儿童教育论纲——基于近现代童年观的儿童教育

提倡基于近现代童年观的儿童教育，使儿童过上应有的童年生活，享有应有的童年欢乐，从而帮助他们顺利度过童年，并使他们的根基变得茁壮。发展充满后劲。     

从"被食"到"食人":曹七巧的悲剧人生

曹七巧这一文学形象是张爱玲对中国现代文学的一个贡献。半封建半殖民地的十里洋场是曹七巧悲剧形成的肥沃土壤。金钱与门第观念的迫害，使她从一个具有青春温情回忆的可爱姑娘变成一个阴鸷毒辣凶狠残酷的老太婆。在潜意识性变态心理、仇视与嫉妒心理、有意识寡居者护犊心理的驱使下，她反过来“食”了自己亲生子女的幸福，使她从一个“被食者”沦为“食人者”，成为一个“彻底的人物”。     

Home learning environment and development of child competencies from kindergarten until the end of elementary school

Literacy and mathematical competencies are essential for a successful school career and precursors of these abilities develop in kindergarten. In addition to children’s early cognitive abilities, family characteristics such as the socioeconomic status and the home learning environment (HLE) are predictors of early child competencies. However, few studies outside the US and the UK have analyzed long-term effects of the early HLE on child development, simultaneously considering various explanatory factors. In this longitudinal study, data of 920 German children were obtained in kindergarten some 18 months before school entry (child mean age: 4;10). At this point, precursors of reading, spelling and mathematics were assessed. In addition, parents were asked to complete surveys on family characteristics. Child assessments were repeated with standardized measures of mathematical and literacy abilities at the end of Grade 1 and in the middle of Grade 4 (child mean age: 9;9), the final grade in German elementary schools. In Grade 4, teachers were also asked to provide their recommendation for children’s secondary school track (“Hauptschule” for lowest secondary school track, “Realschule”, or “Gymnasium” as highest secondary school track). HLE was not only a good predictor of early abilities, but also directly predicted competencies at the end of elementary school when precursors, former academic achievement and child and family characteristics were controlled for. In addition, children living in more favorable HLEs were more likely to be recommended for higher secondary school tracks by their teachers.     

Exploring the social connections in preschool settings between children labelled with special educational needs and their peers

This paper reports on a small-scale study of the social interactions between six children labelled with special educational needs and their peers in their respective early years settings. Data from play observations, photographs and staff interviews is used to examine the dynamics of the connections that they make with other children. The position of these six children as active agents in making decisions about their peer interactions is highlighted and the ways that this agency is expressed is analysed. By focusing on the personal strategies that the children use to make social connections the findings contribute to the developing understanding of children's relationships within inclusive early years settings. In particular compatible play interests and personalities are identified as significant factors that attract children to one another in this case study. It also emerged that recurrent playmates did not feature consistently in the social exchanges involving this group of children. This factor is considered in the context of it being indicative of the social connections that children labelled with special educational needs pursue. Suggestions for further investigation are proposed and key practice messages offered around developing awareness and facilitation of social connections between children.     

Callous–unemotional (CU) traits in adolescent boys and response to teacher reward and discipline strategies

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between callous–unemotional (CU) traits and response to rewards and discipline in adolescent boys using a mixed-methods approach. Participants comprised 39 boys aged between 12 and 13 years and 8 teachers. Quantitative findings showed that CU traits were significantly related to punishment insensitivity, controlling for conduct problems, autism symptoms and hyperactivity. In contrast, there was no significant association between CU traits and reward sensitivity. Qualitative analysis indicated that teachers view children high in CU traits as responsive to fewer reward and discipline strategies, and strategies need to be implemented and monitored with care to avoid unintended, undesirable outcomes. However, time out, praise, support from other staff and maintaining a positive teacher–child relationship were identified as effective strategies. Findings emphasise the need to carefully select, modify and implement existing evidence-based classroom behaviour-management strategies with high-CU children.     

在英语听说教学中使用多媒体的技巧

随着多媒体技术在外语教学中被越来越广泛地应用 ,其教学法也逐渐被重视起来。处理好“学生-教师 -多媒体””间的关系对充分利用媒体资源、发挥教师的业务水平、调动学生积极性和活跃课堂气氛都起着非常重要的作用。教师必须发挥想象力、积极主动地探索、实践和总结 ,做到因材施教和因人施教 ,上好每一堂既有趣又有意义的多媒体外语课     

Low-achieving (learning disabled) pupils in year 2 of the primary school in Hungary

We selected 60 low-achieving children from a sample of 263 pupils in Year 2 of the primary school in order to analyse the problems of learning disabilities. We explored two questions: whether teachers evaluate the pupils' school performances correctly; and what kind of relationship exists between the low-achieving pupils' cognitive abilities and their school performance. Methods used were questionnaires, pedagogical tests and traditional psychological tests. We obtained the following results: the teachers generally evaluate the pupils' school performance fairly well, but they are inclined to assume a close correlation between the achievements in different subjects, and the teachers' knowledge of the low-achieving children is more reliable regarding the group of pupils as a whole rather than each pupil individually; and the low-achieving pupils' cognitive learning abilities prove to be significantly weaker than their general intellectual abilities.     

让幼儿主动探究的指导策略

幼儿的学习是一个主动建构的过程，孩子探究和学习的特点是我们教育活动构成的依据，教育应从孩子的兴趣、需要和原有水平出发，不断调整和生成与教育目标相适宜的教育内容，从而促成幼儿的兴趣、需求和原有水平与教育目标的结合，最大限度的实现幼儿主动的、合乎教育目的的发展。为此，教师要通过提供幼儿探究的材料、环境及表达和交流的机会，为幼儿创造自主探究学习的条件，促使幼儿的主动建构。     

试论幼儿的创造性特征及其教育

幼儿时期是素质教育的初始阶段，是人一生中最富于创造性的时期，这时期的创造性水平虽然不高，却是可以长成参天大树的幼苗，因此，这个时期的创造性教育理应受到深切而广泛的关注，幼儿时期创造性的培养可以从环境的创设，教师的素质和创造性的教学等方面入手。     

消费时代儿童文学的文化身份与叙事路向

消费时代为儿童文学的创作与接受提供了崭新的文化语境。这种语境既为儿童文学的持续伸展提供了相应的创新空间．同时也向儿童文学惯有的价值诉求提出了严峻挑战。准确判断并重新确认儿童文学的现代文化身份．进而探讨其既成和应有的叙事路向．已经成为严肃而紧迫的学术课题。正是在这种背景下．我们呼唤并珍视儿童文学的人文关怀、诗性品格、游戏精神以及与科学理性相反相成的幻想冲动。面对消费时代商业化、电子化、多元化的叙事路向，继续秉持健康的人文情怀．尊重率真的儿童意识和游戏精神,追求表达方式和叙事路径的多样化实现．便理所当然地成为儿童文学创作的未来方向。