A micro-perspective on students’ behavioral engagement in the context of teachers’ instructional support during seatwork: Sources of variability and the role of teacher adaptive support

Despite increased acknowledgement of the significance of situational factors to engagement, engagement is traditionally seen as a student characteristic. In this study, we investigated to what extent variation in observational measures of behavioral student engagement during seatwork is due to students versus teachers, teacher-student dyads, or situational (i.e., variation in time) effects. Additionally, we studied whether adaptive support during teacher-student interactions contributes to student engagement following that interaction. A cross-classified multilevel analysis of 324 video- and audio-recorded secondary school teacher-student interactions showed that situational factors and error were the strongest source of variability in student engagement. Other than expected, teacher-related and dyad-related variability were limited. Although behavioral engagement after teacher-student interaction was significantly higher than pre-interaction student engagement, higher post-interaction levels were not related to the level of adaptive support provided during the teacher-student interaction. These findings imply that situational factors deserve more attention in engagement research, for example by investigating what situational factors contribute to engagement. For teachers, the time-variant, situation-dependent nature of engagement opens up valuable opportunities to actively design optimal learning situations.     

交流异步电机状态变量观测及其优化控制

采用维持磁通始终恒定的方法对电机转矩直接控制，可解决交流异步电机控制精度和系统复杂性之间的矛盾，在电机状态变量观测及位置控制中应用了现代控制理论，和传统的矢量控制方法相比，在相同的性能指标下，该系统便于用微机来完成实时控制。     

Harnessing Yik Yak for Good: A Study of Students’ Anonymous Library Feedback

This study explores academic libraries’ potential uses of the mobile application Yik Yak, with particular focus on patrons’ anonymous feedback about library services and spaces. Over a 232-day period, the authors observed the Yik Yak feed for their university and recorded all yaks related to the library. A content analysis of the 249 library-related yaks found six distinct purposes that these library-related yaks served, from the perspective of the patron, which are of interest to the library: asking questions about library services; reporting problems with library spaces; reprimanding violations of and encouraging adherence to library policies; sharing compliments about library services; demons-trating need for improved library services; and discussing and offering feedback about library programs. This study reveals several opportunities for academic libraries to engage with Yik Yak in order to serve their patrons better, including providing virtual reference services, monitoring problems within the building, developing proactive approaches to policy enforce-ment, gathering honest and continuous feedback about the library's strengths, and identifying opportunities to improve and expand services. Implications for practice are discussed.     

中国画论视野中的油画创作教育

“外师造化,中得心源”是中国绘画理论审美意象创作的一种高度概括,是一个统一的过程。在这个过程中创造性的想象起着很重要的作用,中国当代化创造应对本国化有深入的了解,青年油画创作要不断地训练创造性的想象,为创造能够体现先进化发展方向的具有鲜明的民族特色、饱满的时代精神和真诚的个性创造的中国油画艺术而努力。     

"运行计算机"的取证问题研究——现场动态分析收集"易挥发数据"证据

当前司法实践中对现场中处于运行状态的计算机大多采用“二步式”取证的方式来收集数字证据,即先由侦查人员对涉案计算机实施关机分离和保全,尔后再移交专业机构进行数字证据司法鉴定;虽然该方法保障了数字证据的原始性和证明力,但无形之中却造成了存储于RAM中的“易挥发数据”以及其他形式的潜在数字证据的丢失。计算机信息系统中的这些“易挥发数据”可为案件的侦破提供重要线索和潜在的数字证据,因此收集这些“易挥发数据”对数字素件侦查取证意义重大。而实践证明,对“运行计算机”进行现场动态分析,是可以成功获取这些潜在的证据的。     

提高语文作文教学趣味性刍探

作文教学是语文教学的重要内容。目前,作文教学存在学生写作缺乏真实情感、作文内容与生活脱节、教师对作文的点评反馈不足等问题。因此,教师可在教学中以趣味性内容培养学生对事物的观察能力,激发学生的写作兴趣,并适当融入口头作文的训练内容,同时充分发挥评价和批改的作用,以全面提升学生的写作水平。     

幼儿角色游戏行为的教师观察记录分析——以中班角色游戏“小医院”为例

角色游戏是幼儿期最典型、幼儿最喜欢的一种游戏形式。教师对幼儿角色游戏行为的有效观察既是了解幼儿兴趣需要和发展状态的窗口,又能发现教育契机,是开展适应性教育的依据。通过内容分析等研究方法,对教师撰写的观察记录进行分析,发现教师的观察记录存在价值判断不足、观察方法单一、分析解读不深刻等问题。针对这些问题,从观察意识的提升、观察目标的确定、观察与分析要点的掌握等方面提出了改进策略,以期为教师角色游戏观察能力的提升提供理论支撑和实践建议。     

大菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒(pbGV)包涵体蛋白mRNA的提取及电镜观察

包涵体蛋白 mRNA 是大菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒(pbGV)感染晚期合成的主要信使 RNA.我们从染病晚期幼虫脂肪体中,用饱和苯酚法提取总核酸,用 LiCl 去除其中 DNA,经 Oligo-(dT)纤维素层析柱,mRNA 呈现二个洗脱峰,将洗脱峰组份用尿素-高甲酰胺法制样电镜观察.电镜下 mRNA 分子柔软、粗糙,呈弯曲的线状,分子长度约0.3μ(30个统计)     

改革实验教学方式,培养综合能力

根据社会发展的需要,必须深化实验教学改革,提出新的实验教学方式,多设综合性、设计性实验,培养学生敏锐的观察能力、熟练的实验操作能力和创新思维能力,让学生独立完成一个实验课题,从而提高学生的科学研究能力;     

基础打桩和基坑井点降水情况下周边建筑物沉降观测方法的研究

基础打桩和基坑井点降水情况下邻近建筑物的变形情况十分复杂,对其沉降观测必须根据实际施工进度适时调整观测周期,准确分析建筑物的垂直位移变化情况。本文结合扬州市神舟商务广场周边建筑物沉降观测的工程实例,对基础打桩和基坑井点降水情况下周边建筑物沉降观测工作进行研究,提出了沉降观测应当注意的问题及沉降观测的方法。