Diarrhea Management Training in Early Childhood Settings

This study addresses the health of young children and how to safely and effectively care for children with diarrhea in the home and in early child care settings. A baseline survey showed the prevalence of oral rehydration solution (ORS) usage at last diarrhea bout to be low. An educational workshop was developed to train parents and child care professionals on how to properly manage young children with diarrhea and reduce the risk of diarrhea spread at home and in early childhood settings. Specific intervention activities are discussed and program activities, including specially designed materials for mixing homemade ORS are described. A comparison of pre- and postintervention data indicates substantial gains in knowledge among both urban and rural populations. Implications of research findings are discussed along with suggestions for future research.     

Training program in child abuse for community health workers

A wide range of health workers in the community provide care for families that abuse or have a potential for abusing their children. Frequently these workers are unable to work effectively because of difficulty dealing with feelings aroused by contact with such families.An experimental child abuse training program for community health workers was designed by a pediatrician, a social worker, a public health nurse and two child psychiatrists. This program included a six-month study group which met weekly to focus on feelings and conflcts aroused during the course of work with abusing or potentially abusing families.Through analysis of the group experience, the leaders identified eleven sets of feelings or conflicts which seemed to interfere consistently with effective delivery of care: 1)anxieties about a) being physically harmed by angry parents and b) about the effects of a decision; 2) denial and inhibition of anger; 3) need for emotional gratification from clients; 4) lack of professional support; 5) feelings of incompetence; 6) denial and projection of responsbility; 7) feeling total responsibility for assigned families; 8) difficulty separating personal from professional responsibility; 9) feelings of being a victim; 10) ambivalent feelings a) toward clients and b) about one's professional role; 11) need to be in control.This type of group experience seems to be an effective method for exploration and resolution of feelings and conflicts.     

The Importance of Making the Well-Being of Children in Poverty a Priority

Hurricane Katrina exposed to the world the side of America that is often ignored or forgotten—the side of America where people live in poverty and struggle to meet their most basic needs. This article focuses primarily on children in Mississippi and highlights the effect that poverty has on children’s well-being at an early age and future academic success. It also provides evidence for the importance of funding high-quality pre-k programs and parental training to ensure they begin the process of preparing their children for success, not only in Mississippi but in the other states that are leaving their children behind. Finally, with the reauthorization of No Child Left Behind in 2007, recommendations are made for refocusing the premise of the law from accountability and high stakes testing to meeting the needs of all children so they can truly be successful in school.     

从“山穷水尽”到“柳暗花明”——浅谈转化后进生的误区及其对策

在全面开展素质教育的今天 ,如何正确认识差生形成的原因和展开差生转化工作已成为重要的话题。本文就当前差生转化中存在的误区和如何转化差生作一分析 ,并指出在转化工作中应注意的几个问题。     

一个自闭症儿童辅导的行动研究

本文采用行动研究的方法对一名自闭症儿童进行了研究。作者根据该儿童的情况,设定了干预计划,通过两个月的实施,结果表明:所制定的干预计划能够有效地缓解其不良症状,促进其语言能力的发展,但对其社会性发展方面作用不大。     

儿童是自然的存在

童年期的出现是人类特殊的进化过程的产物，童年期的延长是生物进化与社会文化发展的必然要求和产物。童年是自然赋予，剥夺儿童享受童年的乐趣，就是剥夺儿童的生命权，是对自然人性的扭曲，对自然规律的践踏。     

儿童与老人交际语言的对比研究

本文通过比较儿童语言和老人语言的特点来验证有关老人语言能力的所谓倒置 -U型模式 ( inverted-U model)。文章前两部分分别对儿童和老人的言语风格和交际技巧进行了详细的分析和描述 ;第三部分根据前面的描述 ,指出两个不同年龄群体使用的交际语言之异同 ;最后 ,文章从认知学和社会语言学的角度剖析了造成两者异同的原因。     

浅析二胎“老大”的心理问题与应对策略

以“全面二胎”的特殊政策为背景,基于调查与研究,笔者发现“老大”容易出现嫉妒、逆反和自卑三类心理问题。针对这些心理问题,本文提出了“关注心理征兆,做好思想引导”、“合理配置关爱,改进教养方式”、“加强关注预防,提升相关工作”等应对策略。     

妊娠期抗微生物药物的合理选用

论述了各类抗微生物药物对胎儿、新生儿的主要影响 ,明确指出了妊娠不同时期禁用及可以安全使用的抗微生物药物 .     

让幼儿主动探究的指导策略

幼儿的学习是一个主动建构的过程，孩子探究和学习的特点是我们教育活动构成的依据，教育应从孩子的兴趣、需要和原有水平出发，不断调整和生成与教育目标相适宜的教育内容，从而促成幼儿的兴趣、需求和原有水平与教育目标的结合，最大限度的实现幼儿主动的、合乎教育目的的发展。为此，教师要通过提供幼儿探究的材料、环境及表达和交流的机会，为幼儿创造自主探究学习的条件，促使幼儿的主动建构。