSS 2007 and 2011. Two-level structural equation modelling (SEM) of merged TIMSS data was used to investigate whether changes in levels of SEAS and SAFE mediate the changes in science performance. Two mediation models were fitted, one using subdomain scores of science as manifest dependent variables and one in which these scores are indicators of a latent science performance variable. The change in the latent science variable was fully mediated by SEAS, but this model did not explain changes in earth science performance, which increased more than the other subdomains. In the model with subdomain scores as manifest dependent variables, SEAS mediated the increased performance of all 4 subdomains of science. SAFE did not explain increased science performance but did have a positive impact on SEAS.     

Do perceptions of being treated fairly increase students’ outcomes? Teacher–student interactions and classroom justice in Italian adolescents

In this study, we have investigated the associations between the students’ perceptions of teachers’ interpersonal behaviour and some school outcomes – namely, academic achievement, learning motivation, and a sense of class belonging – considering the mediating role of classroom justice. Moreover, the impact of the school type was analysed. The research was performed on a population of 614 Italian students enrolled in 2 different types of secondary school, one with an academic orientation, the other with a vocational orientation. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to see the effect of the teachers’ behaviour on the dimensions of justice (i.e., equality, equity, needs, and interpersonal) and that of all these variables on academic achievement, learning motivation, and class belonging. The mediation role of classroom justice was confirmed by the analyses, and so was the impact of the school's orientation. Limitations to the study and future research ideas have also been outlined.     

Culture and Technology: implications for multicultural teacher education

ABSTRACT

American classrooms are experiencing a rapid growth in cultural and ethnic diversity, as well as an increase in educational classroom computing. Because culture directly affects classroom organisation and classroom learning, teachers need to understand, incorporate, and support their students’ cultures. Furthermore, since educational computing is not culturally neutral, teachers in culturally diverse settings must integrate the computer culture, the classroom culture, and students’ learning preferences. To meet the need for culturally and technologically competent multicultural teachers, teacher education programs must first define both cultural competency and computer competency. After examining the relationship between culture and educational computing, the paper explores some essential components of cultural and technological competency for multicultural teachers. Finally, it indicates the need for further research on the interaction of culture and technology in the multicultural classroom.     

经典影视作品与高校思想政治教育的整合研究

经典影视作品已经成为引领时代主流思想的重要引擎之一,以经典影视作品的感染力之长、信息量之长、主流思想和先进文化之长弥补高校思想政治教育之短,旨在以经典影视作品之长提升高校思想政治教育的质量和效果,以社会主义核心价值观引领经典影视文化,发挥经典影视作品的育人功能,实施高校经典影视文化网络渗透,促使高校思想政治教育开创新局面。     

《出师表》的朗诵教学思考

笔者按照文稿准备到表达的过程,由浅至深地从播音创作基础、朗读学、表演学、艺术接受学、教育学等角度,提出了聆听过程中的三个阶段和应该注意的问题,具体分析了《出师表》的历史背景、写作背景和播音背景,并对于舞台表演时的状态给予了提示。希望对于中学老师进行语文教学和朗诵辅导时提供一些思路。     

同性恋现象的另类书写——《弁而钗》中的“南风”及其文化解读

《弁而钗》是晚明时期的一部以同性恋为题材的白话短篇小说集.与明清时期传统的同性恋书写不同,该书作者对同性恋现象持同情、理解甚至赞赏的态度,因而展示的是一种特殊的同性情感关系.作者突出了同性恋者的至情至性,小说中的几位主人公品性高洁、俊逸不凡,他们之间是一种情感的交流,在人格上也是平等的.作品中塑造的小官、优伶形象,也摆脱了以色图财牟利的传统模式,不仅洁身自爱,而且知恩图报.《弁而钗》中“南风”现象的特殊化,体现了士人审美情趣和社会各阶层价值观念的一些微妙变化,具有比较丰富的文化内涵.     

浙江省R&D经费内部支出现状研究

科技是推动国民经济发展的重要力量,科学研究与试验发展(R&D)活动作为科学技术活动的核心,起着关键性的作用。近年来,浙江省积极贯彻"科教兴省"战略,其科技经费尤其是R&D经费投入和支出逐年增长,但与发达地区比,仍然存在着R&D经费投入力度不足、R&D经费内部支出结构失衡、科研机构和高校R&D经费支出规模较小等问题。浙江省可以从提高基础研究地位、增强科技事业扶持力度和合理分配科技经费等方面着手,把浙江省真正打造成科技强省。     

工业炸药自动包装线运行稳定性研究

简要介绍使用膨化炸药自动包装线的必要性及系统运行稳定的重要性,并通过实例分析包装线中的主要元件对自动包装线稳定性的影响,提出改善该包装线稳定性的措施。